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-<H1>curs_bkgd 3x</H1>
-<HR>
+<H1 class="no-header">curs_bkgd 3x</H1>
<PRE>
-<!-- Manpage converted by man2html 3.0.1 -->
-<STRONG><A HREF="curs_bkgd.3x.html">curs_bkgd(3x)</A></STRONG> <STRONG><A HREF="curs_bkgd.3x.html">curs_bkgd(3x)</A></STRONG>
+<STRONG><A HREF="curs_bkgd.3x.html">curs_bkgd(3x)</A></STRONG> <STRONG><A HREF="curs_bkgd.3x.html">curs_bkgd(3x)</A></STRONG>
-</PRE>
-<H2>NAME</H2><PRE>
- <STRONG>bkgdset</STRONG>, <STRONG>wbkgdset</STRONG>, <STRONG>bkgd</STRONG>, <STRONG>wbkgd</STRONG>, <STRONG>getbkgd</STRONG> - <STRONG>curses</STRONG> window
- background manipulation routines
+</PRE><H2><a name="h2-NAME">NAME</a></H2><PRE>
+ <STRONG>bkgdset</STRONG>, <STRONG>wbkgdset</STRONG>, <STRONG>bkgd</STRONG>, <STRONG>wbkgd</STRONG>, <STRONG>getbkgd</STRONG> - <STRONG>curses</STRONG> window background
+ manipulation routines
-</PRE>
-<H2>SYNOPSIS</H2><PRE>
+</PRE><H2><a name="h2-SYNOPSIS">SYNOPSIS</a></H2><PRE>
<STRONG>#include</STRONG> <STRONG><curses.h></STRONG>
- <STRONG>void</STRONG> <STRONG>bkgdset(chtype</STRONG> <STRONG>ch);</STRONG>
- <STRONG>void</STRONG> <STRONG>wbkgdset(WINDOW</STRONG> <STRONG>*win,</STRONG> <STRONG>chtype</STRONG> <STRONG>ch);</STRONG>
- <STRONG>int</STRONG> <STRONG>bkgd(chtype</STRONG> <STRONG>ch);</STRONG>
- <STRONG>int</STRONG> <STRONG>wbkgd(WINDOW</STRONG> <STRONG>*win,</STRONG> <STRONG>chtype</STRONG> <STRONG>ch);</STRONG>
- <STRONG>chtype</STRONG> <STRONG>getbkgd(WINDOW</STRONG> <STRONG>*win);</STRONG>
+ <STRONG>void</STRONG> <STRONG>bkgdset(chtype</STRONG> <EM>ch</EM><STRONG>);</STRONG>
+ <STRONG>void</STRONG> <STRONG>wbkgdset(WINDOW</STRONG> <STRONG>*</STRONG><EM>win,</EM> <EM>chtype</EM> <EM>ch</EM><STRONG>);</STRONG>
+ <STRONG>int</STRONG> <STRONG>bkgd(chtype</STRONG> <EM>ch</EM><STRONG>);</STRONG>
+ <STRONG>int</STRONG> <STRONG>wbkgd(WINDOW</STRONG> <STRONG>*</STRONG><EM>win</EM><STRONG>,</STRONG> <STRONG>chtype</STRONG> <EM>ch</EM><STRONG>);</STRONG>
+ <STRONG>chtype</STRONG> <STRONG>getbkgd(WINDOW</STRONG> <STRONG>*</STRONG><EM>win</EM><STRONG>);</STRONG>
-</PRE>
-<H2>DESCRIPTION</H2><PRE>
- The <STRONG>bkgdset</STRONG> and <STRONG>wbkgdset</STRONG> routines manipulate the back-
- ground of the named window. The window background is a
- <STRONG>chtype</STRONG> consisting of any combination of attributes (i.e.,
- rendition) and a character. The attribute part of the
- background is combined (OR'ed) with all non-blank charac-
- ters that are written into the window with <STRONG>waddch</STRONG>. Both
- the character and attribute parts of the background are
- combined with the blank characters. The background
- becomes a property of the character and moves with the
- character through any scrolling and insert/delete
+</PRE><H2><a name="h2-DESCRIPTION">DESCRIPTION</a></H2><PRE>
+
+</PRE><H3><a name="h3-bkgdset">bkgdset</a></H3><PRE>
+ The <STRONG>bkgdset</STRONG> and <STRONG>wbkgdset</STRONG> routines manipulate the background of the
+ named window. The window background is a <STRONG>chtype</STRONG> consisting of any com-
+ bination of attributes (i.e., rendition) and a character. The
+ attribute part of the background is combined (OR'ed) with all non-blank
+ characters that are written into the window with <STRONG>waddch</STRONG>. Both the
+ character and attribute parts of the background are combined with the
+ blank characters. The background becomes a property of the character
+ and moves with the character through any scrolling and insert/delete
line/character operations.
