- Announcing ncurses 6.0
+ Announcing ncurses 6.1
Overview
curses in System V Release 4.0 (SVr4), and more. It uses terminfo
format, supports pads and color and multiple highlights and forms
characters and function-key mapping, and has all the other SVr4-curses
- enhancements over BSD curses. SVr4 curses is better known today as
- X/Open Curses.
+ enhancements over BSD curses. SVr4 curses became the basis of X/Open
+ Curses.
In mid-June 1995, the maintainer of 4.4BSD curses declared that he
considered 4.4BSD curses obsolete, and encouraged the keepers of unix
Full manual pages are provided for the library and tools.
- The ncurses distribution is available via anonymous FTP at the GNU
- distribution site
+ The ncurses distribution is available at ncurses' [9]homepage:
- [9]ftp://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/ncurses/ .
+ [10]ftp://ftp.invisible-island.net/ncurses/ or
+ [11]https://invisible-mirror.net/archives/ncurses/ .
- It is also available at
+ It is also available via anonymous FTP at the GNU distribution site
- [10]ftp://invisible-island.net/ncurses/ .
+ [12]ftp://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/ncurses/ .
Release Notes
- These notes are for ncurses 6.0, released August 8, 2015.
+ These notes are for ncurses 6.1, released January 27, 2018.
This release is designed to be source-compatible with ncurses 5.0
- through 5.9; providing a new application binary interface (ABI).
- Although the source can still be configured to support the ncurses 5
- ABI, the intent of the release is to provide extensions which are
- generally useful, but binary-incompatible with ncurses 5:
- * Extend the cchar_t structure to allow more than 16 colors to be
- encoded.
- * Modify the encoding of mouse state to make room for a 5th mouse
- button. That allows one to use ncurses with a wheel mouse with
- xterm or similar X terminal emulators.
-
- There are, of course, numerous other improvements, including
- * fixes made based on the Clang and Coverity static analyzers.
- * memory leak fixes using Valgrind
-
- The release notes mention some bug-fixes, but are focused on new
- features and improvements to existing features log since ncurses 5.9
+ through 6.0; providing extensions to the application binary interface
+ (ABI). Although the source can still be configured to support the
+ ncurses 5 ABI, the intent of the release is to provide extensions to
+ the ncurses 6 ABI:
+ * improve integration of tput and tset
+ * provide support for extended numeric capabilities.
+
+ There are, of course, numerous other improvements, listed in this
+ announcement.
+
+ The release notes also mention some bug-fixes, but are focused on new
+ features and improvements to existing features since ncurses 6.0
release.
- While the intent of the release is to provide a new stable ABI, there
- are other development activities which are summarized below.
- * The original release plan, e.g., for "5.10" was to improve the
- MinGW port. Ultimately that was completed (wide-character support,
- mouse, etc), but was deferred to focus on termcap support and
- performance issues. Also, pinpointing the problems with Console2
- took a while.
- * A review of termcap compatibility in 2011 led to several minor
- fixes in the library and improvements to utilities. To do this
- properly, a review of the various extent termcap implementations
- was needed.
- The [11]termcap library checker (tctest) (not part of ncurses) was
- one result. A followup review of performance using
- [12]ncurses-examples in 2014 led to additional improvements.
- * Output buffering provided a further, but worthwhile distraction. A
- bug report in 2012 regarding the use of signal handlers in
- ncurses) pointed out [13]a problem with the use of unsafe
- functions for handling SIGTSTP. Other signals could be addressed
- with workarounds; repairing SIGTSTP required a different approach.
- The solution required changing internal behavior of the library:
- how it handles output buffering.
- Now ncurses buffers its own output, independently of the standard
- output. A few applications relied upon the library's direct reuse
- of the standard output buffering; however that is unspecified
- behavior and has never been a recommended practice. Identifying
- these applications as well as refining the change to permit
- low-level applications to work consistently took time.
- * Since the introduction of the experimental support for 256 colors
- early in [14]2005 (released in [15]ncurses 5.5), there has been
- increased user interest. Almost all packagers continue providing
- the ncurses ABI 5 which cannot support 256 colors.
- * Symbol versioning, or the lack of it in ncurses, is the main
- reason why packagers would be reluctant to add a new ncurses ABI.
- This release provides the new ABI along with script-generated
- lists of versioned symbols which can be used for both ABI 5 and 6
- (with distinct names to keep the two separate). This took time to
- development, as reported in [16]Symbol versioning in ncurses.
-
Library improvements
- Output buffering
-
- X/Open curses provides more than one initialization function:
- * [17]initscr (the simplest) accepts no parameters.
- * [18]newterm accepts parameters for the stream input and output
- * [19]setupterm (the low-level function) accepts a parameter for the
- file descriptor of the output.
-
- They are documented in X/Open as if initscr calls newterm using stdout
- for output stream, and in turn newterm calls setupterm using
- fileno(stdout) for the file descriptor. As long as an implementation
- acts as if it does this, it conforms. In practice, implementations do
- what is implied. This creates a problem: the low-level setupterm
- function's file descriptor is unbuffered, while newterm implies
- buffered output. X/Open Curses says that all output is done through
- the file descriptor, and does not say how the output stream is
- actually used.
-
- Initially, ncurses used the file descriptor (obtained from the output
- stream passed to newterm) for changing the terminal modes, and relied
- upon the output parameter of newterm for buffered output. Later (to
- avoid using unsafe buffered I/O in signal handlers), ncurses was
- modified to use the file descriptor (unbuffered output) when cleaning
- up on receipt of a signal. Otherwise (when not handling a signal), it
- continued to use the buffered output.
-
- That approach worked reasonably well and as a side effect, using the
- same buffered output as an application might use for printf meant that
- no flushing was needed when switching between normal- and
- screen-modes.
-
- There were a couple of problems:
- * to get good performance, curses (not only ncurses, but SVr4 curses
- in general) set an output buffer using setbuf or similar function.
- There is no standard (or portable) way to turn that output buffer
- off, and revert to line-buffering. The [20]NCURSES_NO_SETBUF
- environment variable did make it optional.
- * to handle SIGTSTP (the "stop" signal), ncurses relied upon unsafe
- functions. That is, due to the complexity of the feature, it
- relied upon reusing existing functions which should not have been
- called via the signal handler.
-
- Conveniently, solving the second problem (by making ncurses do its own
- output buffering) also fixed the first one. But there were special
- cases to resolve: [21]low-level functions such as mvcur, putp, vidattr
- explicitly use the standard output. Those functions were reused
- internally, and required modification to distinguish whether they were
- used by the high-level or low-level interfaces.
-
- Finally, there may still be a few programs which should be modified to
- improve their portability, e.g., adding an
-
-fflush(stdout);
-
- when switching from "[22]shell" mode to "[23]program" (curses) mode.
- Those are fairly rare because most programmers have learned not to mix
- printf and [24]printw.
-
- Symbol versioning
-
- This release introduces symbol-versioning to ncurses because without
- it, the change of ABI would be less successful. A lengthy discussion
- will be presented in [25]Symbol versioning in ncurses. These notes
- summarize what has changed, and what can be done with the new release.
-
- Symbol-versioning allows the developers of a library to mark each
- public symbol (both data and functions) with an identifier denoting
- the library name and the version for which it was built. By doing
- this, users of the library have a way to help ensure that applications
- do not accidentally load an incompatible library. In addition, private
- symbols can be hidden entirely.
-
- This release provides sample files for the four principal
- configurations of ncurses libraries: ncurses, ncursesw, ncursest and
- ncursestw. Each sample is given in two forms:
-
- ".map"
- These list all public symbols, together with version names.
-
- ".sym"
- These list all public symbols, without version names.
-
- The sample files are generated by scripts which take into account a
- few special cases such as [26]tack to omit many of the ncurses private
- symbols (beginning with "_nc_"). Here are counts of globals versus
- locals:
-
- Config Symbols Globals Locals "_nc_"
- ncurses 976 796 180 332
- ncursesw 1089 905 184 343
- ncursest 979 804 175 358
- ncursestw 1098 914 184 372
-
- Although only four sample configurations are presented, each is formed
- by merging symbols from several combinations of configure-script
- options, taking into account advice from downstream packagers. Because
- they are formed by merging, the sample files may list a symbol which
- is not in a given package. That is expected. The samples have been
- tested and are working with systems (such as Fedora, FreeBSD and
- Debian) which fully support this feature. There are other systems
- which do not support the feature, and a few (such as Solaris) which
- provide incomplete support.
-
- The version-naming convention used allows these sample files to build
- distinct libraries for ABI 5 and 6. Version names consist of
- * configuration name, e.g., "NCURSESW" for the wide-character
- libraries
- * ABI version (if not 5)
- * library name for two special cases which have the same interface
- across configurations: "TINFO" and "TIC"
- * release version
- * patch date (for the release version)
-
- For example, running nm -D on the libraries in the ncurses6 test
- package shows these symbol-versions:
-
-0000000000000000 A NCURSES6_TIC_5.0.19991023
-0000000000000000 A NCURSES6_TIC_5.1.20000708
-0000000000000000 A NCURSES6_TIC_5.5.20051010
-0000000000000000 A NCURSES6_TIC_5.7.20081102
-0000000000000000 A NCURSES6_TIC_5.9.20150530
-0000000000000000 A NCURSES6_TINFO_5.0.19991023
-0000000000000000 A NCURSES6_TINFO_5.1.20000708
-0000000000000000 A NCURSES6_TINFO_5.2.20001021
-0000000000000000 A NCURSES6_TINFO_5.3.20021019
-0000000000000000 A NCURSES6_TINFO_5.4.20040208
-0000000000000000 A NCURSES6_TINFO_5.5.20051010
-0000000000000000 A NCURSES6_TINFO_5.6.20061217
-0000000000000000 A NCURSES6_TINFO_5.7.20081102
-0000000000000000 A NCURSES6_TINFO_5.8.20110226
-0000000000000000 A NCURSES6_TINFO_5.9.20150530
-0000000000000000 A NCURSESW6_5.1.20000708
-0000000000000000 A NCURSESW6_5.3.20021019
-0000000000000000 A NCURSESW6_5.4.20040208
-0000000000000000 A NCURSESW6_5.5.20051010
-0000000000000000 A NCURSESW6_5.6.20061217
-0000000000000000 A NCURSESW6_5.7.20081102
-0000000000000000 A NCURSESW6_5.8.20110226
-0000000000000000 A NCURSESW6_5.9.20150530
-
- As a special case, this release (which makes the final change for ABI
- 5) is marked with release version 5.9 and patch date 20150530.
-
- Miscellaneous
-
- The new release has several improvements for performance and building.
- For instance:
- * several files in ncurses- and progs-directories were modified to
- allow const data used in internal tables to be put by the linker
- into the readonly text segment.
- * various improvements were made to building the Ada95 binding, both
- in simplifying the generated files as well as improving the way it
- uses gnatmake
-
- There are also new features in the libraries:
- * added [27]use_tioctl function
- * added [28]wgetdelay to retrieve _delay member of WINDOW if it
- happens to be opaque, e.g., in the pthread configuration.
- * added [29]A_ITALIC extension.
