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30 * @Id: tput.1,v 1.32 2012/07/14 21:06:45 tom Exp @
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42 <H1 class="no-header">tput 1</H1>
44 <STRONG><A HREF="tput.1.html">tput(1)</A></STRONG> <STRONG><A HREF="tput.1.html">tput(1)</A></STRONG>
49 </PRE><H2><a name="h2-NAME">NAME</a></H2><PRE>
50 <STRONG>tput</STRONG>, <STRONG>reset</STRONG> - initialize a terminal or query terminfo
54 </PRE><H2><a name="h2-SYNOPSIS">SYNOPSIS</a></H2><PRE>
55 <STRONG>tput</STRONG> [<STRONG>-T</STRONG><EM>type</EM>] <EM>capname</EM> [<EM>parms</EM> ... ]
56 <STRONG>tput</STRONG> [<STRONG>-T</STRONG><EM>type</EM>] <STRONG>init</STRONG>
57 <STRONG>tput</STRONG> [<STRONG>-T</STRONG><EM>type</EM>] <STRONG>reset</STRONG>
58 <STRONG>tput</STRONG> [<STRONG>-T</STRONG><EM>type</EM>] <STRONG>longname</STRONG>
59 <STRONG>tput</STRONG> <STRONG>-S</STRONG> <STRONG><<</STRONG>
60 <STRONG>tput</STRONG> <STRONG>-V</STRONG>
63 </PRE><H2><a name="h2-DESCRIPTION">DESCRIPTION</a></H2><PRE>
64 The <STRONG>tput</STRONG> utility uses the <STRONG>terminfo</STRONG> database to make the
65 values of terminal-dependent capabilities and information
66 available to the shell (see <STRONG>sh(1)</STRONG>), to initialize or reset
67 the terminal, or return the long name of the requested
68 terminal type. The result depends upon the capability's
72 <STRONG>tput</STRONG> writes the string to the standard output.
73 No trailing newline is supplied.
76 <STRONG>tput</STRONG> writes the decimal value to the standard
77 output, with a trailing newline.
80 <STRONG>tput</STRONG> simply sets the exit code (<STRONG>0</STRONG> for TRUE if
81 the terminal has the capability, <STRONG>1</STRONG> for FALSE
82 if it does not), and writes nothing to the
85 Before using a value returned on the standard output, the
86 application should test the exit code (e.g., <STRONG>$?</STRONG>, see
87 <STRONG>sh(1)</STRONG>) to be sure it is <STRONG>0</STRONG>. (See the <STRONG>EXIT</STRONG> <STRONG>CODES</STRONG> and <STRONG>DIAG-</STRONG>
88 <STRONG>NOSTICS</STRONG> sections.) For a complete list of capabilities
89 and the <EM>capname</EM> associated with each, see <STRONG><A HREF="terminfo.5.html">terminfo(5)</A></STRONG>.
91 <STRONG>-T</STRONG><EM>type</EM> indicates the <EM>type</EM> of terminal. Normally this
92 option is unnecessary, because the default is taken
93 from the environment variable <STRONG>TERM</STRONG>. If <STRONG>-T</STRONG> is spec-
94 ified, then the shell variables <STRONG>LINES</STRONG> and <STRONG>COLUMNS</STRONG>
98 indicates the capability from the <STRONG>terminfo</STRONG> data-
99 base. When <STRONG>termcap</STRONG> support is compiled in, the
100 <STRONG>termcap</STRONG> name for the capability is also accepted.
102 <EM>parms</EM> If the capability is a string that takes parame-
103 ters, the arguments <EM>parms</EM> will be instantiated into
106 Most parameters are numbers. Only a few terminfo
107 capabilities require string parameters; <STRONG>tput</STRONG> uses a
108 table to decide which to pass as strings. Normally
109 <STRONG>tput</STRONG> uses <STRONG>tparm</STRONG> (3x) to perform the substitution.
110 If no parameters are given for the capability, <STRONG>tput</STRONG>
111 writes the string without performing the substitu-
114 <STRONG>-S</STRONG> allows more than one capability per invocation of
115 <STRONG>tput</STRONG>. The capabilities must be passed to <STRONG>tput</STRONG> from
116 the standard input instead of from the command line
117 (see example). Only one <EM>capname</EM> is allowed per
118 line. The <STRONG>-S</STRONG> option changes the meaning of the <STRONG>0</STRONG>
119 and <STRONG>1</STRONG> boolean and string exit codes (see the EXIT
122 Again, <STRONG>tput</STRONG> uses a table and the presence of param-
123 eters in its input to decide whether to use <STRONG>tparm</STRONG>
124 (3x), and how to interpret the parameters.
