curs_mouse(3x) Library calls curs_mouse(3x)
has_mouse, getmouse, ungetmouse, mousemask, wenclose, mouse_trafo,
wmouse_trafo, mouseinterval - get mouse events in curses
#include <curses.h>
typedef unsigned long mmask_t;
typedef struct {
short id; /* ID to distinguish multiple devices */
int x, y, z; /* event coordinates */
mmask_t bstate; /* button state bits */
} MEVENT;
bool has_mouse(void);
int getmouse(MEVENT *event);
int ungetmouse(MEVENT *event);
mmask_t mousemask(mmask_t newmask, mmask_t *oldmask);
bool wenclose(const WINDOW *win, int y, int x);
bool mouse_trafo(int* pY, int* pX, bool to_screen);
bool wmouse_trafo(const WINDOW* win,
int* pY, int* pX, bool to_screen);
int mouseinterval(int erval);
These functions provide an interface to mouse events from ncurses(3x).
Mouse events are represented by KEY_MOUSE pseudo-key values in the
wgetch(3x) input stream.
To make mouse events visible, use the mousemask function. This sets
the mouse events to be reported. By default, no mouse events are
reported.
o The function returns an updated copy of newmask to indicate which
of the specified mouse events can be reported.
If the screen has not been initialized, or if the terminal does not
support mouse-events, this function returns 0.
o If oldmask is non-NULL, this function fills the indicated location
with the previous value of the current screen's mouse event mask.
As a side effect, setting a zero mousemask may turn off the mouse
pointer; setting a nonzero mask may turn it on. Whether this happens
is device-dependent.
Here are the mouse event type masks which may be defined:
Name Description
------------------------------------------------------------------------
BUTTON1_PRESSED mouse button 1 down
BUTTON1_RELEASED mouse button 1 up
BUTTON1_CLICKED mouse button 1 clicked
BUTTON1_DOUBLE_CLICKED mouse button 1 double clicked
BUTTON1_TRIPLE_CLICKED mouse button 1 triple clicked
------------------------------------------------------------------------
BUTTON2_PRESSED mouse button 2 down
BUTTON2_RELEASED mouse button 2 up
BUTTON2_CLICKED mouse button 2 clicked
BUTTON2_DOUBLE_CLICKED mouse button 2 double clicked
BUTTON2_TRIPLE_CLICKED mouse button 2 triple clicked
------------------------------------------------------------------------
BUTTON3_PRESSED mouse button 3 down
BUTTON3_RELEASED mouse button 3 up
BUTTON3_CLICKED mouse button 3 clicked
BUTTON3_DOUBLE_CLICKED mouse button 3 double clicked
BUTTON3_TRIPLE_CLICKED mouse button 3 triple clicked
------------------------------------------------------------------------
BUTTON4_PRESSED mouse button 4 down
BUTTON4_RELEASED mouse button 4 up
BUTTON4_CLICKED mouse button 4 clicked
BUTTON4_DOUBLE_CLICKED mouse button 4 double clicked
BUTTON4_TRIPLE_CLICKED mouse button 4 triple clicked
------------------------------------------------------------------------
BUTTON5_PRESSED mouse button 5 down
BUTTON5_RELEASED mouse button 5 up
BUTTON5_CLICKED mouse button 5 clicked
BUTTON5_DOUBLE_CLICKED mouse button 5 double clicked
BUTTON5_TRIPLE_CLICKED mouse button 5 triple clicked
------------------------------------------------------------------------
BUTTON_SHIFT shift was down during button state change
BUTTON_CTRL control was down during button state change
BUTTON_ALT alt was down during button state change
ALL_MOUSE_EVENTS report all button state changes
REPORT_MOUSE_POSITION report mouse movement
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Once a class of mouse events has been made visible in a window, calling
the wgetch function on that window may return KEY_MOUSE as an indicator
that a mouse event has been queued. To read the event data and pop the
event off the queue, call getmouse. This function will return OK if a
mouse event is actually visible in the given window, ERR otherwise.
When getmouse returns OK, the data deposited as y and x in the event
structure coordinates will be screen-relative character-cell
coordinates. The returned state mask will have exactly one bit set to
indicate the event type. The corresponding data in the queue is marked
invalid. A subsequent call to getmouse will retrieve the next older
item from the queue.
The ungetmouse function behaves analogously to ungetch. It pushes a
KEY_MOUSE event onto the input queue, and associates with that event
the given state data and screen-relative character-cell coordinates.
The wenclose function tests whether a given pair of screen-relative
character-cell coordinates is enclosed by a given window, returning
TRUE if it is and FALSE otherwise. It is useful for determining what
subset of the screen windows enclose the location of a mouse event.
The wmouse_trafo function transforms a given pair of coordinates from
stdscr-relative coordinates to coordinates relative to the given window
or vice versa. The resulting stdscr-relative coordinates are not
always identical to window-relative coordinates due to the mechanism to
reserve lines on top or bottom of the screen for other purposes (see
the ripoffline and slk_init(3x) calls, for example).
o If the parameter to_screen is TRUE, the pointers pY, pX must
reference the coordinates of a location inside the window win.
They are converted to window-relative coordinates and returned
through the pointers. If the conversion was successful, the
function returns TRUE.
o If one of the parameters was NULL or the location is not inside the
window, FALSE is returned.
o If to_screen is FALSE, the pointers pY, pX must reference window-
relative coordinates. They are converted to stdscr-relative
coordinates if the window win encloses this point. In this case
the function returns TRUE.
o If one of the parameters is NULL or the point is not inside the
window, FALSE is returned. The referenced coordinates are only
replaced by the converted coordinates if the transformation was
successful.