- * added form library extension [30]O_DYNAMIC_JUSTIFY option which
- can be used to override the different treatment of justification
- for static versus dynamic fields .
- * rewrote [31]putwin and [32]getwin, making an extended version
- which is capable of reading screen-dumps between the wide/normal
- ncurses configurations. These are text files, except for a magic
- code at the beginning:
-
-0 string \210\210 Screen-dump (ncurses)
-
- * several changes to mouse support include:
- + added decoder for xterm SGR 1006 mouse mode.
- + added experimental support for "%u" format to terminfo.
- + improved behavior of wheel-mice for xterm protocol: noting
- that there are only button-presses for buttons "4" and "5",
- so there is no need to wait to combine events into
- double-clicks .
-
- There are a few new configure options dealing with library
- customization:
- * add "--enable-ext-putwin" configure option to turn on the extended
- putwin/getwin. By default, this is enabled for ABI 6 and disabled
- with ABI 5.
- * add "--enable-string-hacks" option to control whether strlcat and
- strlcpy may be used. Because ncurses already does the requisite
- buffer-limit checks, this feature is mainly of interest to quiet
- compiler-warnings on a few systems.
- * add configure option "--with-tparm-arg" to allow [33]tparm's
- parameters to be something more likely to be the same size as a
- pointer, e.g., intptr_t (again, the default is set for ABI 6).
+ New features
+
+ The improved integration of tput and tset made only small changes to
+ the libraries. However, supporting extended numeric capabilities
+ required a few changes:
+ * The TERMINAL structure in <term.h> is now opaque. Doing that
+ allowed making the structure larger, to hold the extended numeric
+ data.
+ A few applications required changes during development of
+ ncurses 6.1 because those applications misused the members of that
+ structure, e.g., directly modifying it rather than using
+ [13]def_prog_mode.
+ * Having made TERMINAL opaque (and because none of the library
+ functions use anything except a pointer to TERMINAL), it was
+ possible to increase the size of the structure, adding to the end.
+ Existing applications which were linked to the ncurses 6.0
+ high-level (ncurses, ncursesw) and low-level (tinfo, tinfo)
+ libraries should not require re-linking since the binary interface
+ did not change, nor did the structure offsets with TERMINAL
+ change.
+ A few applications use the inner TERMTYPE structure's offsets to
+ refer to terminfo capabilities within that structure. Again, those
+ do not require modification because their offsets within TERMINAL
+ did not change.
+ * When configured for wide-characters, i.e., "ncursesw" the TERMINAL
+ structure is extended.
+ The new data in TERMINAL holds the same information as TERMTYPE,
+ but with larger numbers ("int" versus "short"). It is named
+ TERMTYPE2.
+ The library uses this structure internally in preference to
+ TERMTYPE, referring to TERMTYPE only to initialize it for
+ applications that use the capabilities defined in <term.h>
+ * When configured for 8-bit (narrow) characters, the TERMTYPE2
+ structure is not used.
+ * The updated application binary interface is 6.1.20171230 (used for
+ new [14]versioned symbols), although the interface changes were
+ developed several months previously.
+
+ The motivation for making this extension came from noticing that
+ [15]termcap applications could (though not [16]realistically) use
+ larger numbers than would fit in 16-bits, and the fact that the number
+ of color pairs for a 256-color xterm could not be expressed in
+ terminfo (i.e., 32767 versus 65536). Also, a few terminals support
+ direct-colors, which could use the extension.
+
+ Generally speaking, applications that use internal details of a
+ library are unsupported. There was exactly one exception for ncurses:
+ the tack program used the internal details of TERMINAL, because it
+ provides an ncurses-specific feature for interactively modifying a
+ terminfo description and writing the updated description to a
+ text-file. It was possible to not only separate tack from these
+ [17]internal details of ncurses, but to generalize it so that the
+ program works with Unix curses (omitting the ncurses-specific
+ feature). That was released as [18]tack 1.08 in July 2017.
+
+ While making changes to tack to eliminate its dependency upon ncurses
+ internals, the publicly-visible details of those internals were
+ reviewed, and some symbols were moved to private header files, while
+ others were marked explicitly as ncurses internals. Future releases of
+ ncurses may eliminate some of those symbols (such as those used by
+ tack 1.07) because they are neither part of the API or the ABI.
+
+ Using the TERMTYPE2 extended numeric capabilities, it is possible to
+ support both color pair values and color values past 32767. Taking
+ compatibility into account, developers readily understand that neither
+ function signatures nor structure offsets change. Also, existing
+ functions have to operate with the extended numbers. Most of that work
+ is internal to the library. For the external interfaces, a hybrid
+ approach was used:
+ * X/Open Curses defined function prototypes such as wattr_set with
+ an unused parameter, for "future" use. After 25 years, the future
+ is here: ncurses uses the parameter to augment color pair values
+ as described in the [19]manual page.
+ * Other functions such as those defining color pairs did not have a
+ corresponding reserved parameter. For those, ncurses defines
+ extended versions such as init_extended_pair (versus init_pair),
+ init_extended_color (versus init_color).
+
+ Additionally, to improve performance other changes (and extensions)
+ are provided in this release:
+ * Several new functions simplify management of large sets of color
+ pairs: reset_color_pairs, alloc_pair, find_pair and free_pair.
+ * New "RGB" extension capability for direct-color support is used to
+ improve performance of color_content.
+ * The internal colorpair_t is now a struct, eliminating an internal
+ 8-bit limit on colors
+ * Allocation for SCREEN's color-pair table starts small, grows on
+ demand up to the limit given in the terminal description.
+ * setcchar and getcchar now treat a negative color-pair as an error.
+
+ Other improvements
+
+ These are new or revised features:
+ * modify c++/etip.h.in to accommodate deprecation of throw and
+ throws in c++17
+ * add new function unfocus_current_field
+ * add option to preserve leading whitespace in form fields
+ * add a macro for is_linetouched and adjust the function's return
+ value to make it possible for most applications to check for an
+ error-return.
+ * add build-time utility report_offsets to help show when the
+ various configurations of tinfo library are compatible or not.
+
+ These were done to limit or ultimately deprecate features:
+ * drop two symbols obsoleted in 2004: _nc_check_termtype, and
+ _nc_resolve_uses
+ * move _nc_tracebits, _tracedump and _tracemouse to curses.priv.h,
+ since they are not part of the suggested ABI6.
+ * mark some structs in form/menu/panel libraries as potentially
+ opaque without modifying API/ABI.
+ * ifdef'd header-file definition of mouse_trafo with
+ NCURSES_NOMACROS
+ * remove initialization-check for calling napms in the term-driver
+ configuration; none is needed.
+ * modify trace to avoid overwriting existing file
+
+ These are improvements to existing features:
+ * modify make_hash to allow building with address-sanitizer,
+ assuming that --disable-leaks is configured.
+ * move SCREEN field for use_tioctl data before the ncursesw fields,
+ and limit that to the sp-funcs configuration to improve termlib
+ compatibility
+ * modify db-iterator:
+ + ignore zero-length files in db-iterator; these are useful for
+ instance to suppress $HOME/.terminfo when not wanted.
+ + modify update_getenv to ensure that environment variables
+ which are not initially set will be checked later if an
+ application happens to set them
+ * modify _nc_outc_wrapper to use the standard output if the screen
+ was not initialized, rather than returning an error.
+ * improve checks for low-level terminfo functions when the terminal
+ has not been initialized.
+ * modify set_curterm to update ttytype[] data used by longname/p>
+ * modify _nc_get_screensize to allow for use_env and use_tioctl
+ state to be per-screen when sp-funcs are configured, better
+ matching the behavior when using the term-driver configuration.
+ * remove an early-return from _nc_do_color, which can interfere with
+ data needed by bkgd when ncurses is configured with extended
+ colors
+ * incorporate A_COLOR mask into COLOR_PAIR, in case user application
+ provides an out-of-range pair number
+ * modify logic for endwin-state to be able to detect the case where
+ the screen was never initialized, using that to trigger a flush of
+ ncurses' buffer for mvcur, e.g., in the sample program dots_mvcur
+ for the term-driver configuration.
+
+ These are corrections to existing features:
+ * fixes for writing extended color pairs in putwin.
+ * modify no-leaks code for lib_cur_term.c to account for the tgetent
+ cache.
+ * amend handling of the repeat_char capability in EmitRange to avoid
+ scope creep: translate the character to the alternate character
+ set when the alternate character set is enabled, and do not use
+ repeat_char for characters past 255.
+ * improve wide-character implementation of myADDNSTR in
+ frm_driver.c, which was inconsistent with the normal
+ implementation.
+ * modify winnstr and winchnstr to return error if the output pointer
+ is null, as well as adding a null pointer check of the window
+ pointer for better compatibility with other implementations.
+ * modify setupterm to save original tty-modes so that erasechar
+ works as expected. Also modify _nc_setupscreen to avoid redundant
+ calls to get original tty-modes.
+ * modify wattr_set and wattr_get to return ERR if win-parameter is
+ null, as documented.
+ * correct order of initialization for traces in use_env and
+ use_tioctl versus first _tracef calls.
+ * correct parameters for copywin call in _nc_Synchronize_Attributes
+ * flush the standard output in _nc_flush for the case where SP is
+ zero, e.g., when called via putp. This fixes a scenario where
+ "tput flash" did not work after changes in 20130112.
+ * amend internal use of tputs to consistently use the number of
+ lines affected, e.g., for insert/delete character operations.
+ While merging terminfo source early in 1995, several descriptions
+ used the "*" proportional delay for these operations, prompting a
+ change in doupdate.
+ * correct return-value of extended putwin.
+ * double-width multibyte characters were not counted properly in
+ winsnstr and wins_nwstr.
+ * amend fix for _nc_ripoffline from 20091031 to make test/ditto.c
+ work in threaded configuration.
+ * modify _nc_viscbuf2 and _tracecchar_t2 to trace wide-characters as
+ a whole rather than their multibyte equivalents.
+ * minor fix in wadd_wchnstr to ensure that each cell has nonzero
+ width.
+ * move PUTC_INIT calls next to wcrtomb calls, to avoid carry-over of
+ error status when processing Unicode values which are not mapped.
+ * add missing assignment in lib_getch.c to make notimeout work
Program improvements
- Utilities
-
- Most of the termcap-related changes based on development of [34]tctest
- (termcap library checker) are implemented in the tic and infocmp
- programs rather than affecting the library. As noted in the
- [35]discussion of tctest, ncurses's ability to translate between
- terminfo and termcap formats has been improved at different times, but
- subject to feedback from "real" termcap users. There are very few of
- those. Nowadays, virtually all termcap users are using ncurses (or
- NetBSD, with its own terminfo library) and their programs are actually
- using terminfo rather than termcap data.
-
- Still, there are a few. A comment about the translation of the ASCII
- NUL character prompted a review:
- * Both terminfo and termcap store string capabilities as
- NUL-terminated strings.
- * In terminfo, a \0 in a terminal description is stored as \200.
- * There are no (known) terminals which would behave differently when
- sent \0 or \200.
- * When translating to terminfo format (or displaying a printable
- version of an entry using infocmp), ncurses shows \200 as \0.
