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  42 <H1 class="no-header">curs_window 3x 2024-05-25 ncurses 6.5 Library calls</H1>
  43 <PRE>
  44 <STRONG><A HREF="curs_window.3x.html">curs_window(3x)</A></STRONG>                  Library calls                 <STRONG><A HREF="curs_window.3x.html">curs_window(3x)</A></STRONG>
  45
  46
  47
  48
  49 </PRE><H2><a name="h2-NAME">NAME</a></H2><PRE>
  50        <STRONG>newwin</STRONG>,  <STRONG>delwin</STRONG>,  <STRONG>mvwin</STRONG>,  <STRONG>subwin</STRONG>,  <STRONG>derwin</STRONG>,  <STRONG>mvderwin</STRONG>,  <STRONG>dupwin</STRONG>, <STRONG>wsyncup</STRONG>,
  51        <STRONG>syncok</STRONG>, <STRONG>wcursyncup</STRONG>, <STRONG>wsyncdown</STRONG> - create and manipulate <EM>curses</EM> windows
  52
  53
  54 </PRE><H2><a name="h2-SYNOPSIS">SYNOPSIS</a></H2><PRE>
  55        <STRONG>#include</STRONG> <STRONG>&lt;curses.h&gt;</STRONG>
  56
  57        <STRONG>WINDOW</STRONG> <STRONG>*newwin(</STRONG>
  58              <STRONG>int</STRONG> <EM>nlines</EM><STRONG>,</STRONG> <STRONG>int</STRONG> <EM>ncols</EM><STRONG>,</STRONG>
  59              <STRONG>int</STRONG> <EM>begin</EM><STRONG>_</STRONG><EM>y</EM><STRONG>,</STRONG> <STRONG>int</STRONG> <EM>begin</EM><STRONG>_</STRONG><EM>x</EM><STRONG>);</STRONG>
  60        <STRONG>int</STRONG> <STRONG>delwin(WINDOW</STRONG> <STRONG>*</STRONG><EM>win</EM><STRONG>);</STRONG>
  61        <STRONG>int</STRONG> <STRONG>mvwin(WINDOW</STRONG> <STRONG>*</STRONG><EM>win</EM><STRONG>,</STRONG> <STRONG>int</STRONG> <EM>y</EM><STRONG>,</STRONG> <STRONG>int</STRONG> <EM>x</EM><STRONG>);</STRONG>
  62        <STRONG>WINDOW</STRONG> <STRONG>*subwin(WINDOW</STRONG> <STRONG>*</STRONG><EM>orig</EM><STRONG>,</STRONG>
  63              <STRONG>int</STRONG> <EM>nlines</EM><STRONG>,</STRONG> <STRONG>int</STRONG> <EM>ncols</EM><STRONG>,</STRONG>
  64              <STRONG>int</STRONG> <EM>begin</EM><STRONG>_</STRONG><EM>y</EM><STRONG>,</STRONG> <STRONG>int</STRONG> <EM>begin</EM><STRONG>_</STRONG><EM>x</EM><STRONG>);</STRONG>
  65        <STRONG>WINDOW</STRONG> <STRONG>*derwin(WINDOW</STRONG> <STRONG>*</STRONG><EM>orig</EM><STRONG>,</STRONG>
  66              <STRONG>int</STRONG> <EM>nlines</EM><STRONG>,</STRONG> <STRONG>int</STRONG> <EM>ncols</EM><STRONG>,</STRONG>
  67              <STRONG>int</STRONG> <EM>begin</EM><STRONG>_</STRONG><EM>y</EM><STRONG>,</STRONG> <STRONG>int</STRONG> <EM>begin</EM><STRONG>_</STRONG><EM>x</EM><STRONG>);</STRONG>
  68        <STRONG>int</STRONG> <STRONG>mvderwin(WINDOW</STRONG> <STRONG>*</STRONG><EM>win</EM><STRONG>,</STRONG> <STRONG>int</STRONG> <EM>par</EM><STRONG>_</STRONG><EM>y</EM><STRONG>,</STRONG> <STRONG>int</STRONG> <EM>par</EM><STRONG>_</STRONG><EM>x</EM><STRONG>);</STRONG>
  69        <STRONG>WINDOW</STRONG> <STRONG>*dupwin(WINDOW</STRONG> <STRONG>*</STRONG><EM>win</EM><STRONG>);</STRONG>
  70        <STRONG>void</STRONG> <STRONG>wsyncup(WINDOW</STRONG> <STRONG>*</STRONG><EM>win</EM><STRONG>);</STRONG>
  71        <STRONG>int</STRONG> <STRONG>syncok(WINDOW</STRONG> <STRONG>*</STRONG><EM>win</EM><STRONG>,</STRONG> <STRONG>bool</STRONG> <EM>bf</EM><STRONG>);</STRONG>
  72        <STRONG>void</STRONG> <STRONG>wcursyncup(WINDOW</STRONG> <STRONG>*</STRONG><EM>win</EM><STRONG>);</STRONG>