- To the extent possible on a particular terminal, the
- attribute part of the background is displayed as the
- graphic rendition of the character put on the screen.
+ To the extent possible on a particular terminal, the attribute part of
+ the background is displayed as the graphic rendition of the character
+ put on the screen.
- The <STRONG>bkgd</STRONG> and <STRONG>wbkgd</STRONG> functions set the background property
- of the current or specified window and then apply this
- setting to every character position in that window:
- The rendition of every character on the screen is
- changed to the new background rendition.
+</PRE><H3><a name="h3-bkgd">bkgd</a></H3><PRE>
+ The <STRONG>bkgd</STRONG> and <STRONG>wbkgd</STRONG> functions set the background property of the current
+ or specified window and then apply this setting to every character
+ position in that window. According to X/Open Curses, it should do
+ this:
- Wherever the former background character appears,
- it is changed to the new background character.
+ <STRONG>o</STRONG> The rendition of every character on the screen is changed to the
+ new background rendition.
- The <STRONG>getbkgd</STRONG> function returns the given window's current
- background character/attribute pair.
+ <STRONG>o</STRONG> Wherever the former background character appears, it is changed to
+ the new background character.
+ Neither X/Open Curses nor the SVr4 manual pages give details about the
+ way the rendition of characters on the screen is updated when <STRONG>bkgd</STRONG> or
+ <STRONG>wbkgd</STRONG> is used to change the background character.
-</PRE>
-<H2>RETURN VALUE</H2><PRE>
- The routines <STRONG>bkgd</STRONG> and <STRONG>wbkgd</STRONG> return the integer <STRONG>OK</STRONG>. The
- SVr4.0 manual says "or a non-negative integer if <STRONG>immedok</STRONG>
- is set", but this appears to be an error.
+ This implementation, like SVr4 curses, does not store the background
+ and window attribute contributions to each cell separately. It updates
+ the rendition by comparing the character, non-color attributes and col-
+ ors contained in the background. For each cell in the window, whether
+ or not it is blank:
+ <STRONG>o</STRONG> The library first compares the <EM>character</EM>, and if it matches the
+ current character part of the background, it replaces that with the
+ new background character.
-</PRE>
-<H2>NOTES</H2><PRE>
+ <STRONG>o</STRONG> The library then checks if the cell uses color, i.e., its color
+ pair value is nonzero. If not, it simply replaces the attributes
+ and color pair in the cell with those from the new background char-
+ acter.
+
+ <STRONG>o</STRONG> If the cell uses color, and that matches the color in the current
+ background, the library removes attributes which may have come from
+ the current background and adds attributes from the new background.
+ It finishes by setting the cell to use the color from the new back-
+ ground.
+
+ <STRONG>o</STRONG> If the cell uses color, and that does not match the color in the
+ current background, the library updates only the non-color
+ attributes, first removing those which may have come from the cur-
+ rent background, and then adding attributes from the new back-
+ ground.
+
+ If the background's character value is zero, a space is assumed.
+
+ If the terminal does not support color, or if color has not been
+ started with <STRONG>start_color</STRONG>, the new background character's color
+ attribute will be ignored.
+
+
+</PRE><H3><a name="h3-getbkgd">getbkgd</a></H3><PRE>
+ The <STRONG>getbkgd</STRONG> function returns the given window's current background
+ character/attribute pair.