- * It has done this since 1998 (quoting from the NEWS file):
-
-[36]980103
-...
- + modify _nc_tic_expand() to generate \0 rather than \200.
-...
- + correct translation of terminfo "^@", to \200, like \0.
-
- * However, the _nc_tic_expand function (which optionally produces
- terminfo or termcap format) did not address this special case for
- termcap. Even the later 4.4BSD [37]cgetstr interprets a \0
- literally, ending that string (rather than using the terminfo
- improvement).
-
- As a result of the review, several improvements were made to ncurses
- translation to/from termcap format -- and improving the checks made in
- tic for consistency of entries. Most of these are not of general
- interest, except for two new command-line options for tic and infocmp:
- * the "-0" option generates termcap/terminfo source on a single
- line.
- * the "-K" option provides stricter BSD-compatibility for termcap
- output.
+ While reviewing user feedback, it became apparent that the differences
+ between [20]reset (an alias for tset) and "tput reset" were confusing:
+ * one ([21]tset) updated the terminal modes, but used only part of
+ the terminfo capabilities for initialization, while
+ * the other ([22]tput) used all of the terminal capabilities while
+ neglecting the terminal modes.
+
+ On further investigation, it turned out that the differences were
+ largely an accident due to the way those programs had evolved.
+
+ This release eliminates the unnecessary differences, using the same
+ approach for tput's init (initialization), reset and clear operations
+ as the separate [23]reset and [24]clear programs. Doing this does not
+ change the command-line options; existing scripts are unaffected.
+
+ These are the user-visible changes for the three programs (tput, tset
+ and clear):
+ * add the terminal-mode parts of "reset" (aka tset) to the "tput
+ reset" command, making the two almost the same except for
+ window-size.
+ * improve tput's check for being called as "init" or "reset" to
+ allow for transformed names.
+ * add "clear" as a possible link/alias to tput.
+ * amend changes for tput to reset tty modes to "sane" if the program
+ is run as "reset", like tset. Likewise, ensure that tset sends
+ either reset- or init-strings.
+ * add -x option to clear/tput to make the E3 extension optional
+ * add functionality of "tset -w" to tput, like the "-c" feature this
+ is not optional in tput.
+ * add options -T and -V to clear command for compatibility with
+ tput.
+ * drop long-obsolete "-n" option from tset.
+ * modify tset's assignment to TERM in its output to reflect the name
+ by which the terminal description is found, rather than the
+ primary name. That was an unnecessary part from the initial
+ conversion of tset from termcap to terminfo. The termcap library
+ in 4.3BSD did this to avoid using the short 2-character name
+ * remove a restriction in tput's support for termcap names which
+ omitted capabilities normally not shown in termcap translations
+ * add usage message to clear command
+ * improve usage messages for tset and tput.
Other user-visible improvements and new features include:
- * added "-D" option to tic and infocmp, to show the database
- locations that it could use.
- * added "-s" option to toe, to sort its output.
- * extended "-c" and "-n" options of infocmp to allow comparing more
- than two entries.
- * modified toe's report when "-a" and "-s" options are combined, to
- add a column showing which entries belong to a given database.
- * modified the clear program to take into account the "E3" extended
- capability to clear the terminal's scrollback buffer.
+ * modify tic/infocmp display of numeric values to use hexadecimal
+ when they are "close" to a power of two, making the result more
+ readable.
+ * add "-W" option to tic/infocmp to force long strings to wrap.
+ + This is in addition to the "-w" option which attempts to fit
+ capabilities into a given line-length.
+ + If "-f" option splits line, do not further split it with
+ "-W".
+ + Begin a new line when adding "use=" after a wrapped line.
+ * add "-q" option to infocmp to suppress the "Reconstructed from"
+ comment from the header, and a corresponding option to tic to
+ suppress all comments from the "tic -I" output.
+ * Sorted options in usage message for infocmp, to make it simpler to
+ see unused letters.
+ * Updated usage message for tic, adding "-0" option.
+ * add infocmp/tic "-Q" option, which allows one to dump the compiled
+ form of the terminal entry, in hexadecimal or base64:
+ + A "b64:" prefix in the TERMINFO variable tells the terminfo
+ reader to use base64 according to RFC-3548 as well as
+ RFC-4648 url/filename-safe format.
+ + A "hex:" prefix tells the terminfo reader to accept
+ hexadecimal data as generated by "infocmp -0qQ1".
+
+ Other less-visible improvements and new features include:
+ * modify utility headers such as tic.h to make it clearer which are
+ externals that are used by tack.
+ * add "reset" to list of programs whose names might change in
+ manpages due to program-transformation configure options.
+ * modify "-T" option of clear and tput to call use_tioctl to obtain
+ the operating system's notion of the screensize if possible.
+ * add check in tput for init/reset operands to ensure those use a
+ terminal.
+ * modify programs clear, tabs, tput and tset to pass the actual tty
+ file descriptor to setupterm rather than the standard output or
+ error, making padding work.
+ * change tset's initialization to allow it to get settings from the
+ standard input as well as /dev/tty, to be more effective when
+ output or error are redirected.
+ * amend check in tput, tabs and clear to allow those to use the
+ database-only features in cron if a "-T" option gives a suitable
+ terminal name.
+ * improve error message from tset/reset when both stderr/stdout are
+ redirected to a file or pipe.
+
+ Several of the less apparent features deal with translation of
+ terminfo to termcap (and the reverse), with corresponding checks by
+ tic:
+ * modify check in fmt_entry to handle a cancelled reset string. Make
+ similar fixes in other parts of dump_entry.c and tput.c
+ * correct read of terminfo entry in which all strings are absent or
+ explicitly cancelled. Before this fix, the result was that all
+ were treated as only absent.
+ * modify infocmp to suppress mixture of absent/cancelled
+ capabilities that would only show as "NULL, NULL", unless the "-q"
+ option is used, e.g., to show "-, @" or "@, -".
+ * correct a warning from tic about keys which are the same, to skip
+ over missing/cancelled values.
+ * add check in tic for use of bold, etc., video attributes in the
+ color capabilities, accounting whether the feature is listed in
+ ncv.
+ * add check in tic for unnecessary use of "2" to denote a shifted
+ special key.
+ * improve check in tic for delays by also warning about beep/flash
+ when a delay is not embedded, or if those use the VT100 reverse
+ video escape without using a delay.
+ * improve checks in trim_sgr0, comp_parse.c and parse_entry.c, for
+ cancelled string capabilities.
+ * add check in tic for some syntax errors of delays, as well as use
+ of proportional delays for non-line capabilities.
+ * add check in tic for conflict between ritm, rmso, rmul versus
+ sgr0.
+ * add check in _nc_parse_entry for invalid entry name, setting the
+ name to "invalid" to avoid problems storing entries.
+ * improve _nc_tparm_analyze, using that to extend the checks made by
+ tic for reporting inconsistencies between the expected number of
+ parameters for a capability and the actual.
+ * remove tic warning about "^?" in string capabilities, which was
+ marked as an extension; however all Unix implementations support
+ this and X/Open Curses does not address it. On the other hand,
+ [25]BSD termcap did not support this feature (until the
+ [26]mid-1990s).
+ in _nc_infotocap, added a check to ensure that terminfo "^?" is
+ not written to termcap.
+ * modify sscanf calls in _nc_infotocap for patterns "%{number}%+%c"
+ and "%'char'%+%c" to check that the final character is really "c",
+ avoiding a case in icl6404 which cannot be converted to termcap.
+ * in _nc_tic_expand and _nc_infotocap, improved string-length check
+ when deciding whether to use "^X" or "\xxx" format for control
+ characters, to make the output of tic/infocmp more predictable.
+ * limited termcap "%d" width to 2 digits on input, and use "%2" in
+ preference to "%02" on output.
+ * correct terminfo/termcap conversion of "%02" and "%03" into "%2"
+ and "%3"; the result repeated the last character.
Examples
Along with the library and utilities, many improvements were made to
- the [38]ncurses-examples. Some were made to allow building (and
- comparison-testing) against NetBSD curses and PDCurses. Both lack some
- of the X/Open Curses features, necessitating customization. But this
- activity was useful because it showed some remaining performance
- issues (which have been resolved in this release).
-
- These changes were made to verify compatibility or compare performance
- of ncurses:
- * made workarounds for compiling test-programs with NetBSD curses,
- though it lacks some common functions such as [39]use_env.
- * added dots_termcap test-program
- * added dots_curses test-program, for comparison with the low-level
- examples.
- * added test_setupterm test-proram to demonstrate normal/error
- returns from the setupterm and restartterm functions.
- * added "-d", "-e" and "-q" options to the demo_terminfo and
- demo_termcap test-programs.
- * added "-y" option to demo_termcap and test/demo_terminfo
- test-programs to demonstrate behavior with/without extended
- capabilities.
- * modified demo_termcap and demo_terminfo test-programs to make
- their options more directly comparable, and add "-i" option to
- specify a terminal description filename to parse for names to
- lookup.
- * rewrote the tests for [40]mvderwin and test for recursive
- [41]mvwin in the movewindow test-program.
-
- These changes were made to help with the MinGW port:
- * added test-screens to the ncurses test-program to show
- 256-characters at a time, to help with MinGW port.
- * modified the view test-program to load UTF-8 when built with MinGW
- by using regular win32 API because the MinGW functions mblen and
- mbtowc do not work.
- * added "-s" option to the view test-program to allow it to start in
- single-step mode, reducing size of trace files when it is used for
- debugging MinGW changes.
-
- These changes were made to verify new extensions in ncurses:
- * added [42]form_driver_w entrypoint to wide-character forms
- library, as well as form_driver_w test-program.
- * modified ncurses test-program's b/B tests to display lines only
- for the attributes which a given terminal supports, to make room
- for an italics test.
- * modified ncurses test-program, adding "-E" and "-T" options to
- demonstrate use_env versus use_tioctl.
- * modified ncurses test-program's c/C tests to cycle through subsets
- of the total number of colors, to better illustrate
- 8/16/88/256-colors by providing directly comparable screens.
- * modified the ncurses test-program to also show position reports in
- 'a' test.
-
- These changes were made to make the examples more useful:
- * added scripts for building dpkg and rpm test-packages
- * modified the hanoi test-program to show the minimum number of
- moves possible for the given number of tiles.
- * modified the knight test-program to show the number of choices
- possible for each position in automove option, e.g., to allow user
- to follow Warnsdorff's rule to solve the puzzle.
+ the [27]ncurses-examples.
+
+ These changes were made to demonstrate new extensions in ncurses:
+ * add demo_new_pair program, to demonstrate [28]alloc_pair,
+ [29]find_pair and [30]free_pair functions.
+ This program iterates over the possible color combinations,
+ allocating or initializing color pairs. For best results, choose
+ screen-width dividing evenly into the number of colors. e.g.,
+
+ 32x64,32x128 256 colors
+ 24x44,24x88 88 colors
+ 32x64,24x128 16 colors
+
+ * add extended_color program, like the older color_set program, but
+ using the extended color functions, with and without the
+ SP-functions interface.
+ * add picsmap program to fill in some testing issues not met by
+ dots, using this as the third example in a comparison of the
+ [31]ncurses versus slang libraries.