  73        <STRONG>void</STRONG> <STRONG>wsyncdown(WINDOW</STRONG> <STRONG>*</STRONG><EM>win</EM><STRONG>);</STRONG>
  74
  75
  76 </PRE><H2><a name="h2-DESCRIPTION">DESCRIPTION</a></H2><PRE>
  77
  78 </PRE><H3><a name="h3-newwin">newwin</a></H3><PRE>
  79        Calling <STRONG>newwin</STRONG> creates and returns a pointer to a new window  with  the
  80        given  number  of lines and columns.  The upper left-hand corner of the
  81        window is at
  82               line <EM>begin</EM>_<EM>y</EM>,
  83               column <EM>begin</EM>_<EM>x</EM>
  84
  85        If either <EM>nlines</EM> or <EM>ncols</EM> is zero, they default to
  86               <STRONG>LINES</STRONG> <STRONG>-</STRONG> <EM>begin</EM>_<EM>y</EM> and
  87               <STRONG>COLS</STRONG> <STRONG>-</STRONG> <EM>begin</EM>_<EM>x</EM>.
  88
  89        A new full-screen window is created by calling <STRONG>newwin(0,0,0,0)</STRONG>.
  90
  91        Regardless of the function  used  for  creating  a  new  window  (e.g.,
  92        <STRONG>newwin</STRONG>, <STRONG>subwin</STRONG>, <STRONG>derwin</STRONG>, <STRONG>newpad</STRONG>), rather than a duplicate (with <STRONG>dupwin</STRONG>),
  93        all of the window modes are initialized to the default  values.   These
  94        functions set window modes after a window is created:
  95
  96               <STRONG>idcok</STRONG>  <STRONG>idlok</STRONG>  <STRONG>immedok</STRONG>  <STRONG>keypad</STRONG> <STRONG>leaveok</STRONG> <STRONG>nodelay</STRONG> <STRONG>scrollok</STRONG> <STRONG>setscrreg</STRONG>
  97               <STRONG>syncok</STRONG> <STRONG>wbkgdset</STRONG> <STRONG>wbkgrndset</STRONG> and <STRONG>wtimeout</STRONG>.
  98
  99
 100 </PRE><H3><a name="h3-delwin">delwin</a></H3><PRE>
 101        Calling <STRONG>delwin</STRONG> deletes the named window, freeing all memory  associated
 102        with  it  (it  does  not  actually  erase  the  window's screen image).
 103        Subwindows must be deleted before the main window can be deleted.
 104
 105
 106 </PRE><H3><a name="h3-mvwin">mvwin</a></H3><PRE>
 107        Calling <STRONG>mvwin</STRONG> moves the window so that the upper left-hand corner is at
 108        position  (<EM>x</EM>,  <EM>y</EM>).   If  the  move would cause the window to be off the
 109        screen, it is an error and the window is not moved.  Moving  subwindows
 110        is allowed, but should be avoided.
 111
 112
 113 </PRE><H3><a name="h3-subwin">subwin</a></H3><PRE>
 114        Calling  <STRONG>subwin</STRONG>  creates and returns a pointer to a new window with the
 115        given number of lines, <EM>nlines</EM>, and columns, <EM>ncols</EM>.  The  window  is  at
 116        position (<EM>begin</EM>_<EM>y</EM>, <EM>begin</EM>_<EM>x</EM>) on the screen.  The subwindow shares memory
 117        with the window <EM>orig</EM>, its <EM>ancestor</EM>, so that changes made to one  window
 118        will  affect both windows.  When using this routine, it is necessary to
 119        call <STRONG>touchwin</STRONG> or <STRONG>touchline</STRONG> on  <EM>orig</EM>  before  calling  <STRONG>wrefresh</STRONG>  on  the
 120        subwindow.