The mouse_trafo function performs the same translation as wmouse_trafo,
using stdscr for win.
The mouseinterval function sets the maximum time (in thousands of a
second) that can elapse between press and release events for them to be
recognized as a click. Use mouseinterval(0) to disable click
resolution. This function returns the previous interval value. Use
mouseinterval(-1) to obtain the interval without altering it. The
default is one sixth of a second.
The has_mouse function returns TRUE if the mouse driver has been
successfully initialized, and FALSE otherwise.
Note that mouse events will be ignored when input is in cooked mode,
and will cause an error beep when cooked mode is being simulated in a
window by a function such as getstr that expects a linefeed for input-
loop termination.
has_mouse, wenclose, mouse_trafo, and wmouse_trafo return TRUE or FALSE
as noted above.
getmouse and ungetmouse return ERR upon failure and OK upon success.
getmouse fails if:
o no mouse driver was initialized,
o the mask of reportable events is zero,
o a mouse event was detected that does not match the mask,
o or if no more events remain in the queue.
ungetmouse returns an error if the event queue is full.
mousemask returns the mask of reportable events.
mouseinterval returns the previous interval value, unless the terminal
was not initialized. In that case, it returns the maximum interval
value (166).
The order of the MEVENT structure members is not guaranteed.
Additional fields may be added to the structure in the future.
Under ncurses, these calls are implemented using either xterm's built-
in mouse-tracking API or platform-specific drivers including
o Alessandro Rubini's gpm server
o FreeBSD sysmouse
o OS/2 EMX
If you are using an unsupported configuration, mouse events will not be
visible to ncurses (and the mousemask function will always return 0).
If the terminfo entry contains a XM string, this is used in the xterm
mouse driver to control the way the terminal is initialized for mouse
operation. The default, if XM is not found, corresponds to private
mode 1000 of xterm:
\E[?1000%?%p1%{1}%=%th%el%;
The mouse driver also recognizes a newer xterm private mode 1006, e.g.,
\E[?1006;1000%?%p1%{1}%=%th%el%;
The z member in the event structure is not presently used. It is
intended for use with touch screens (which may be pressure-sensitive)
or with 3D-mice/trackballs/power gloves.
The ALL_MOUSE_EVENTS class does not include REPORT_MOUSE_POSITION.
They are distinct. For example, in xterm, wheel/scrolling mice send
position reports as a sequence of presses of buttons 4 or 5 without
matching button-releases.
These functions were designed for ncurses(3x), and are not found in
SVr4 curses, 4.4BSD curses, or any other previous curses
implementation. (SVr4 curses did have a getmouse function, which took
no argument and returned a different type.)
Applications employing the ncurses mouse extension should condition its
use on the visibility of the NCURSES_MOUSE_VERSION preprocessor macro.
When the interface changes, the macro's value increments. Multiple
versions are available when ncurses is configured; see section
"ALTERNATE CONFIGURATIONS" of ncurses(3x). The following values may be
specified.
1 has definitions for reserved events. The mask uses 28 bits.
2 adds definitions for button 5, removes the definitions for
reserved events. The mask uses 29 bits.
SVr4 curses had support for the mouse in a variant of xterm(1). It is
mentioned in a few places, with little supporting documentation.
o Its "libcurses" manual page lists functions for this feature
prototyped in curses.h.
extern int mouse_set(long int);
extern int mouse_on(long int);
extern int mouse_off(long int);
extern int request_mouse_pos(void);
extern int map_button(unsigned long);
extern void wmouse_position(WINDOW *, int *, int *);
extern unsigned long getmouse(void), getbmap(void);
o Its "terminfo" manual page lists capabilities for the feature.
buttons btns BT Number of buttons on the mouse
get_mouse getm Gm Curses should get button events
key_mouse kmous Km 0631, Mouse event has occurred
mouse_info minfo Mi Mouse status information
req_mouse_pos reqmp RQ Request mouse position report
o The interface made assumptions (as does ncurses) about the escape
sequences sent to and received from the terminal.
For instance, the SVr4 curses library used the get_mouse capability
to tell the terminal which mouse button events it should send,
passing the mouse-button bit mask to the terminal. Also, it could
ask the terminal where the mouse was using the req_mouse_pos
capability.
Those features required a terminal program that had been modified
to work with SVr4 curses. They were not part of the X Consortium's
xterm.
When developing the xterm mouse support for ncurses in September 1995,
Eric Raymond was uninterested in using the same interface due to its
lack of documentation. Later, in 1998, Mark Hesseling provided support
in PDCurses 2.3 using the SVr4 interface. PDCurses, however, does not
use video terminals, making it unnecessary to be concerned about
compatibility with the escape sequences.
Mouse events from xterm are not ignored in cooked mode if they have
been enabled by mousemask. Instead, the xterm mouse report sequence
appears in the string read.
Mouse event reports from xterm are not detected correctly in a window
with keypad application mode disabled, since they are interpreted as a
variety of function key. Set the terminal's terminfo capability kmous
to "\E[M" (the beginning of the response from xterm for mouse clicks).
Other values of kmous are permitted under the same assumption, that is,
the report begins with that sequence.
Because there are no standard response sequences that serve to identify
terminals supporting the xterm mouse protocol, ncurses assumes that if
kmous is defined in the terminal description, or if the terminal type's
primary name or aliases contain the string "xterm", then the terminal
may send mouse events. The kmous capability is checked first, allowing
use of newer xterm mouse protocols, such as its private mode 1006.
curses(3x), curs_inopts(3x), curs_kernel(3x), curs_slk(3x),
curs_variables(3x)
ncurses 6.4 2024-01-13 curs_mouse(3x)