+ The program can directly read X bitmap and pixmap files,
+ displaying a picture. It can read other image files using
+ ImageMagick's convert program to translate the image into text.
+ For 16-, 88- and 256-color terminal descriptions, picsmap can load
+ a palette file which tells it which color palette entries to use.
+ For direct-colors, the terminal descriptions use the RGB extension
+ capability.
- Terminal database
+ There are other new example programs and a few scripts:
+ * add dots_xcurses program to illustrate a different approach used
+ for extended colors which can be contrasted with dots_curses.
+ * add list_keys program show function keys for one or more terminal
+ descriptions. It uses ncurses's convention of modifiers for
+ special keys, based on xterm.
+ * add padview program, to compare pads with direct updates in the
+ view program.
+ * add sp_tinfo program to exercise the SP-functions extension of the
+ low-level terminfo library.
+ * add test-programs for termattrs and term_attrs functions.
+ * add test_sgr program to exercise all combinations of the sgr
+ capability.
+ * add tput-colorcube demo script, imitating xterm's 88- and
+ 256-color scripts using tput.
+ * add tput-initc script to demonstrate how tput may be used to
+ initialize a color palette from a data file.
+
+ A variety of improvements were made to existing programs, both new
+ features as well as options added to make the set of programs more
+ consistent.
+
+ The ncurses program is the largest; a proportionately large number of
+ changes were made to it:
+ * modify a/A screens to make exiting on an escape character depend
+ on the start of keypad and timeout modes, to allow better testing
+ of function-keys.
+ add "t" toggle for notimeout function.
+ * modify layout of b/B screens to allow for additional annotation on
+ the right margin; some terminals with partial support did not
+ display well.
+ * modify c/C screens to allow for extended color pairs.
+ add z/Z zoom feature to make extended color pairs easier to test.
+ modify test-screens to take advantage of wide screens, reducing
+ the number of lines used for 88- and 256-colors.
+ * modify "d" edit-color screen to optionally read xterm color
+ palette directly from terminal, as well as handling KEY_RESIZE and
+ screen-repainting with control/L and control/R.
+ * add examples to "F" screen for WACS_D_PLUS and WACS_T_PLUS.
+ * improve "g" screen, correcting ifdef which made the legend not
+ reflect changes to keypad- and scroll-modes. Added check for
+ return-value of putwin.
+ * make "s" test easier to understand which subtests are available
+ add a corresponding "S" wide-character overlap test-screen.
+ * add "v" screen to show baudrate and other values.
+
+ These changes were made to the other examples:
+ * modify blue program to use Unicode values for card-glyphs when
+ available, as well as improving the check for CP437 and CP850.
+ * improve demo_menus program, allowing mouse-click on the
+ menu-headers to switch the active menu. This requires a new
+ extension option O_MOUSE_MENU to tell the menu driver to put mouse
+ events which do not apply to the active menu back into the queue
+ so that the application can handle the event.
+ * correct logic in demo_terminfo program for "-f" option
+ * modify ditto program to allow $XTERM_PROG environment variable to
+ override "xterm" as the name of the program to run in the threaded
+ configuration.
+ * add several options to the "dots" test-programs.
+ * modify filter program:
+ + illustrate an alternative to getnstr, that polls for input
+ while updating a clock on the right margin as well as
+ responding to window size-changes.
+ + adapt logic used in [32]dialog [33]"--keep-tite" option for
+ filter program as the "-a" option. When set, filter attempts
+ to suppress the alternate screen.
+ * modify knight program to provide the "slow" solution for small
+ screens using "R", noting that Warnsdorf's method is easily done
+ with "a".
+ * modify the savescreen program to add test patterns that exercise
+ 88-, 256-, etc., colors.
+ * add options to test_arrays, for selecting termcap vs terminfo,
+ etc.
+ * modify the view program:
+ + expand tabs using the ncurses library rather than in the
+ test-program.
+ + eliminate the "-n" option by simply reading the whole file.
+ + implement page up/down commands.
+ + remove the very old SIGWINCH example; just use KEY_RESIZE.
+ * improve animation in xmas program by adding a time-delay in
+ blinkit.
+ * modify several test-programs which call use_default_colors to
+ consistently do this only if the "-d" option is given.
+ * modify the install-rule for ncurses-examples to put the data files
+ in the data directory, e.g., /usr/share/ncurses-examples.
+ * modify several test programs to use new popup_msgs function,
+ adapted from the help-screen used in the edit_field program.
+ * modify test data for xterm palettes to use the newer
+ color4/color12 values.
+ * improve the tracemunch script:
+ + show screenXX pointers and thread identifiers as names.
+ + chang address-parameters of add_wch, color_content and
+ pair_content to dummy parameters.
- This release provides improvements to tic's "-c" checking option,
- which was used for example to
- * make sgr in several entries agree with other caps.
- * correct padding in some entries where earlier versions had
- miscounted the number of octal digits.
+ Terminal database
There are several new terminal descriptions:
- * [43]mlterm is now aliased to mlterm3
- * [44]nsterm is now derived from nsterm-256color
- * [45]putty-sco
- * [46]teken is FreeBSD's "xterm" console.
- * [47]terminator
- * [48]terminology
- * [49]tmux is derived from screen.
- * several screen.XXX entries support the respective variations for
- 256 colors.
- * [50]simpleterm is now 0.5
- * [51]vte is aliased to vte-2012
- * [52]vt520ansi
+
+ dumb-emacs-ansi, dvtm, dvtm-256color, fbterm, iterm2, linux-m1
+ minitel entries, putty-noapp, viewdata, and vt100+4bsd
+ building-block.
+
+ xterm+noalt, xterm+titlestack, xterm+alt1049, xterm+alt+title
+ building blocks and xterm+direct, xterm+indirect, xterm-direct.
+ from [34]xterm patch #331.
+
+ several other "-direct" descriptions to address the differences of
+ other terminal emulators versus xterm-direct.
+
+ There are many changes to existing terminal descriptions. Some were
+ updates to several descriptions:
+ * use xterm+sm+1006 in several terminal descriptions which were
+ validated as supporting the extended mouse feature for their
+ respective terminal emulators.
+ * corrected sgr/sgr0 strings in a few cases reported by tic, making
+ those correspond to the non-sgr settings where they differ, but
+ otherwise use ECMA-48 consistently.
+ * add 0.1sec mandatory delay to flash capabilities using the VT100
+ reverse-video control
+
+ while others affected specific descriptions. These were retested, to
+ take into account new/undocumented changes by their developers:
+
+ iterm, minitel, st, viewdata, nsterm
+
+ while these are specific fixes based on user reports, or warnings from
+ tic:
+
+ [35]ansi building blocks
+
+ + restored rmir/smir in ansi+idc to better match original
+ ansiterm+idc, add alias ansiterm
+
+ [36]icl6402
+
+ + corrected missing comma-separator between string capabilities
+ in icl6402 and m2-nam
+
+ [37]interix
+
+ + updated using tack and SFU with Windows 7 Ultimate.
+ + used ^? for kdch1
+
+ [38]linux
+
+ + made linux3.0 entry the default linux entry
+ + modify linux2.6 entry to improve line-drawing so that the
+ linux3.0 entry can be used in non-UTF-8 mode
+ + omitted selection of ISO-8859-1 for G0 in enacs capability
+ from linux2.6 entry, to avoid conflict with the user-defined
+ mapping. The reset feature uses ISO-8859-1 in any case.
+ + modify flash capability for linux and wyse entries to put the
+ delay between the reverse/normal escapes rather than after
+ + modify linux-16color to not mask dim, standout or reverse
+ with the ncv capability
+
+ [39]pccon entries
+
+ + fixed some inconsistencies in the pccon* entries
+ + add bold to pccon+sgr+acs and pccon-base
+ + add keys f12-f124 to pccon+keys
+
+ [40]tmux
+
+ + corrected sgr string, which used screen's "standout" code
+ rather than the standard code.
+ + add settings corresponding to xterm-keys option to reflect
+ upcoming change to make that option "on" by default
+ + uncanceled Ms
+
+ [41]vt100
+
+ + modify vt100 rs2 string to reset vt52 mode and scrolling
+ regions
+ + corrected rs2 string for vt100-nam
+ + made minor fixes for vt100+4bsd, e.g., delay in sgr for
+ consistency
+
+ [42]vte
+
+ + moved SGR 24 and 27 from vte-2014 to vte-2012
+ + add a few capabilities fixed in recent VTE development
+
+ [43]xterm
+
+ + add rep to xterm-new, available since [44]late 1996.
+ + modify xterm+256color and xterm+256setaf to use correct
+ number of color pairs.
+ + modify rs1 for xterm-16color, xterm-88color and
+ xterm-256color to reset palette using oc string as in linux
+ entry.
+ + add rs1 capability to xterm-256color
+ + add oc capability to xterm+256color, allowing palette reset
+ for xterm
+ + add op to xterm+256setaf
+ + modify xterm-r5, xterm-r6 and xterm-xf86-v32 to use xterm+kbs
+ to match [45]xterm #272, reflecting packager's changes
+ + used ANSI reply for u8 in xterm-new, to reflect vt220-style
+ responses that could be returned.
+ + made xterm-pcolor sgr consistent with other capabilities
A few entries use extensions (user-defined terminal capabilities):
- * E3, used in linux, putty and xterm-basic is tested in the
- [53]clear program to erase a terminal's scrollback.
- * TS is used in the [54]xterm+sl building block to help deprecate
- the misuse of tsl for xterm's title-string.
- * XT is used in some terminfo entries to improve usefulness for
- other applications than screen, which would like to pretend that
- xterm's title is a status-line.
- * xm is used in examples [55]xterm-1005 and [56]xterm-1006 to
- illustrate a way to make mouse handling more general
-
- A few terminals support italics and/or dim capabilities. In
- particular, screen does not. Documented that, and accommodated the
- terminals where this feature works with the A_ITALIC extension.
- * konsole, mlterm3 (italics)
- * nsterm (dim)
- * screen (dim)
- * vte (dim, italics)
- * xterm (dim, italics)
+ * add rmxx/smxx ECMA-48 strikeout extension to tmux and xterm-basic
+ * used RGB capability in new *-direct entries to denote direct-color
+ feature.
Documentation
* attempts to improve the description of features which users have
found confusing
* fills in overlooked descriptions of features which were described
- in the [57]NEWS file but treated sketchily in manual pages.
-
- In addition, the mechanism for producing HTML versions of the
- documentation has been improved:
- * use an improved version of [58]man2html to generate html manpages.
- * regenerated [59]NCURSES-Programming-HOWTO.html to fix some of the
- broken html emitted by docbook.
+ in the [46]NEWS file but treated sketchily in manual pages.
+
+ In particular,
+ * Since the underlying features for [47]tset, [48]tput, and
+ [49]clear have been better integrated, the documentation now
+ includes information on how those tools evolved.
+ In addition to explaining the improved integration of the tools,
+ the manual pages made it easier to see how the tools are similar
+ and how they are different.
+ * The addch manual page has additional information on
+ [50]portability and differences from other implementations.
+ * The discussion of color-pairs in the attributes manual page is
+ improved in its [51]history section.