126 <STRONG>-V</STRONG> reports the version of ncurses which was used in
127 this program, and exits.
129 <STRONG>init</STRONG> If the <STRONG>terminfo</STRONG> database is present and an entry
130 for the user's terminal exists (see <STRONG>-T</STRONG><EM>type</EM>, above),
131 the following will occur:
133 (1) if present, the terminal's initialization
134 strings will be output as detailed in the
135 <STRONG><A HREF="terminfo.5.html">terminfo(5)</A></STRONG> section on <EM>Tabs</EM> <EM>and</EM> <EM>Initializa-</EM>
138 (2) any delays (e.g., newline) specified in the
139 entry will be set in the tty driver,
141 (3) tabs expansion will be turned on or off
142 according to the specification in the entry,
145 (4) if tabs are not expanded, standard tabs will
146 be set (every 8 spaces).
148 If an entry does not contain the information needed
149 for any of the four above activities, that activity
150 will silently be skipped.
152 <STRONG>reset</STRONG> Instead of putting out initialization strings, the
153 terminal's reset strings will be output if present
154 (<STRONG>rs1</STRONG>, <STRONG>rs2</STRONG>, <STRONG>rs3</STRONG>, <STRONG>rf</STRONG>). If the reset strings are not
155 present, but initialization strings are, the ini-
156 tialization strings will be output. Otherwise,
157 <STRONG>reset</STRONG> acts identically to <STRONG>init</STRONG>.
159 <STRONG>longname</STRONG>
160 If the <STRONG>terminfo</STRONG> database is present and an entry
161 for the user's terminal exists (see <STRONG>-T</STRONG><EM>type</EM> above),
162 then the long name of the terminal will be put out.
163 The long name is the last name in the first line of
164 the terminal's description in the <STRONG>terminfo</STRONG> database
165 [see <STRONG><A HREF="term.5.html">term(5)</A></STRONG>].
167 If <STRONG>tput</STRONG> is invoked by a link named <STRONG>reset</STRONG>, this has the
168 same effect as <STRONG>tput</STRONG> <STRONG>reset</STRONG>. See <STRONG>tset</STRONG> for comparison, which
169 has similar behavior.
172 </PRE><H2><a name="h2-EXAMPLES">EXAMPLES</a></H2><PRE>
173 <STRONG>tput</STRONG> <STRONG>init</STRONG>
174 Initialize the terminal according to the type of ter-
175 minal in the environmental variable <STRONG>TERM</STRONG>. This com-
176 mand should be included in everyone's .profile after
177 the environmental variable <STRONG>TERM</STRONG> has been exported, as
178 illustrated on the <STRONG>profile(5)</STRONG> manual page.
180 <STRONG>tput</STRONG> <STRONG>-T5620</STRONG> <STRONG>reset</STRONG>
181 Reset an AT&T 5620 terminal, overriding the type of
182 terminal in the environmental variable <STRONG>TERM</STRONG>.
184 <STRONG>tput</STRONG> <STRONG>cup</STRONG> <STRONG>0</STRONG> <STRONG>0</STRONG>
185 Send the sequence to move the cursor to row <STRONG>0</STRONG>, column
186 <STRONG>0</STRONG> (the upper left corner of the screen, usually known
187 as the "home" cursor position).
189 <STRONG>tput</STRONG> <STRONG>clear</STRONG>
190 Echo the clear-screen sequence for the current termi-
193 <STRONG>tput</STRONG> <STRONG>cols</STRONG>
194 Print the number of columns for the current terminal.
196 <STRONG>tput</STRONG> <STRONG>-T450</STRONG> <STRONG>cols</STRONG>
197 Print the number of columns for the 450 terminal.
199 <STRONG>bold=`tput</STRONG> <STRONG>smso`</STRONG> <STRONG>offbold=`tput</STRONG> <STRONG>rmso`</STRONG>
200 Set the shell variables <STRONG>bold</STRONG>, to begin stand-out mode
201 sequence, and <STRONG>offbold</STRONG>, to end standout mode sequence,
202 for the current terminal. This might be followed by
203 a prompt: <STRONG>echo</STRONG> <STRONG>"${bold}Please</STRONG> <STRONG>type</STRONG> <STRONG>in</STRONG> <STRONG>your</STRONG> <STRONG>name:</STRONG>
204 <STRONG>${offbold}\c"</STRONG>
206 <STRONG>tput</STRONG> <STRONG>hc</STRONG>
207 Set exit code to indicate if the current terminal is
208 a hard copy terminal.
