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- * @Id: curs_getch.3x,v 1.77 2023/12/23 16:36:18 tom Exp @
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-<H1 class="no-header">curs_getch 3x 2023-12-23 ncurses 6.4 Library calls</H1>
+<H1 class="no-header">curs_getch 3x 2024-02-17 ncurses 6.4 Library calls</H1>
<PRE>
<STRONG><A HREF="curs_getch.3x.html">curs_getch(3x)</A></STRONG> Library calls <STRONG><A HREF="curs_getch.3x.html">curs_getch(3x)</A></STRONG>
returns <STRONG>ERR</STRONG> if there is no more room in the FIFO.
<STRONG>wgetch</STRONG>
- returns <STRONG>ERR</STRONG> if the window pointer is null, or if its timeout
- expires without having any data, or if the execution was
- interrupted by a signal (<STRONG>errno</STRONG> will be set to <STRONG>EINTR</STRONG>).
+ returns <STRONG>ERR</STRONG>
- Functions with a "mv" prefix first perform a cursor movement using
+ <STRONG>o</STRONG> if the window pointer is null, or
+
+ <STRONG>o</STRONG> if its timeout expires without having any data, or
+
+ <STRONG>o</STRONG> if the execution was interrupted by a signal (<STRONG>errno</STRONG> will be
+ set to <STRONG>EINTR</STRONG>).
+
+ Functions with a "mv" prefix first perform a cursor movement using
<STRONG>wmove</STRONG>, and return an error if the position is outside the window, or if
the window pointer is null.
</PRE><H2><a name="h2-NOTES">NOTES</a></H2><PRE>
- Use of the escape key by a programmer for a single character function
- is discouraged, as it will cause a delay of up to one second while the
+ Use of the escape key by a programmer for a single character function
+ is discouraged, as it will cause a delay of up to one second while the
keypad code looks for a following function-key sequence.
- Some keys may be the same as commonly used control keys, e.g.,
+ Some keys may be the same as commonly used control keys, e.g.,
<STRONG>KEY_ENTER</STRONG> versus control/M, <STRONG>KEY_BACKSPACE</STRONG> versus control/H. Some
curses implementations may differ according to whether they treat these
- control keys specially (and ignore the terminfo), or use the terminfo
- definitions. <EM>ncurses</EM> uses the terminfo definition. If it says that
- <STRONG>KEY_ENTER</STRONG> is control/M, <STRONG>getch</STRONG> will return <STRONG>KEY_ENTER</STRONG> when you press
+ control keys specially (and ignore the terminfo), or use the terminfo
+ definitions. <EM>ncurses</EM> uses the terminfo definition. If it says that
+ <STRONG>KEY_ENTER</STRONG> is control/M, <STRONG>getch</STRONG> will return <STRONG>KEY_ENTER</STRONG> when you press
control/M.
- Generally, <STRONG>KEY_ENTER</STRONG> denotes the character(s) sent by the <EM>Enter</EM> key on
+ Generally, <STRONG>KEY_ENTER</STRONG> denotes the character(s) sent by the <EM>Enter</EM> key on
the numeric keypad:
<STRONG>o</STRONG> the terminal description lists the most useful keys,
- <STRONG>o</STRONG> the <EM>Enter</EM> key on the regular keyboard is already handled by the
+ <STRONG>o</STRONG> the <EM>Enter</EM> key on the regular keyboard is already handled by the
standard ASCII characters for carriage-return and line-feed,
<STRONG>o</STRONG> depending on whether <STRONG>nl</STRONG> or <STRONG>nonl</STRONG> was called, pressing "Enter" on the
- regular keyboard may return either a carriage-return or line-feed,
+ regular keyboard may return either a carriage-return or line-feed,
and finally
<STRONG>o</STRONG> "Enter or send" is the standard description for this key.