+ * The documentation of the chtype, cchar_t types and the attribute
+ values which can be stored in those types, in particular the
+ [52]history and [53]portability sections of the attributes manual
+ page, has been improved.
+ * improve discussion of [54]portability in the mouse manual.
+ * The pad manual page has a section on the [55]origin and
+ portability of pads.
+ * Differences between SVr4 and X/Open Curses soft-keys are discussed
+ in a new section on [56]portability.
+ * There are updated/improved notes on portability in the
+ [57]resizeterm and [58]wresize manual pages.
+
+ In addition to providing background information to explain these
+ features and show how they evolved, there are corrections,
+ clarifications, etc.:
+ * add note in the [59]addch manual about line-drawing when it
+ depends upon UTF-8.
+ * improve discussion of line-drawing characters in the [60]add_wch
+ manual.
+ * explain in [61]clear's manual page that it writes to the standard
+ output.
+ * improve description of [62]endwin.
+ * improve discussion of field validation in the [63]form driver
+ manual page.
+ * clarify the use of wint_t vs wchar_t in [64]get_wstr manual page.
+ * clarify in the [65]getch manual that the keypad mode affects an
+ application's ability to read KEY_MOUSE codes, but does not affect
+ KEY_RESIZE.
+ trim some obsolete/incorrect wording about EINTR from the getch
+ manual page
+ improve manual pages for [66]getch and [67]get_wch to point out
+ that they might return user-defined values which have no
+ predefined names in <curses.h>
+ * improve description of the -R option in the [68]infocmp manual
+ page
+ * clarify in the [69]resizeterm manual page how KEY_RESIZE is pushed
+ onto the input stream.
+ * document return value of [70]use_extended_names
+ * document differences in [71]ESCDELAY versus AIX's implementation
+ in the variables manual page.
+ * The _nc_free_tinfo function is now documented in the
+ [72]memory-leaks manual page, because it could be used in tack for
+ memory-leak checking.
+ * add a note to the [73]tic manual page about -W versus -f options.
+ * improve terminfo manual description of [74]terminfo syntax.
+ improve terminfo manual page discussion of [75]control- and
+ graphics- characters.
+ improve [76]color-handling section in terminfo manual page
+ * clarify description in [77]tput manual page regarding support for
+ termcap names
+ update [78]tput manual page to reflect changes to manipulate
+ terminal modes by sharing functions with tset.
+ * clarify in manual pages that the optional verbose option level of
+ [79]tic and [80]infocmp is available only when ncurses is
+ configured for tracing.
+ * improve manual page description of [81]tset/reset versus
+ window-size.
+ * improve description of [82]tgoto parameters
+
+ There are new manual pages:
+ * [83]user_caps documents the terminfo extensions used by ncurses.
+ * [84]scr_dump documents the screen-dump format.
+
+ Some of the improvements are more subtle, relating to the way the
+ information is presented:
+ * Made minor fixes to manpage NAME/SYNOPSIS sections to consistently
+ use rule that either all functions which are prototyped in
+ SYNOPSIS are listed in the NAME section, or the manual-page name
+ is the sole item listed in the NAME section. The latter is used to
+ reduce clutter, e.g., for the top-level library manual pages as
+ well as for certain feature-pages such as [85]SP-funcs and
+ [86]threading.
+ * improve manual pages for utilities with respect to POSIX versus
+ X/Open Curses.
+ * improve organization of the [87]attributes and [88]color manual
+ pages.
Interesting bug-fixes
- * Ada95 binding:
- + modify makefile rules to ensure that the PIC option is not
- used when building a static library
- + make Ada95 build-fix for big-endian architectures such as
- sparc. This undoes one of the fixes from [60]20110319, which
- added an "Unused" member to representation clauses, replacing
- that with pragmas to suppress warnings about unused bits.
- * Color and attributes:
- + parenthesize parameter of COLOR_PAIR and PAIR_NUMBER in
- curses.h in case it happens to be a comma-expression.
- + improve [61]20021221 workaround for broken acs, handling a
- case where that ACS_xxx character is not in the acsc string
- but there is a known wide-character which can be used.
- + modify [62]init_pair to accept -1's for color value after
- [63]assume_default_colors has been called.
- + add a check in [64]start_color to limit color-pairs to 256
- when extended colors are not supported.
- * Resizing the screen:
- + propagate error-returns from wresize, i.e., the internal
- increase_size and decrease_size functions through
- [65]resize_term.
- + add check for zero/negative dimensions for resizeterm and
- resize_term.
- + modify resizeterm to always push a KEY_RESIZE onto the fifo,
- even if screensize is unchanged. Modify library to push a
- KEY_RESIZE if there was a SIGWINCH, even if it does not call
- resizeterm). These changes eliminate the case where a
- SIGWINCH is received, but ERR is returned from wgetch or
- wgetnstr because the screen dimensions did not change.
- * Low-level interfaces
- + fix an old bug in the termcap emulation; "%i" was ignored in
- tparm because the parameters to be incremented were already
- on the internal stack.
- + change "%l" behavior in tparm to push the string length onto
- the stack rather than saving the formatted length into the
- output buffer.
- + modify name-comparison for tgetstr, etc., to accommodate
- legacy applications as well as to improve compatbility with
- BSD 4.2 termcap implementations (see note for [66]980725).
- * High-level interfaces
- + modify internal recursion in wgetch which handles cooked mode
- to check if the call to wgetnstr returned an error. This can
- happen when both nocbreak and nodelay are set, for instance
- (see note for [67]960418).
- + add a check in internal function waddch_nosync to ensure that
- tab characters are treated as control characters; some broken
- locales claim they are printable.
- + modify menu library to ensure that a menu's top-row is
- adjusted as needed to ensure that the current item is on the
- screen
- + fix special case where double-width character overwrites a
- single- width character in the first column.
+ * modify toe to not exit if unable to read a terminal description,
+ e.g., if there is a permission problem.
+ * correct 20100515 change for weak signals versus sigprocmask
+ * work around Ada tool-breakage in Debian 9 and later by invoking
+ gprconfig to specify the C compiler to be used by gnatmake, and
+ conditionally suppressing Library_Options line for static
+ libraries.
+ * There were, as well, several bug-fixes to handle illegal input for
+ tic. Because those did not correspond to useful terminal
+ descriptions, most users are unaffected.
Configuration changes
Major changes
- The ncurses 6.0 configure script makes changes to the default value of
- several configure options, depending on the --with-abi-version option
- (i.e., whether its value is "5" or "6"):
-
- --enable-const
- Feature introduced in [68]970405 supports the use of const
- where X/Open Curses should have, but did not. NetBSD curses
- does something similar with const.
-
- --enable-ext-colors
- Extends the cchar_t structure to allow more than 16 colors to
- be encoded. This applies only to the wide-character
- (--enable-widec) configuration.
-
- --enable-ext-mouse
- Modifies the encoding of mouse state to make room for a 5th
- mouse button. That allows one to use ncurses with a wheel mouse
- with xterm or similar X terminal emulators.
-
- --enable-ext-putwin
- Modifies the file-format written by putwin to use printable
- text rather than binary files, allowing getwin to read screen
- dumps written by differently-configured ncurses libraries. The
- extended getwin can still read binary screen dumps from the
- same configuration of ncurses. This does not change the ABI
- (the binary interface seen by calling applications).
-
- --enable-interop
- Modifies the FIELDTYPE structure used for the form library to
- make it more generic.
-
- --enable-lp64
- Allows an application to define _LP64 to declare chtype and
- mmask_t as simply "unsigned" rather than the configured types
- using the --with-chtype and --with-mmask_t options.
-
- --enable-sp-funcs
- Compile-in support for extended functions which accept a SCREEN
- pointer, reducing the need for juggling the global SP value
- with [69]set_term and [70]delscreen.
-
- --with-chtype=uint32_t
- Makes chtype explicitly a 32-bit unsigned value.
-
- --with-mmask_t=uint32_t
- Makes mmask_t explicitly a 32-bit unsigned value.
-
- --with-tparm-arg=intptr_t
- X/Open Curses declares [71]tparm using long for each of the
- parameters aside from the formatting string, presuming that
- long and char* are the same size. This configure option uses
- intptr_t which provides a better guarantee of the sizes.
-
- The configure script no longer checks for antique compilers; c89 is
- assumed as a minimum. There are a few features from later revisions
- which are used when available. The configure script makes checks to
- turn on useful warnings from clang, gcc and icc. You should be able to
- build ncurses 6.0 with any of the current (or not so current) C
- compilers available in 2015.
-
- The configure script, by the way, makes changes which do not work with
- systems whose /bin/sh is non-POSIX. This mainly affects Solaris (the
- other vendor unix systems have followed the POSIX guidelines for the
- past twenty years). If you must build on Solaris, its [72]xpg4
- binaries suffice, e.g.,
-
- #!/bin/sh
- WHAT=`hostname|sed -e 's/\..*//'`
- OUT=configure.out
- cat >>$OUT <<EOF/
- ** `date`
- ** node: $WHAT
- ** user: `id`
- ** conf: $*
- EOF/
-
- SHELL=/bin/sh
- if test -f /usr/xpg4/bin/sh
- then
- CONFIG_SHELL=/usr/xpg4/bin/sh
- export CONFIG_SHELL
- SHELL=$CONFIG_SHELL
- fi
-
- rm -f config.status config.cache
- TOP=$HOME/$WHAT
- $SHELL ./configure --verbose \
- --disable-echo \
- --disable-overwrite \
- --enable-warnings \
- --with-warnings \
- --prefix=$TOP $* 2>&1 | tee -a $OUT
-
- Other major changes to the configure script include:
- * ABI 6 is now the default, intending that the existing ABI 5 should
- build as before using the "--with-abi-version=5" option.
- * added --with-extra-suffix option to help with installing
- nonconflicting ncurses6 packages, e.g., avoiding header- and
- library-conflicts.
- NOTE: as a side-effect, this renames
-
- adacurses-config to adacurses5-config and
- adacursesw-config to adacursesw5-config
- * the configure script looks for gnatgcc if the Ada95 binding is
- built, in preference to the default gcc/cc. The script also
- ensures that the Ada95 binding is built with the level of
- optimization as the C libraries.
- * the configure script captures define's related to -D_XOPEN_SOURCE
- from the configure check and adds those to the *-config and *.pc
- files, to simplify use for the wide-character libraries.
+ This release provides a new binary format for terminal descriptions
+ that use extended numeric capabilities. Applications built with the
+ wide-character ncursesw library can use these extended numbers.
+ * This includes utilities such as tic and infocmp, because (as noted
+ in [89]New features), the feature relies upon an extension to the
+ low-level tinfo library.
+ * A few software packagers use a configuration option of ncurses
+ which allows the low-level tinfo library to be shared between the
+ high-level ncurses and ncursesw libraries. This new feature was
+ designed to work in that configuration as well.
+
+ Other applications (i.e., using the 8-bit ncurses library) which read
+ the extended terminal descriptions see those numeric capabilities set
+ to the maximum value for a signed 16-bit number.