210 <STRONG>tput</STRONG> <STRONG>cup</STRONG> <STRONG>23</STRONG> <STRONG>4</STRONG>
211 Send the sequence to move the cursor to row 23, col-
214 <STRONG>tput</STRONG> <STRONG>cup</STRONG>
215 Send the terminfo string for cursor-movement, with no
216 parameters substituted.
218 <STRONG>tput</STRONG> <STRONG>longname</STRONG>
219 Print the long name from the <STRONG>terminfo</STRONG> database for
220 the type of terminal specified in the environmental
221 variable <STRONG>TERM</STRONG>.
223 <STRONG>tput</STRONG> <STRONG>-S</STRONG> <STRONG><<!</STRONG>
224 <STRONG>></STRONG> <STRONG>clear</STRONG>
225 <STRONG>></STRONG> <STRONG>cup</STRONG> <STRONG>10</STRONG> <STRONG>10</STRONG>
226 <STRONG>></STRONG> <STRONG>bold</STRONG>
227 <STRONG>></STRONG> <STRONG>!</STRONG>
229 This example shows <STRONG>tput</STRONG> processing several capabili-
230 ties in one invocation. It clears the screen, moves
231 the cursor to position 10, 10 and turns on bold
232 (extra bright) mode. The list is terminated by an
233 exclamation mark (<STRONG>!</STRONG>) on a line by itself.
236 </PRE><H2><a name="h2-FILES">FILES</a></H2><PRE>
237 <STRONG>/usr/share/terminfo</STRONG>
238 compiled terminal description database
240 <STRONG>/usr/share/tabset/*</STRONG>
241 tab settings for some terminals, in a format appro-
242 priate to be output to the terminal (escape
243 sequences that set margins and tabs); for more
244 information, see the "Tabs and Initialization" sec-
245 tion of <STRONG><A HREF="terminfo.5.html">terminfo(5)</A></STRONG>
248 </PRE><H2><a name="h2-EXIT-CODES">EXIT CODES</a></H2><PRE>
249 If the <STRONG>-S</STRONG> option is used, <STRONG>tput</STRONG> checks for errors from each
250 line, and if any errors are found, will set the exit code
251 to 4 plus the number of lines with errors. If no errors
252 are found, the exit code is <STRONG>0</STRONG>. No indication of which
253 line failed can be given so exit code <STRONG>1</STRONG> will never appear.
254 Exit codes <STRONG>2</STRONG>, <STRONG>3</STRONG>, and <STRONG>4</STRONG> retain their usual interpretation.
255 If the <STRONG>-S</STRONG> option is not used, the exit code depends on the
256 type of <EM>capname</EM>:
259 a value of <STRONG>0</STRONG> is set for TRUE and <STRONG>1</STRONG> for FALSE.
261 <EM>string</EM> a value of <STRONG>0</STRONG> is set if the <EM>capname</EM> is defined
262 for this terminal <EM>type</EM> (the value of <EM>capname</EM>
263 is returned on standard output); a value of <STRONG>1</STRONG>
264 is set if <EM>capname</EM> is not defined for this ter-
265 minal <EM>type</EM> (nothing is written to standard
269 a value of <STRONG>0</STRONG> is always set, whether or not
270 <EM>capname</EM> is defined for this terminal <EM>type</EM>. To
271 determine if <EM>capname</EM> is defined for this ter-
272 minal <EM>type</EM>, the user must test the value writ-
273 ten to standard output. A value of <STRONG>-1</STRONG> means
274 that <EM>capname</EM> is not defined for this terminal
277 <EM>other</EM> <STRONG>reset</STRONG> or <STRONG>init</STRONG> may fail to find their respec-
278 tive files. In that case, the exit code is
279 set to 4 + <STRONG>errno</STRONG>.