- When using <STRONG>getch</STRONG>, <STRONG>wgetch</STRONG>, <STRONG>mvgetch</STRONG>, or <STRONG>mvwgetch</STRONG>, nocbreak mode
- (<STRONG>nocbreak</STRONG>) and echo mode (<STRONG>echo</STRONG>) should not be used at the same time.
- Depending on the state of the tty driver when each character is typed,
+ When using <STRONG>getch</STRONG>, <STRONG>wgetch</STRONG>, <STRONG>mvgetch</STRONG>, or <STRONG>mvwgetch</STRONG>, nocbreak mode
+ (<STRONG>nocbreak</STRONG>) and echo mode (<STRONG>echo</STRONG>) should not be used at the same time.
+ Depending on the state of the tty driver when each character is typed,
the program may produce undesirable results.
Note that <STRONG>getch</STRONG>, <STRONG>mvgetch</STRONG>, and <STRONG>mvwgetch</STRONG> may be macros.
- Historically, the set of keypad macros was largely defined by the
- extremely function-key-rich keyboard of the AT&T 7300, aka 3B1, aka
- Safari 4. Modern personal computers usually have only a small subset
- of these. IBM PC-style consoles typically support little more than
- <STRONG>KEY_UP</STRONG>, <STRONG>KEY_DOWN</STRONG>, <STRONG>KEY_LEFT</STRONG>, <STRONG>KEY_RIGHT</STRONG>, <STRONG>KEY_HOME</STRONG>, <STRONG>KEY_END</STRONG>, <STRONG>KEY_NPAGE</STRONG>,
- <STRONG>KEY_PPAGE</STRONG>, and function keys 1 through 12. The Ins key is usually
+ Historically, the set of keypad macros was largely defined by the
+ extremely function-key-rich keyboard of the AT&T 7300, aka 3B1, aka
+ Safari 4. Modern personal computers usually have only a small subset
+ of these. IBM PC-style consoles typically support little more than
+ <STRONG>KEY_UP</STRONG>, <STRONG>KEY_DOWN</STRONG>, <STRONG>KEY_LEFT</STRONG>, <STRONG>KEY_RIGHT</STRONG>, <STRONG>KEY_HOME</STRONG>, <STRONG>KEY_END</STRONG>, <STRONG>KEY_NPAGE</STRONG>,
+ <STRONG>KEY_PPAGE</STRONG>, and function keys 1 through 12. The Ins key is usually
mapped to <STRONG>KEY_IC</STRONG>.
</PRE><H2><a name="h2-EXTENSIONS">EXTENSIONS</a></H2><PRE>
- <STRONG>has_key</STRONG> was designed for <STRONG><A HREF="ncurses.3x.html">ncurses(3x)</A></STRONG>, and is not found in SVr4 <EM>curses</EM>,
+ <STRONG>has_key</STRONG> was designed for <STRONG><A HREF="ncurses.3x.html">ncurses(3x)</A></STRONG>, and is not found in SVr4 <EM>curses</EM>,
4.4BSD <EM>curses</EM>, or any other previous curses implementation.
Applications employing <EM>ncurses</EM> extensions should condition their use on
the visibility of the <STRONG>NCURSES_VERSION</STRONG> preprocessor macro.
- X/Open Curses, Issue 4, Version 2, describes <STRONG>getch</STRONG>, <STRONG>wgetch</STRONG>, <STRONG>mvgetch</STRONG>,
- <STRONG>mvwgetch</STRONG>, and <STRONG>ungetch</STRONG>. They read single-byte characters only. The
- standard specifies that they return <STRONG>ERR</STRONG> on failure, but describes no
+ X/Open Curses, Issue 4, Version 2, describes <STRONG>getch</STRONG>, <STRONG>wgetch</STRONG>, <STRONG>mvgetch</STRONG>,
+ <STRONG>mvwgetch</STRONG>, and <STRONG>ungetch</STRONG>. They read single-byte characters only. The
+ standard specifies that they return <STRONG>ERR</STRONG> on failure, but describes no
failure conditions.