+
+ Older versions of ncurses' tic accept out-of-range numeric
+ capabilities, storing those as the maximum value for a signed 16-bit
+ number. Other implementations of curses (mentioned in the discussion
+ of [90]picsmap) give zero for these out-of-range capabilities.
Configuration options
- There are several new (or extended) configure options:
-
- --disable-db-install
- Do not install the terminal database. This is used to omit
- features for packages, as done with --without-progs. The option
- simplifies building cross-compile support packages.
-
- --disable-gnat-projects
- This option is used for regression testing
-
- --disable-lib-suffixes
- Suppress the "w", "t" or "tw" suffixes which normally would be
- added to the library names for the --enable-widec and
- --with-pthread options.
-
- --with-cxx-shared
- When --with-shared is set, build libncurses++ as a shared
- library. This implicitly relies upon building with gcc/g++,
- since other compiler suites may have differences in the way
- shared libraries are built. libtool by the way has similar
- limitations.
-
- --with-hashed-db
- Extended this configure option to simplify building with
- different versions of Berkeley database using FreeBSD ports.
-
- --with-pc-suffix
- If ".pc" files are installed, optionally add a suffix to the
- files and corresponding package names to separate unusual
- configurations. If no option value is given (or if it is
- "none"), no suffix is added. This option is used in the test
- package for ncurses6.
-
- --with-xterm-kbs
- Configure xterm's terminfo entries to use either BS (^H, i.e.,
- ASCII backspace) or DEL (^?, or 127).
+ These changes provide support for tack 1.08, released in [91]July
+ 2017:
+ * add --without-tack configure option to refine --with-progs
+ configure option. Normally tack is built outside the ncurses tree,
+ but a few packagers combine it during the build. If term_entry.h
+ is installed, there is no advantage to in-tree builds.
+ * adjust configure-script to define HAVE_CURSES_DATA_BOOLNAMES
+ symbol needed for tack 1.08 when built in-tree. Rather than
+ relying upon internal "_nc_" functions, tack now uses the boolean,
+ number and string capability name-arrays provided by ncurses and
+ SVr4 Unix curses. It still uses term_entry.h for the definitions
+ of the extended capability arrays.
+ * add dependency upon ncurses_cfg.h to tic's header-files; any
+ program using tic-library will have to supply this file. Legacy
+ tack versions supply this file; ongoing tack development has
+ dropped the dependency upon tic-library and new releases will not
+ be affected.
+
+ Other changes to the configure-script and generated files include
+ * add configure options to disable checks for form, menu and panel
+ libraries so that ncurses-examples can be built with non-SVr4
+ curses implementations.
+ * add configure option --enable-opaque-curses for ncurses library
+ and similar options for the other libraries.
+ * add configure option --disable-wattr-macros for use in cases where
+ one wants to use the same headers for ncurses5/ncurses6
+ development, by suppressing the wattr* macros which differ due to
+ the introduction of extended colors
+ * modify configure macro for shared-library rules to use -Wl,-rpath
+ rather than -rpath to work around a bug in scons
+ * improve ncurses-examples' configure script to define as needed
+ NCURSES_WIDECHAR for platforms where _XOPEN_SOURCE_EXTENDED does
+ not work. Also modified the test program to ensure that if
+ building with ncurses, that the cchar_t type is checked, since
+ that is normally (since [92]20111030) ifdef'd depending on this
+ test.
+ * modify configure script to handle the case where tic-library is
+ renamed, but the --with-debug option is used by itself without
+ normal or shared libraries
+ * modify editing script which generates resulting.map to work with
+ the clang configuration on recent FreeBSD, which gives an error on
+ an empty "local" section.
+ * improve configure check for setting the WILDCARD_SYMS variable; on
+ ppc64 the variable is in the Data section rather than Text.
+ * correct result of configure option --without-fallbacks, which
+ caused FALLBACK_LIST to be set to "no"
+ * modify --with-pkg-config-libdir option to make it possible to
+ install ".pc" files even if pkg-config is not found. Limit this
+ change, to suppress the actual install if it is not overridden to
+ a valid directory at install time.
+ * disallow "no" as a possible value for --with-shlib-version option,
+ overlooked in cleanup-changes for [93]20000708.
Portability
- MinGW
-
- Most of the portability-related work since [73]ncurses 5.9 extended
- and improved the MinGW port introduced in [74]ncurses 5.8.
-
- The MinGW port can be readily cross-compiled:
- * modified configure script to allow creating dll's for MinGW when
- cross-compiling.
- * enforced Windows-style path-separator if cross-compiling,
- * added scripts for test-builds of cross-compiled packages for
- ncurses6 to MinGW.
- * added pc-files to the MinGW cross-compiling test-packages.
- * added script for building test-packages of binaries cross-compiled
- to MinGW using NSIS.
- * added nc_mingw.h to installed headers for MinGW port; this is
- needed for cross-compiling [75]ncurses-examples.
- * added test-packages for cross-compiling ncurses-examples using the
- MinGW test-packages.
-
- The MinGW-specific Windows driver accounts for several changes:
- * wide-character display is made usable by replacing MinGW's
- non-working wcrtomb and wctomb functions.
- * implemented some display features: [76]beep, [77]flash,
- [78]curs_set.
- * the driver handles repainting on endwin/refresh combination.
- * modified treatment of TERM variable for MinGW port to allow
- explicit use of the Windows console driver by checking if $TERM is
- set to "#win32console" or an abbreviation of that.
- * the Windows driver also matches the special TERM value "unknown"
- * the driver now returns characters for special keys, (like ansi.sys
- does), when keypad mode is off, rather than returning nothing at
- all.
- * the driver checks a new environment variable [79]NCURSES_CONSOLE2
- to optionally work around a deficiency in Console2 (and its
- descendent ConsoleZ) which hang when an application creates a
- console buffer.
-
- Finally, there are other improvements:
- * MinGW is one of the configurations where ncurses installs by
- default into /usr
- * configuration for cross-compiling uses AC_CHECK_TOOLS in
- preference to AC_PATH_PROGS when searching for ncurses*-config,
- e.g., in Ada95/configure and test/configure.
- * extend Windows support to work with MSYS2;
- + this works with a scenario where there is an ANSI-escape
- handler such as ansicon running in the console window.
- + wrap isatty calls with a macro, provide a corresponding set
- of support routines to address differences between MinGW and
- MSYS2.
- * ensure WINVER is defined in makefiles rather than using headers.
- * add check for the gnatprep "-T" option.
- * work around a bug introduced by [80]gcc 4.8.1 in MinGW which
- breaks "trace" feature.
- * add a driver-name method to each of the drivers.
-
- Other ports
-
- These changes affect certain platforms (ports):
- * the configure script knows how to build shared libraries with
- DragonFlyBSD and Interix.
- * support for AIX shared libraries is improved, tested with AIX 5.3,
- 6.1 and 7.1 with both gcc 4.2.4 and cc:
- + the shared-library suffix for AIX 5 and 6 is now ".so"
- + the -brtl option is used with AIX 5-7; it is needed to link
- with the shared libraries.
- * the configure --enable-pc-files option takes into account the
- [81]PKG_CONFIG_PATH variable.
- * the configure option --with-pkg-config-libdir provides control
- over the actual directory into which pc-files are installed.
- * the build scripts add explicit -ltinfo, etc., to the generated
- ".pc" file when ld option "--as-needed" is used, or when ncurses
- and tinfo are installed without using rpath.
- * the configure script disallows conflicting options
- "--with-termlib" and "--enable-term-driver".
- * the check for missing c++ compiler to work when no error is
- reported, and no variables set is improved (see note for
- [82]20021206).
- * the misc/gen_edit.sh script selects a "linux" entry which works
- with the current kernel rather than assuming it is always
- "linux3.0"
- * the test/configure script makes it simpler to override names of
- curses-related libraries, to help with linking with pdcurses in
- MinGW environment.
- * the configure-script/ifdef's allow the BSD OLD_TTY feature to be
- suppressed if the type of ospeed is configured using the option
- --with-ospeed to not be a short. By default, it is a short for
- termcap-compatibility.
- * the MKlib_gen.sh script works around a recent change in gcc 5
- (released [83]mid-2015) which essentially emits multiple #line
- statements for the same position in a file.
- * the configure script works with Minix3.2 (see [84]note on
- portability)
- * OS/2 redux:
- + the configure script supports OS/2 kLIBC.
- + the --with-lib-prefix option allows configuring for old/new
- flavors of OS/2 EMX.
- * improved configure-script checks for _XOPEN_SOURCE:
- + the definition works starting with Solaris 10.
- + the definition is suppressed for IRIX64, since its header
- files have a conflict versus _SGI_SOURCE.
+ Many of the portability changes are implemented via the configure
+ script:
+ * improve configure script's CF_CC_ENV_FLAGS macro to allow for
+ compiler wrappers such as ccache. This change moves only the
+ preprocessor, optimization and warning flags to CPPFLAGS and
+ CFLAGS, leaving the residue in CC. That happens to work for gcc's
+ various "model" options, but may require tuning for other
+ compilers.
+ * modify ncurses-examples' configure script to use pkg-config for
+ the extra form/menu/panel libraries, to be more consistent with
+ the handling of the curses/ncurses library.
+ * add configuration checks to build with [94]NetBSD curses, which
+ for example lacks [95]use_env.
+ * change ncurses-examples to use attr_t vs chtype to follow X/Open
+ documentation more closely since Solaris xpg4-curses uses
+ different values for WA_xxx vs A_xxx that rely on attr_t being an
+ unsigned short. Tru64 aka OSF1, HPUX, AIX did as ncurses does,
+ equating the two sets.
+ * modify several test programs to reflect that ncurses honors
+ existing signal handlers in initscr, while other implementations
+ do not.
+ * add configure check for openpty to ncurses-examples' configure
+ script, for ditto.
+ * improve check for working poll function by using posix_openpt as a
+ fallback in case there is no valid terminal on the standard input
+ * modify ncurses-examples' configure script to check for pthread
+ dependency of ncursest or ncursestw library when building the
+ ncurses examples, e.g., in case weak symbols are used.
+ * add checks in ncurses-examples' configure script for some
+ functions neither in 4.3BSD curses, nor based on X/Open Curses:
+ + modify a loop limit in firework.c to work around absense of
+ limit checks in some libraries.
+ + fill the last row of a window with "?" in firstlast if waddch
+ does not return ERR on the lower-right corner.
+ * build-fixes for the Portland Group (PGI) compilers
+ + accept whitespace in sed expression for generating expanded.c
+ + modify configure check that g++ compiler warnings are not
+ used.
+ + add configure check for -fPIC option needed for shared
+ libraries.
+ * modify configure script for clang as used on FreeBSD, to work
+ around clang's differences in exit codes vs gcc.
+ * fixes for configure/build using clang on OSX
+ + do not redefine "inline" in ncurses_cfg.h; this was
+ originally to solve a problem with gcc/g++, but is aggravated
+ by clang's misuse of symbols to pretend it is gcc.
+ + add braces to configure script to prevent unwanted addition
+ of "-lstdc++" option to the CXXLIBS symbol.
+ + improve/update test-program used for checking existence of
+ stdc++ library.
+ + if $CXXLIBS is set, the linkage test uses that in addition to
+ $LIBS.
