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- * Copyright (c) 1998-2015,2017 Free Software Foundation, Inc. *
+ * Copyright 2018-2023,2024 Thomas E. Dickey *
+ * Copyright 1998-2015,2017 Free Software Foundation, Inc. *
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* copy of this software and associated documentation files (the *
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- * @Id: ncurses.3x,v 1.125 2017/01/07 19:25:15 tom Exp @
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-<H1 class="no-header">ncurses 3x</H1>
+<H1 class="no-header">ncurses 3x 2024-04-13 ncurses 6.4 Library calls</H1>
<PRE>
-<STRONG><A HREF="ncurses.3x.html">ncurses(3x)</A></STRONG>
<STRONG><A HREF="ncurses.3x.html">ncurses(3x)</A></STRONG>
+<STRONG><A HREF="ncurses.3x.html">ncurses(3x)</A></STRONG>
Library calls <STRONG><A HREF="ncurses.3x.html">ncurses(3x)</A></STRONG>
</PRE><H2><a name="h2-NAME">NAME</a></H2><PRE>
- <STRONG>ncurses</STRONG> - CRT screen handling and optimization package
+ <STRONG>ncurses</STRONG> - character-cell terminal interface with optimized output
</PRE><H2><a name="h2-SYNOPSIS">SYNOPSIS</a></H2><PRE>
</PRE><H2><a name="h2-DESCRIPTION">DESCRIPTION</a></H2><PRE>
- The <STRONG>ncurses</STRONG> library routines give the user a terminal-
- independent method of updating character screens with rea-
- sonable optimization. This implementation is "new curses"
- (ncurses) and is the approved replacement for 4.4BSD clas-
- sic curses, which has been discontinued. This describes
- <STRONG>ncurses</STRONG> version 6.0 (patch 20170121).
-
- The <STRONG>ncurses</STRONG> library emulates the curses library of System
- V Release 4 UNIX, and XPG4 (X/Open Portability Guide)
- curses (also known as XSI curses). XSI stands for X/Open
- System Interfaces Extension. The <STRONG>ncurses</STRONG> library is
- freely redistributable in source form. Differences from
- the SVr4 curses are summarized under the <STRONG>EXTENSIONS</STRONG> and
- <STRONG>PORTABILITY</STRONG> sections below and described in detail in the
- respective <STRONG>EXTENSIONS</STRONG>, <STRONG>PORTABILITY</STRONG> and <STRONG>BUGS</STRONG> sections of
- individual man pages.
-
- The <STRONG>ncurses</STRONG> library also provides many useful extensions,
- i.e., features which cannot be implemented by a simple
- add-on library but which require access to the internals
- of the library.
-
- A program using these routines must be linked with the
- <STRONG>-lncurses</STRONG> option, or (if it has been generated) with the
- debugging library <STRONG>-lncurses_g</STRONG>. (Your system integrator
- may also have installed these libraries under the names
- <STRONG>-lcurses</STRONG> and <STRONG>-lcurses_g</STRONG>.) The ncurses_g library generates
- trace logs (in a file called 'trace' in the current direc-
- tory) that describe curses actions. See also the section
- on <STRONG>ALTERNATE</STRONG> <STRONG>CONFIGURATIONS</STRONG>.
-
- The <STRONG>ncurses</STRONG> package supports: overall screen, window and
- pad manipulation; output to windows and pads; reading ter-
- minal input; control over terminal and <STRONG>curses</STRONG> input and
- output options; environment query routines; color manipu-
- lation; use of soft label keys; terminfo capabilities; and
- access to low-level terminal-manipulation routines.
+ The "new curses" library offers the programmer a terminal-independent
+ means of reading keyboard and mouse input and updating character-cell
+ terminals with output optimized to minimize screen updates. <EM>ncurses</EM>
+ replaces the <EM>curses</EM> libraries from System V Release 4 Unix ("SVr4") and
+ 4.4BSD Unix, the development of which ceased in the 1990s. This
+ describes <EM>ncurses</EM> version 6.4 (patch 20240413).
+
+ <EM>ncurses</EM> permits control of the terminal screen's contents; abstraction
+ and subdivision thereof with <EM>windows</EM> and <EM>pads</EM>; the reading of terminal
+ input; control of terminal input and output options; environment query
+ routines; color manipulation; the definition and use of <EM>soft</EM> <EM>label</EM>
+ keys; <EM>terminfo</EM> capability access; a <EM>termcap</EM> compatibility interface;
+ and an abstraction of the system's API for manipulating the terminal
+ (such as <STRONG>termios(3)</STRONG>).
+
+ <EM>ncurses</EM> implements the standard interface described by X/Open Curses
+ Issue 7. In many behavioral details not standardized by X/Open,
+ <EM>ncurses</EM> emulates the <EM>curses</EM> library of SVr4 and provides numerous
+ useful extensions.
+
+ <EM>ncurses</EM> man pages employ several sections to clarify matters of usage
+ and interoperability with other <EM>curses</EM> implementations.
+
+ <STRONG>o</STRONG> "NOTES" describes issues and caveats of which any user of the
+ <EM>ncurses</EM> API should be aware, such as limitations on the size of an
+ underlying integral type or the availability of a preprocessor
+ macro exclusive of a function definition (which prevents its
+ address from being taken). This section also describes
+ implementation details that will be significant to the programmer
+ but which are not standardized.
+
+ <STRONG>o</STRONG> "EXTENSIONS" presents <EM>ncurses</EM> innovations beyond the X/Open Curses
+ standard and/or the SVr4 <EM>curses</EM> implementation. They are termed
+ <EM>extensions</EM> to indicate that they cannot be implemented solely by
+ using the library API, but require access to the library's internal
+ state.