 121
 122
 123 </PRE><H3><a name="h3-derwin">derwin</a></H3><PRE>
 124        Calling  <STRONG>derwin</STRONG>  is the same as calling <STRONG>subwin,</STRONG> except that <EM>begin</EM>_<EM>y</EM> and
 125        <EM>begin</EM>_<EM>x</EM> are relative to the origin of the window <EM>orig</EM> rather  than  the
 126        screen.   There is no difference between the subwindows and the derived
 127        windows.
 128
 129
 130 </PRE><H3><a name="h3-mvderwin">mvderwin</a></H3><PRE>
 131        Calling <STRONG>mvderwin</STRONG> moves a  derived  window  (or  subwindow)  inside  its
 132        parent  window.   The  screen-relative parameters of the window are not
 133        changed.  This routine is used to display different parts of the parent
 134        window at the same physical position on the screen.
 135
 136
 137 </PRE><H3><a name="h3-dupwin">dupwin</a></H3><PRE>
 138        Calling <STRONG>dupwin</STRONG> creates an exact duplicate of the window <EM>win</EM>.
 139
 140
 141 </PRE><H3><a name="h3-wsyncup">wsyncup</a></H3><PRE>
 142        Calling  <STRONG>wsyncup</STRONG>  touches  all  locations  in ancestors of <EM>win</EM> that are
 143        changed in <EM>win</EM>.  If <STRONG>syncok</STRONG> is called with  second  argument  <STRONG>TRUE</STRONG>  then
 144        <STRONG>wsyncup</STRONG>  is  called  automatically  whenever  there  is a change in the
 145        window.
 146
 147
 148 </PRE><H3><a name="h3-wsyncdown">wsyncdown</a></H3><PRE>
 149        The <STRONG>wsyncdown</STRONG> routine touches  each  location  in  <EM>win</EM>  that  has  been
 150        touched  in  any  of  its  ancestor windows.  This routine is called by
 151        <STRONG>wrefresh</STRONG>, so it should almost never be necessary to call it manually.
 152
 153
 154 </PRE><H3><a name="h3-wcursyncup">wcursyncup</a></H3><PRE>
 155        The routine <STRONG>wcursyncup</STRONG> updates the current cursor position of  all  the
 156        ancestors  of  the window to reflect the current cursor position of the
 157        window.
 158
 159
 160 </PRE><H2><a name="h2-RETURN-VALUE">RETURN VALUE</a></H2><PRE>
 161        Routines that return an integer return the integer <STRONG>ERR</STRONG> upon failure and
 162        <STRONG>OK</STRONG>  (SVr4  only  specifies  "an  integer  value  other  than <STRONG>ERR</STRONG>") upon
 163        successful completion.
 164
 165        Routines that return pointers return <STRONG>NULL</STRONG> on error.
 166
 167        X/Open defines no error conditions.  In this implementation
 168
 169        <STRONG>delwin</STRONG>
 170             returns <STRONG>ERR</STRONG> if the window pointer is null, or if the window is the
 171             parent of another window.
 172
 173        <STRONG>derwin</STRONG>
 174             returns <STRONG>ERR</STRONG> if the parent window pointer is null, or if any of its
 175             ordinates or dimensions is negative, or if  the  resulting  window
 176             does not fit inside the parent window.
 177
 178        <STRONG>dupwin</STRONG>
 179             returns <STRONG>ERR</STRONG> if the window pointer is null.
 180
 181             This  implementation  also maintains a list of windows, and checks
 182             that the  pointer  passed  to  <STRONG>delwin</STRONG>  is  one  that  it  created,
 183             returning an error if it was not..
 184
 185        <STRONG>mvderwin</STRONG>
 186             returns  <STRONG>ERR</STRONG> if the window pointer is null, or if some part of the
 187             window would be placed off-screen.
 188
 189        <STRONG>mvwin</STRONG>
 190             returns <STRONG>ERR</STRONG> if the window pointer is null, or  if  the  window  is
 191             really  a  pad, or if some part of the window would be placed off-
 192             screen.
 193
 194        <STRONG>newwin</STRONG>
 195             will fail if either of its beginning ordinates is negative, or  if
 196             either the number of lines or columns is negative.
 197
 198        <STRONG>syncok</STRONG>
 199             returns <STRONG>ERR</STRONG> if the window pointer is null.
 200
 201        <STRONG>subwin</STRONG>
 202             returns <STRONG>ERR</STRONG> if the parent window pointer is null, or if any of its
 203             ordinates or dimensions is negative, or if  the  resulting  window
 204             does not fit inside the parent window.