+ * fixes for OS/2:
+ + use button instead of kbuf[0] in EMX-specific part of
+ lib_mouse.c
+ + support building with libtool on OS/2
+ + use stdc++ library with OS/2 kLIBC
+ + clear configure script's cf_XOPEN_SOURCE for OS/2, to work
+ with its header files
+ * add "newer" baudrate symbols to the [96]baudrate function in the
+ ncurses library as well as to a corresponding table in tset.
+ * modify ncurses-examples savescreen to work with AIX and HPUX.
+ * define WIN32_LEAN_AND_MEAN for MinGW port, making builds faster.
+ * add a configure check for wcwidth versus the ncurses line-drawing
+ characters, to use in special-casing systems such as Solaris.
+ Solaris, however, requires a special case that maps Unicode
+ line-drawing characters into the acsc string for non-Unicode
+ locales. Solaris also has a misconfigured wcwidth which marks all
+ of the line drawing characters as double-width.
+ * string-hacks (non-standard):
+ + fix configure script to record when strlcat is found on
+ OpenBSD.
+ + add --enable-string-hacks option to ncurses-examples'
+ configure script.
+ + completed string-hacks for sprintf, etc., including the
+ ncurses-examples programs.
+ + make --enable-string-hacks option work with Debian by
+ checking for the "bsd" library and its associated
+ "<bsd/string.h>" header.
+ * workaround for Debian's antique/unmaintained version of mawk:
+ + see Debian #65617, which was fixed in mawk's upstream
+ releases in [97]2009.
+ + related fixes when building link_test.
_________________________________________________________________
Features of ncurses
types even when no terminfo tree or termcap file is accessible
(this may be useful for support of screen-oriented programs that
must run in single-user mode).
- * The [85]tic/[86]captoinfo utility provided with ncurses has the
+ * The [98]tic/[99]captoinfo utility provided with ncurses has the
ability to translate many termcaps from the XENIX, IBM and AT&T
extension sets.
- * A BSD-like [87]tset utility is provided.
+ * A BSD-like [100]tset utility is provided.
* The ncurses library and utilities will automatically read terminfo
entries from $HOME/.terminfo if it exists, and compile to that
directory if it exists and the user has no write access to the
other entries in the same source file (as in System V) but also to
compiled entries in either the system terminfo directory or the
user's $HOME/.terminfo directory.
- * The table-of-entries utility [88]toe makes it easy for users to
+ * The table-of-entries utility [101]toe makes it easy for users to
see exactly what terminal types are available on the system.
* The library meets the XSI requirement that every macro entry point
have a corresponding function which may be linked (and will be
prototype-checked) if the macro definition is disabled with
#undef.
- * Extensive documentation is provided (see the [89]Additional
- Reading section of the [90]ncurses FAQ for online documentation).
+ * Extensive documentation is provided (see the [102]Additional
+ Reading section of the [103]ncurses FAQ for online documentation).
Applications using ncurses
The ncurses distribution includes a selection of test programs
(including a few games). These are available separately as
- [91]ncurses-examples
+ [104]ncurses-examples
The ncurses library has been tested with a wide variety of
applications including:
+ aptitude
+ FrontEnd to Apt, the debian package manager
+
+ [105]https://wiki.debian.org/Aptitude
+
cdk
Curses Development Kit
- [92]http://invisible-island.net/cdk/
+ [106]https://invisible-island.net/cdk/
ded
directory-editor
- [93]http://invisible-island.net/ded/
+ [107]https://invisible-island.net/ded/
dialog
the underlying application used in Slackware's setup, and the
basis for similar install/configure applications on many
systems.
- [94]http://invisible-island.net/dialog/
+ [108]https://invisible-island.net/dialog/
lynx
the text WWW browser
- [95]http://lynx.isc.org/
-
- Midnight Commander
- file manager
-
- [96]http://www.midnight-commander.org/
+ [109]https://lynx.invisible-island.net/
mutt
mail utility
- [97]http://www.mutt.org/
+ [110]http://www.mutt.org/
ncftp
file-transfer utility
- [98]http://www.ncftp.com/
+ [111]https://www.ncftp.com/
nvi
New vi uses ncurses.
- [99]https://sites.google.com/a/bostic.com/keithbostic/nvi
+ [112]https://sites.google.com/a/bostic.com/keithbostic/vi
+
+ ranger
+ A console file manager with VI key bindings in Python.
+
+ [113]https://ranger.github.io/
tin
newsreader, supporting color, MIME
- [100]http://www.tin.org/
+ [114]http://www.tin.org/
+
+ vifm
+ File manager with vi like keybindings
+
+ [115]https://vifm.info/
as well as some that use ncurses for the terminfo support alone:
minicom
terminal emulator for serial modem connections
- [101]http://alioth.debian.org/projects/minicom/
+ [116]https://alioth.debian.org/projects/minicom/
mosh
a replacement for ssh.
- [102]https://mosh.mit.edu/
+ [117]https://mosh.mit.edu/
tack
terminfo action checker
- [103]http://invisible-island.net/ncurses/tack.html
+ [118]https://invisible-island.net/ncurses/tack.html
tmux
terminal multiplexor
- [104]http://tmux.github.io/
+ [119]https://github.com/tmux/tmux/wiki
vile
vi-like-emacs may be built to use the terminfo, termcap or
curses interfaces.
- [105]http://invisible-island.net/vile/
+ [120]https://invisible-island.net/vile/
and finally, those which use only the termcap interface:
emacs
text editor
- [106]http://www.gnu.org/software/emacs/
+ [121]https://www.gnu.org/software/emacs/
+
+ less
+ The most commonly used pager (a program that displays text
+ files).
+
+ [122]http://www.greenwoodsoftware.com/less/
screen
terminal multiplexor
- [107]http://www.gnu.org/software/screen/
+ [123]https://www.gnu.org/software/screen/
vim
text editor
- [108]http://www.vim.org/
+ [124]https://www.vim.org/
Development activities
Zeyd Ben-Halim started ncurses from a previous package pcurses,
written by Pavel Curtis. Eric S. Raymond continued development.
Juergen Pfeifer wrote most of the form and menu libraries. Ongoing
- development work is done by [109]Thomas Dickey. Thomas Dickey also
+ development work is done by [125]Thomas Dickey. Thomas Dickey also
acts as the maintainer for the Free Software Foundation, which holds
- the [110]copyright on ncurses.
+ the [126]copyright on ncurses.
Contact the current maintainers at
- [111]bug-ncurses@gnu.org
+ [127]bug-ncurses@gnu.org
To join the ncurses mailing list, please write email to
- [112]bug-ncurses-request@gnu.org
+ [128]bug-ncurses-request@gnu.org
containing the line:
Beta versions of ncurses and patches to the current release are made
available at
- [113]ftp://invisible-island.net/ncurses/ .
+ [129]ftp://ftp.invisible-island.net/ncurses/ and
+ [130]https://invisible-mirror.net/archives/ncurses/ .
There is an archive of the mailing list here:
- [114]http://lists.gnu.org/archive/html/bug-ncurses (also
- [115]https)
+ [131]http://lists.gnu.org/archive/html/bug-ncurses (also
+ [132]https)
Related resources
The release notes make scattered references to these pages, which may
be interesting by themselves:
- * [116]man2html
- * [117]ncurses licensing
- * [118]Symbol versioning in ncurses
- * [119]The MinGW port of ncurses
- * [120]tack - terminfo action checker
- * [121]tar versus portability
- * [122]tctest - termcap library checker
- * [123]Terminal Database
+ * [133]ncurses licensing
+ * [134]Symbol versioning in ncurses
+ * [135]Comments on ncurses versus slang (S-Lang)
+ * [136]tack - terminfo action checker
+ * [137]tctest - termcap library checker
+ * [138]Terminal Database
Other resources
The distribution provides a newer version of the terminfo-format
- terminal description file once maintained by [124]Eric Raymond .
+ terminal description file once maintained by [139]Eric Raymond .
Unlike the older version, the termcap and terminfo data are provided
- in the same file, and provides several user-definable extensions
- beyond the X/Open specification.
+ in the same file, which also provides several user-definable
+ extensions beyond the X/Open specification.
You can find lots of information on terminal-related topics not
- covered in the terminfo file at [125]Richard Shuford's archive .
-
- * [126]Overview
- * [127]Release Notes
- + [128]Library improvements
- o [129]Output buffering
- o [130]Symbol versioning
- o [131]Miscellaneous
- + [132]Program improvements
- o [133]Utilities
- o [134]Examples
- + [135]Terminal database
- + [136]Documentation
- + [137]Interesting bug-fixes
- + [138]Configuration changes
- o [139]Major changes
- o [140]Configuration options
- + [141]Portability
- o [142]MinGW
- o [143]Other ports
- * [144]Features of ncurses
- * [145]Applications using ncurses
- * [146]Development activities
- * [147]Related resources
- * [148]Other resources
+ covered in the terminfo file at [140]Richard Shuford's archive .