281 Any other exit code indicates an error; see the DIAGNOS-
285 </PRE><H2><a name="h2-DIAGNOSTICS">DIAGNOSTICS</a></H2><PRE>
286 <STRONG>tput</STRONG> prints the following error messages and sets the cor-
287 responding exit codes.
289 exit code error message
290 ---------------------------------------------------------------------
291 <STRONG>0</STRONG> (<EM>capname</EM> is a numeric variable that is not specified in
292 the <STRONG><A HREF="terminfo.5.html">terminfo(5)</A></STRONG> database for this terminal type, e.g.
293 <STRONG>tput</STRONG> <STRONG>-T450</STRONG> <STRONG>lines</STRONG> and <STRONG>tput</STRONG> <STRONG>-T2621</STRONG> <STRONG>xmc</STRONG>)
294 <STRONG>1</STRONG> no error message is printed, see the <STRONG>EXIT</STRONG> <STRONG>CODES</STRONG> section.
295 <STRONG>2</STRONG> usage error
296 <STRONG>3</STRONG> unknown terminal <EM>type</EM> or no <STRONG>terminfo</STRONG> database
297 <STRONG>4</STRONG> unknown <STRONG>terminfo</STRONG> capability <EM>capname</EM>
298 <STRONG>>4</STRONG> error occurred in -S
299 ---------------------------------------------------------------------
302 </PRE><H2><a name="h2-PORTABILITY">PORTABILITY</a></H2><PRE>
303 The <STRONG>longname</STRONG> and <STRONG>-S</STRONG> options, and the parameter-substitu-
304 tion features used in the <STRONG>cup</STRONG> example, are not supported
305 in BSD curses or in AT&T/USL curses before SVr4.
307 X/Open documents only the operands for <STRONG>clear</STRONG>, <STRONG>init</STRONG> and
308 <STRONG>reset</STRONG>. In this implementation, <STRONG>clear</STRONG> is part of the <EM>cap-</EM>
309 <EM>name</EM> support. Other implementations of <STRONG>tput</STRONG> on SVr4-based
310 systems such as Solaris, IRIX64 and HPUX as well as others
311 such as AIX and Tru64 provide support for <EM>capname</EM> oper-
314 A few platforms such as FreeBSD and NetBSD recognize term-
315 cap names rather than terminfo capability names in their
316 respective <STRONG>tput</STRONG> commands.
318 Most implementations which provide support for <EM>capname</EM> op-
319 erands use the <EM>tparm</EM> function to expand parameters in it.
320 That function expects a mixture of numeric and string
321 parameters, requiring <STRONG>tput</STRONG> to know which type to use.
322 This implementation uses a table to determine that for the
323 standard <EM>capname</EM> operands, and an internal library func-
324 tion to analyze nonstandard <EM>capname</EM> operands. Other
325 implementations may simply guess that an operand contain-
326 ing only digits is intended to be a number.
329 </PRE><H2><a name="h2-SEE-ALSO">SEE ALSO</a></H2><PRE>
330 <STRONG><A HREF="clear.1.html">clear(1)</A></STRONG>, <STRONG>stty(1)</STRONG>, <STRONG><A HREF="tabs.1.html">tabs(1)</A></STRONG>, <STRONG><A HREF="terminfo.5.html">terminfo(5)</A></STRONG>, <STRONG><A HREF="curs_termcap.3x.html">curs_termcap(3x)</A></STRONG>.
332 This describes <STRONG>ncurses</STRONG> version 6.0 (patch 20160130).
336 <STRONG><A HREF="tput.1.html">tput(1)</A></STRONG>
340 <li><a href="#h2-NAME">NAME</a></li>
341 <li><a href="#h2-SYNOPSIS">SYNOPSIS</a></li>
342 <li><a href="#h2-DESCRIPTION">DESCRIPTION</a></li>
343 <li><a href="#h2-EXAMPLES">EXAMPLES</a></li>
344 <li><a href="#h2-FILES">FILES</a></li>
345 <li><a href="#h2-EXIT-CODES">EXIT CODES</a></li>
346 <li><a href="#h2-DIAGNOSTICS">DIAGNOSTICS</a></li>
347 <li><a href="#h2-PORTABILITY">PORTABILITY</a></li>
348 <li><a href="#h2-SEE-ALSO">SEE ALSO</a></li>