 205
 206        The  functions  which return a window pointer may also fail if there is
 207        insufficient memory for its data structures.  Any  of  these  functions
 208        will fail if the screen has not been initialized, i.e., with <STRONG>initscr</STRONG> or
 209        <STRONG>newterm</STRONG>.
 210
 211
 212 </PRE><H2><a name="h2-NOTES">NOTES</a></H2><PRE>
 213        If many small changes are made to the window, the <STRONG>wsyncup</STRONG> option  could
 214        degrade performance.
 215
 216        Note that <STRONG>syncok</STRONG> may be a macro.
 217
 218
 219 </PRE><H2><a name="h2-PORTABILITY">PORTABILITY</a></H2><PRE>
 220        X/Open Curses, Issue 4 describes these functions.
 221
 222        Regarding <EM>delwin</EM>, X/Open Curses states that
 223
 224               [t]he  application  must  delete  subwindows before deleting the
 225               main window.
 226
 227        If <EM>delwin</EM> is asked to delete a parent window, it can  succeed  only  if
 228        the  <EM>curses</EM> library keeps a list of its subwindows.  SVr4 <EM>curses</EM> kept a
 229        count of the number of  subwindows  rather  than  a  list.   It  simply
 230        returned  <STRONG>ERR</STRONG>  when asked to delete a subwindow.  Solaris X/Open <EM>curses</EM>
 231        (<EM>xcurses</EM>) does not make even that  check,  and  will  delete  a  parent
 232        window that still has subwindows.  <EM>PDCurses</EM> also behaves this way.
 233
 234        <EM>ncurses</EM>  4.0  (1996)  and  later  maintains  a list of windows for each
 235        screen to ensure that a window has no subwindows  before  allowing  its
 236        deletion.  NetBSD <EM>curses</EM> has followed suit since 2003.
 237
 238        SVr4  <EM>curses</EM>  documentation is unclear about what <EM>wsyncup</EM> and <EM>wsyncdown</EM>
 239        actually do.  It seems to imply that they are supposed  to  touch  only
 240        those  lines that are affected by changes to a window's ancestors.  The
 241        description and behavior of these functions in <EM>ncurses</EM> is patterned  on
 242        the X/Open Curses standard; this approach may result in slower updates.
 243
 244
 245 </PRE><H2><a name="h2-SEE-ALSO">SEE ALSO</a></H2><PRE>
 246        <STRONG><A HREF="ncurses.3x.html">curses(3x)</A></STRONG>,    <STRONG><A HREF="curs_initscr.3x.html">curs_initscr(3x)</A></STRONG>,    <STRONG><A HREF="curs_refresh.3x.html">curs_refresh(3x)</A></STRONG>,   <STRONG><A HREF="curs_touch.3x.html">curs_touch(3x)</A></STRONG>,
 247        <STRONG><A HREF="curs_variables.3x.html">curs_variables(3x)</A></STRONG>
 248
 249
 250
 251 ncurses 6.5                       2024-05-25                   <STRONG><A HREF="curs_window.3x.html">curs_window(3x)</A></STRONG>
 252 </PRE>
 253 <div class="nav">
 254 <ul>
 255 <li><a href="#h2-NAME">NAME</a></li>
 256 <li><a href="#h2-SYNOPSIS">SYNOPSIS</a></li>
 257 <li><a href="#h2-DESCRIPTION">DESCRIPTION</a>
 258 <ul>
 259 <li><a href="#h3-newwin">newwin</a></li>
 260 <li><a href="#h3-delwin">delwin</a></li>
 261 <li><a href="#h3-mvwin">mvwin</a></li>
 262 <li><a href="#h3-subwin">subwin</a></li>
 263 <li><a href="#h3-derwin">derwin</a></li>
 264 <li><a href="#h3-mvderwin">mvderwin</a></li>
 265 <li><a href="#h3-dupwin">dupwin</a></li>
 266 <li><a href="#h3-wsyncup">wsyncup</a></li>
 267 <li><a href="#h3-wsyncdown">wsyncdown</a></li>
 268 <li><a href="#h3-wcursyncup">wcursyncup</a></li>
 269 </ul>
 270 </li>
 271 <li><a href="#h2-RETURN-VALUE">RETURN VALUE</a></li>
 272 <li><a href="#h2-NOTES">NOTES</a></li>
 273 <li><a href="#h2-PORTABILITY">PORTABILITY</a></li>
 274 <li><a href="#h2-SEE-ALSO">SEE ALSO</a></li>
 275 </ul>
 276 </div>
 277 </BODY>
 278 </HTML>