+
+
+</PRE><H2><a name="h2-RETURN-VALUE">RETURN VALUE</a></H2><PRE>
+ These functions are described in the XSI Curses standard, Issue 4. It
+ specifies that <STRONG>bkgd</STRONG> and <STRONG>wbkgd</STRONG> return <STRONG>ERR</STRONG> on failure, but gives no fail-
+ ure conditions.
+
+ The routines <STRONG>bkgd</STRONG> and <STRONG>wbkgd</STRONG> return the integer <STRONG>OK</STRONG>, unless the library
+ has not been initialized.
+
+ In contrast, the SVr4.0 manual says <STRONG>bkgd</STRONG> and <STRONG>wbkgd</STRONG> may return <STRONG>OK</STRONG> "or a
+ non-negative integer if <STRONG>immedok</STRONG> is set", which refers to the return
+ value from <STRONG>wrefresh</STRONG> (used to implement the immediate repainting). The
+ SVr4 curses <STRONG>wrefresh</STRONG> returns the number of characters written to the
+ screen during the refresh. This implementation does not do that.
+
+
+</PRE><H2><a name="h2-NOTES">NOTES</a></H2><PRE>
Note that <STRONG>bkgdset</STRONG> and <STRONG>bkgd</STRONG> may be macros.
+ X/Open Curses mentions that the character part of the background must
+ be a single-byte value. This implementation, like SVr4, checks to
+ ensure that, and will reuse the old background character if the check
+ fails.
-</PRE>
-<H2>PORTABILITY</H2><PRE>
- These functions are described in the XSI Curses standard,
- Issue 4. It specifies that <STRONG>bkgd</STRONG> and <STRONG>wbkgd</STRONG> return <STRONG>ERR</STRONG> on
- failure, but gives no failure conditions.
+</PRE><H2><a name="h2-PORTABILITY">PORTABILITY</a></H2><PRE>
+ These functions are described in the XSI Curses standard, Issue 4
+ (X/Open Curses).
-</PRE>
-<H2>SEE ALSO</H2><PRE>
- <STRONG><A HREF="ncurses.3x.html">curses(3x)</A></STRONG>, <STRONG><A HREF="curs_addch.3x.html">curs_addch(3x)</A></STRONG>, <STRONG><A HREF="curs_attr.3x.html">curs_attr(3x)</A></STRONG>, <STRONG>curs_out-</STRONG>
- <STRONG><A HREF="curs_outopts.3x.html">opts(3x)</A></STRONG>
+
+</PRE><H2><a name="h2-SEE-ALSO">SEE ALSO</a></H2><PRE>
+ <STRONG><A HREF="ncurses.3x.html">curses(3x)</A></STRONG>, <STRONG><A HREF="curs_addch.3x.html">curs_addch(3x)</A></STRONG>, <STRONG><A HREF="curs_attr.3x.html">curs_attr(3x)</A></STRONG>, <STRONG><A HREF="curs_outopts.3x.html">curs_outopts(3x)</A></STRONG>
- <STRONG><A HREF="curs_bkgd.3x.html">curs_bkgd(3x)</A></STRONG>
+
<STRONG><A HREF="curs_bkgd.3x.html">curs_bkgd(3x)</A></STRONG>
</PRE>
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-<ADDRESS>
-Man(1) output converted with
-<a href="http://www.oac.uci.edu/indiv/ehood/man2html.html">man2html</a>
-</ADDRESS>
+<div class="nav">
+<ul>
+<li><a href="#h2-NAME">NAME</a></li>
+<li><a href="#h2-SYNOPSIS">SYNOPSIS</a></li>
+<li><a href="#h2-DESCRIPTION">DESCRIPTION</a>
+<ul>
+<li><a href="#h3-bkgdset">bkgdset</a></li>
+<li><a href="#h3-bkgd">bkgd</a></li>
+<li><a href="#h3-getbkgd">getbkgd</a></li>
+</ul>
+</li>
+<li><a href="#h2-RETURN-VALUE">RETURN VALUE</a></li>
+<li><a href="#h2-NOTES">NOTES</a></li>
+<li><a href="#h2-PORTABILITY">PORTABILITY</a></li>
+<li><a href="#h2-SEE-ALSO">SEE ALSO</a></li>
+</ul>
+</div>
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