+
+ * [141]Overview
+ * [142]Release Notes
+ + [143]Library improvements
+ o [144]New features
+ o [145]Other improvements
+ + [146]Program improvements
+ o [147]Utilities
+ o [148]Examples
+ + [149]Terminal database
+ + [150]Documentation
+ + [151]Interesting bug-fixes
+ + [152]Configuration changes
+ o [153]Major changes
+ o [154]Configuration options
+ + [155]Portability
+ * [156]Features of ncurses
+ * [157]Applications using ncurses
+ * [158]Development activities
+ * [159]Related resources
+ * [160]Other resources
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+ 2. https://invisible-island.net/ncurses/man/clear.1.html
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+ 4. https://invisible-island.net/ncurses/man/tabs.1.html
+ 5. https://invisible-island.net/ncurses/man/tic.1m.html
+ 6. https://invisible-island.net/ncurses/man/toe.1m.html
+ 7. https://invisible-island.net/ncurses/man/tput.1.html
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+ 15. https://invisible-island.net/ncurses/tctest.html#bsd42-numeric-caps
+ 16. https://invisible-island.net/ncurses/ncurses-slang.html#cause_numbers
+ 17. https://invisible-island.net/ncurses/tack.html#portable
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+ 19. https://invisible-island.net/ncurses/man/curs_attr.3x.html#h2-EXTENSIONS
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+ 24. https://invisible-island.net/ncurses/man/clear.1.html
+ 25. https://invisible-island.net/ncurses/tctest.html#bsd42-ctl-question
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+ 27. https://invisible-island.net/ncurses/ncurses-examples.html
+ 28. https://invisible-island.net/ncurses/man/new_pair.3x.html#h3-alloc_pair
+ 29. https://invisible-island.net/ncurses/man/new_pair.3x.html#h3-find_pair
+ 30. https://invisible-island.net/ncurses/man/new_pair.3x.html#h3-free_pair
+ 31. https://invisible-island.net/ncurses/ncurses-slang.html#compare_picsmap
+ 32. https://invisible-island.net/dialog/
+ 33. https://invisible-island.net/dialog/manpage/dialog.html#h3-Common-Options
+ 34. https://invisible-island.net/xterm/xterm.log.html#xterm_331
+ 35. https://invisible-island.net/ncurses/terminfo.src.html#toc-_A_N_S_I__S_Y_S__I_S_O_6429__E_C_M_A-48__Capabilities
+ 36. https://invisible-island.net/ncurses/terminfo.src.html#tic-icl6404
+ 37. https://invisible-island.net/ncurses/terminfo.src.html#tic-interix
+ 38. https://invisible-island.net/ncurses/terminfo.src.html#toc-_Linux_consoles
+ 39. https://invisible-island.net/ncurses/terminfo.src.html#toc-_Open_B_S_D_consoles
+ 40. https://invisible-island.net/ncurses/terminfo.src.html#toc-_Tmux
+ 41. https://invisible-island.net/ncurses/terminfo.src.html#toc-_D_E_C__V_T100_and_compatibles
+ 42. https://invisible-island.net/ncurses/terminfo.src.html#toc-_G_N_O_M_E__V_T_E_
+ 43. https://invisible-island.net/ncurses/terminfo.src.html#toc-_X_T_E_R_M
+ 44. https://invisible-island.net/xterm/xterm.log.html#xterm_32
+ 45. https://invisible-island.net/xterm/xterm.log.html#xterm_272
+ 46. https://invisible-island.net/ncurses/NEWS.html
+ 47. https://invisible-island.net/ncurses/man/clear.1.html#h2-HISTORY
+ 48. https://invisible-island.net/ncurses/man/clear.1.html#h2-HISTORY
+ 49. https://invisible-island.net/ncurses/man/clear.1.html#h2-HISTORY
+ 50. https://invisible-island.net/ncurses/man/curs_addch.3x.html#h2-PORTABILITY
+ 51. https://invisible-island.net/ncurses/man/curs_attr.3x.html#h2-HISTORY
+ 52. https://invisible-island.net/ncurses/man/curs_attr.3x.html#h2-HISTORY
+ 53. https://invisible-island.net/ncurses/man/curs_attr.3x.html#h2-PORTABILITY
+ 54. https://invisible-island.net/ncurses/man/curs_mouse.3x.html#h2-PORTABILITY
+ 55. https://invisible-island.net/ncurses/man/curs_pad.3x.html#h2-PORTABILITY
+ 56. https://invisible-island.net/ncurses/man/curs_slk.3x.html#h2-PORTABILITY
+ 57. https://invisible-island.net/ncurses/man/resizeterm.3x.html#h2-PORTABILITY
+ 58. https://invisible-island.net/ncurses/man/wresize.3x.html#h2-PORTABILITY
+ 59. https://invisible-island.net/ncurses/man/curs_addch.3x.html#h3-ACS-Symbols
+ 60. https://invisible-island.net/ncurses/man/curs_add_wch.3x.html
+ 61. https://invisible-island.net/ncurses/man/clear.1.html#h2-DESCRIPTION
+ 62. https://invisible-island.net/ncurses/man/curs_initscr.3x.html#h3-endwin
+ 63. https://invisible-island.net/ncurses/man/form_driver.3x.html
+ 64. https://invisible-island.net/ncurses/man/curs_get_wstr.3x.html#h2-RETURN-VALUE
+ 65. https://invisible-island.net/ncurses/man/curs_getch.3x.html#h3-Predefined-key-codes
+ 66. https://invisible-island.net/ncurses/man/curs_getch.3x.html#h3-Keypad-Mode
+ 67. https://invisible-island.net/ncurses/man/curs_get_wch.3x.html#h2-DESCRIPTION
+ 68. https://invisible-island.net/ncurses/man/infocmp.1m.html
+ 69. https://invisible-island.net/ncurses/man/resizeterm.3x.html#h2-NOTES
+ 70. https://invisible-island.net/ncurses/man/curs_extend.3x#h2-RETURN-VALUE
+ 71. https://invisible-island.net/ncurses/man/curs_variables.3x.html#h2-PORTABILITY
+ 72. https://invisible-island.net/ncurses/man/curs_memleaks.3x.html
+ 73. https://invisible-island.net/ncurses/man/tic.1m.html
+ 74. https://invisible-island.net/ncurses/man/terminfo.5.html#h3-Terminfo-Capabilities-Syntax
+ 75. https://invisible-island.net/ncurses/man/terminfo.5.html#h3-Line-Graphics
+ 76. https://invisible-island.net/ncurses/man/terminfo.5.html#h3-Color-Handling
+ 77. https://invisible-island.net/ncurses/man/tput.1.html#h2-PORTABILITY
+ 78. https://invisible-island.net/ncurses/man/tput.1.html#h3-Aliases
+ 79. https://invisible-island.net/ncurses/man/tic.1m.html#h2-OPTIONS
+ 80. https://invisible-island.net/ncurses/man/infocmp.1m.html#h3-Other-Options
+ 81. https://invisible-island.net/ncurses/man/tset.1.html
+ 82. https://invisible-island.net/ncurses/man/curs_termcap.3x.html#h3-FORMATTING-CAPABILITIES
+ 83. https://invisible-island.net/ncurses/man/user_caps.5.html
+ 84. https://invisible-island.net/ncurses/man/scr_dump.5.html
+ 85. https://invisible-island.net/ncurses/man/curs_sp_funcs.3x.html
+ 86. https://invisible-island.net/ncurses/man/curs_threads.3x.html
+ 87. https://invisible-island.net/ncurses/man/curs_attr.3x.html
+ 88. file:///ncurses/man/curs_color.3x.html
+ 89. file:///usr/build/ncurses/ncurses-6.1-20180127/doc/html/announce.html#h4-new-library
+ 90. https://invisible-island.net/ncurses/ncurses-slang.html#compare_picsmap
+ 91. https://invisible-island.net/ncurses/tack/CHANGES.html#index-t20170726
+ 92. https://invisible-island.net/ncurses/NEWS.html#t20111030
+ 93. https://invisible-island.net/ncurses/NEWS.html#t20000708
+ 94. https://invisible-island.net/ncurses/ncurses-netbsd.html
+ 95. https://invisible-island.net/ncurses/man/curs_util.3x.html#h3-use_env
+ 96. https://invisible-island.net/ncurses/man/curs_termattrs.3x.html#h3-baudrate
+ 97. https://invisible-island.net/mawk/CHANGES.html#t20090727
+ 98. https://invisible-island.net/ncurses/man/tic.1m.html
+ 99. https://invisible-island.net/ncurses/man/captoinfo.1m.html
+ 100. https://invisible-island.net/ncurses/man/tset.1.html
+ 101. https://invisible-island.net/ncurses/man/toe.1m.html
+ 102. https://invisible-island.net/ncurses/ncurses.faq.html#additional_reading
+ 103. https://invisible-island.net/ncurses/ncurses.faq.html
+ 104. https://invisible-island.net/ncurses/ncurses-examples.html
+ 105. https://wiki.debian.org/Aptitude
+ 106. https://invisible-island.net/cdk/
+ 107. https://invisible-island.net/ded/
+ 108. https://invisible-island.net/dialog/
+ 109. https://lynx.invisible-island.net/
+ 110. http://www.mutt.org/
+ 111. https://www.ncftp.com/
+ 112. https://sites.google.com/a/bostic.com/keithbostic/vi
+ 113. https://ranger.github.io/
+ 114. http://www.tin.org/
+ 115. https://vifm.info/
+ 116. https://alioth.debian.org/projects/minicom/
+ 117. https://mosh.mit.edu/
+ 118. https://invisible-island.net/ncurses/tack.html
+ 119. https://github.com/tmux/tmux/wiki
+ 120. https://invisible-island.net/vile/
+ 121. https://www.gnu.org/software/emacs/
+ 122. http://www.greenwoodsoftware.com/less/
+ 123. https://www.gnu.org/software/screen/
+ 124. https://www.vim.org/
+ 125. mailto:dickey@invisible-island.net
+ 126. https://invisible-island.net/ncurses/ncurses-license.html
+ 127. mailto:bug-ncurses@gnu.org
+ 128. mailto:bug-ncurses-request@gnu.org
+ 129. ftp://ftp.invisible-island.net/ncurses/
+ 130. https://invisible-mirror.net/archives/ncurses/
+ 131. http://lists.gnu.org/archive/html/bug-ncurses
+ 132. https://lists.gnu.org/archive/html/bug-ncurses
+ 133. https://invisible-island.net/ncurses/ncurses-license.html
+ 134. https://invisible-island.net/ncurses/ncurses-mapsyms.html
+ 135. https://invisible-island.net/ncurses/ncurses-slang.html
+ 136. https://invisible-island.net/ncurses/tack.html
+ 137. https://invisible-island.net/ncurses/tctest.html
+ 138. https://invisible-island.net/ncurses/ncurses.html#download_database
+ 139. http://www.catb.org/~esr/terminfo/
+ 140. http://web.archive.org/web/*/http://www.cs.utk.edu/~shuford/terminal
+ 141. file:///usr/build/ncurses/ncurses-6.1-20180127/doc/html/announce.html#h2-overview
+ 142. file:///usr/build/ncurses/ncurses-6.1-20180127/doc/html/announce.html#h2-release-notes
+ 143. file:///usr/build/ncurses/ncurses-6.1-20180127/doc/html/announce.html#h3-library
+ 144. file:///usr/build/ncurses/ncurses-6.1-20180127/doc/html/announce.html#h4-new-library
+ 145. file:///usr/build/ncurses/ncurses-6.1-20180127/doc/html/announce.html#h4-fixes-library
+ 146. file:///usr/build/ncurses/ncurses-6.1-20180127/doc/html/announce.html#h3-programs
+ 147. file:///usr/build/ncurses/ncurses-6.1-20180127/doc/html/announce.html#h4-utilities
+ 148. file:///usr/build/ncurses/ncurses-6.1-20180127/doc/html/announce.html#h4-examples
+ 149. file:///usr/build/ncurses/ncurses-6.1-20180127/doc/html/announce.html#h3-database
+ 150. file:///usr/build/ncurses/ncurses-6.1-20180127/doc/html/announce.html#h3-documentation
+ 151. file:///usr/build/ncurses/ncurses-6.1-20180127/doc/html/announce.html#h3-bug-fixes
+ 152. file:///usr/build/ncurses/ncurses-6.1-20180127/doc/html/announce.html#h3-config-config
+ 153. file:///usr/build/ncurses/ncurses-6.1-20180127/doc/html/announce.html#h4-config-major
+ 154. file:///usr/build/ncurses/ncurses-6.1-20180127/doc/html/announce.html#h4-config-options
+ 155. file:///usr/build/ncurses/ncurses-6.1-20180127/doc/html/announce.html#h3-portability
+ 156. file:///usr/build/ncurses/ncurses-6.1-20180127/doc/html/announce.html#h2-features
+ 157. file:///usr/build/ncurses/ncurses-6.1-20180127/doc/html/announce.html#h2-who-uses
+ 158. file:///usr/build/ncurses/ncurses-6.1-20180127/doc/html/announce.html#h2-development
+ 159. file:///usr/build/ncurses/ncurses-6.1-20180127/doc/html/announce.html#h2-this-stuff
+ 160. file:///usr/build/ncurses/ncurses-6.1-20180127/doc/html/announce.html#h2-other-stuff
projects / ncurses.git / blobdiff