- The echo behavior of these functions on input of <STRONG>KEY_</STRONG> or backspace
- characters was not specified in the SVr4 documentation. This
+ The echo behavior of these functions on input of <STRONG>KEY_</STRONG> or backspace
+ characters was not specified in the SVr4 documentation. This
description is adapted from X/Open Curses.
The behavior of <STRONG>getch</STRONG> and friends in the presence of signal handlers is
unspecified in the SVr4 documentation and X/Open Curses. Under
- historical curses implementations, it varied depending on whether the
- operating system's dispatch of a signal to a handler interrupts a
- <STRONG>read(2)</STRONG> call in progress or not, and also (in some implementations)
+ historical curses implementations, it varied depending on whether the
+ operating system's dispatch of a signal to a handler interrupts a
+ <STRONG>read(2)</STRONG> call in progress or not, and also (in some implementations)
whether an input timeout or non-blocking mode has been set.
<STRONG>KEY_MOUSE</STRONG> is mentioned in X/Open Curses, along with a few related <EM>term-</EM>
- <EM>info</EM> capabilities, but no higher-level functions use the feature. The
+ <EM>info</EM> capabilities, but no higher-level functions use the feature. The
implementation in <EM>ncurses</EM> is an extension.
- <STRONG>KEY_RESIZE</STRONG> is an extension first implemented for <EM>ncurses.</EM> NetBSD
+ <STRONG>KEY_RESIZE</STRONG> is an extension first implemented for <EM>ncurses.</EM> NetBSD
<EM>curses</EM> later added this extension.
- Programmers concerned about portability should be prepared for either
- of two cases: (a) signal receipt does not interrupt <STRONG>getch</STRONG>; (b) signal
- receipt interrupts <STRONG>getch</STRONG> and causes it to return <STRONG>ERR</STRONG> with <STRONG>errno</STRONG> set to
+ Programmers concerned about portability should be prepared for either
+ of two cases: (a) signal receipt does not interrupt <STRONG>getch</STRONG>; (b) signal
+ receipt interrupts <STRONG>getch</STRONG> and causes it to return <STRONG>ERR</STRONG> with <STRONG>errno</STRONG> set to
<STRONG>EINTR</STRONG>.
- The <STRONG>has_key</STRONG> function is unique to <EM>ncurses</EM>. We recommend that any code
+ The <STRONG>has_key</STRONG> function is unique to <EM>ncurses</EM>. We recommend that any code
using it be conditionalized on the <STRONG>NCURSES_VERSION</STRONG> feature macro.
<STRONG><A HREF="ncurses.3x.html">curses(3x)</A></STRONG>, <STRONG><A HREF="curs_inopts.3x.html">curs_inopts(3x)</A></STRONG>, <STRONG><A HREF="curs_mouse.3x.html">curs_mouse(3x)</A></STRONG>, <STRONG><A HREF="curs_move.3x.html">curs_move(3x)</A></STRONG>,
<STRONG><A HREF="curs_outopts.3x.html">curs_outopts(3x)</A></STRONG>, <STRONG><A HREF="curs_refresh.3x.html">curs_refresh(3x)</A></STRONG>, <STRONG><A HREF="curs_variables.3x.html">curs_variables(3x)</A></STRONG>, <STRONG><A HREF="resizeterm.3x.html">resizeterm(3x)</A></STRONG>
- Comparable functions in the wide-character (ncursesw) library are
+ Comparable functions in the wide-character (ncursesw) library are
described in <STRONG><A HREF="curs_get_wch.3x.html">curs_get_wch(3x)</A></STRONG>.
-ncurses 6.4 202
3-12-23 <STRONG><A HREF="curs_getch.3x.html">curs_getch(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ncurses 6.4 202
4-02-17 <STRONG><A HREF="curs_getch.3x.html">curs_getch(3x)</A></STRONG>
</PRE>
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