+
+ <STRONG>o</STRONG> "PORTABILITY" discusses matters (beyond the exercise of extensions)
+ that should be considered when writing to a <EM>curses</EM> standard, or for
+ multiple implementations.
+
+ <STRONG>o</STRONG> "HISTORY" examines points of detail in <EM>ncurses</EM> and other <EM>curses</EM>
+ implementations over the decades of their development, particularly
+ where precedent or inertia have frustrated better design (and, in a
+ few cases, where such inertia has been overcome).
+
+ A <EM>curses</EM> application must be linked with the library; use the <STRONG>-lncurses</STRONG>
+ option to your compiler or linker. A debugging version of the library
+ may be available; if so, link with it using <STRONG>-lncurses_g</STRONG>. (Your system
+ integrator may have installed these libraries such that you can use the
+ options <STRONG>-lcurses</STRONG> and <STRONG>-lcurses_g</STRONG>, respectively.) The <EM>ncurses</EM><STRONG>_</STRONG><EM>g</EM> library
+ generates trace logs (in a file called <EM>trace</EM> in the current directory)
+ that describe <EM>ncurses</EM> actions. See section "ALTERNATE CONFIGURATIONS"
+ below.
+
+
+</PRE><H3><a name="h3-Application-Structure">Application Structure</a></H3><PRE>
+ A <EM>curses</EM> application uses information from the system locale;
+ <STRONG>setlocale(3)</STRONG> prepares it for <EM>curses</EM> library calls.
+
+ setlocale(LC_ALL, "");
+
+ If the locale is not thus initialized, the library assumes that
+ characters are printable as in ISO 8859-1, to work with certain legacy
+ programs. You should initialize the locale; do not expect consistent
+ behavior from the library when the locale has not been set up.
+
+ <STRONG><A HREF="curs_initscr.3x.html">initscr(3x)</A></STRONG> or <STRONG><A HREF="curs_initscr.3x.html">newterm(3x)</A></STRONG> must be called to initialize <EM>curses</EM> before
+ use of any functions that deal with windows and screens.
+
+ To get character-at-a-time input without echoing--most interactive,
+ screen-oriented programs want this--use the following sequence.
+
+ initscr(); cbreak(); noecho();
+
+ Most applications perform further setup as follows.
+
+ intrflush(stdscr, FALSE);
+ keypad(stdscr, TRUE);
+
+ A <EM>curses</EM> program then often enters an event loop of some sort. Call
+ <STRONG><A HREF="curs_initscr.3x.html">endwin(3x)</A></STRONG> before exiting.
+
+
+</PRE><H3><a name="h3-Overview">Overview</a></H3><PRE>
+ A <EM>curses</EM> library abstracts the terminal screen by representing all or
+ part of it as a <EM>WINDOW</EM> data structure. A <EM>window</EM> is a rectangular grid
+ of character cells, addressed by row and column coordinates (<EM>y</EM>, <EM>x</EM>),
+ with the upper left corner as (0, 0). A window called <STRONG>stdscr</STRONG>, the same
+ size as the terminal screen, is always available. Create others with
+ <STRONG><A HREF="curs_window.3x.html">newwin(3x)</A></STRONG>.
+
+ A <EM>curses</EM> library does not manage overlapping windows (but see below).
+ You can either use <STRONG>stdscr</STRONG> to manage one screen-filling window, or tile
+ the screen into non-overlapping windows and not use <STRONG>stdscr</STRONG> at all.
+ Mixing the two approaches will result in unpredictable and undesired
+ effects.
+
+ Functions permit manipulation of a window and the <EM>cursor</EM> identifying
+ the cell within it at which the next output operation will occur.
+ Among those, the most basic are <STRONG><A HREF="curs_move.3x.html">move(3x)</A></STRONG> and <STRONG><A HREF="curs_addch.3x.html">addch(3x)</A></STRONG>: these place the
+ cursor and write a character to <STRONG>stdscr</STRONG>, respectively.
+
+ Frequent changes to the terminal screen can cause unpleasant flicker or
+ inefficient use of the communication channel to the device, so the
+ library does not generally update it automatically. Therefore, after
+ using <EM>curses</EM> functions to accumulate a set of desired updates that make
+ sense to present together, call <STRONG><A HREF="curs_refresh.3x.html">refresh(3x)</A></STRONG> to tell the library to make
+ the user's screen look like <STRONG>stdscr</STRONG>. The library <EM>optimizes</EM> its output
+ by computing a minimal number of operations to mutate the screen from
+ its state at the previous refresh to the new one. Effective
+ optimization demands accurate information about the terminal device:
+ the management of such information is the province of the <STRONG><A HREF="curs_terminfo.3x.html">terminfo(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ API, a feature of every standard <EM>curses</EM> implementation.
+
+ Special windows called <EM>pads</EM> may also be manipulated. These are windows
+ that are not constrained to the size of the terminal screen and whose
+ contents need not be completely displayed. See <STRONG><A HREF="curs_pad.3x.html">curs_pad(3x)</A></STRONG>.
+
+ In addition to drawing characters on the screen, rendering attributes
+ and colors may be supported, causing the characters to show up in such
+ modes as underlined, in reverse video, or in color on terminals that
+ support such display enhancements. See <STRONG><A HREF="curs_attr.3x.html">curs_attr(3x)</A></STRONG>.
+
+ <EM>curses</EM> predefines constants for a small set of forms-drawing graphics
+ corresponding to the DEC Alternate Character Set (ACS), a feature of
+ VT100 and other terminals. See <STRONG><A HREF="curs_addch.3x.html">waddch(3x)</A></STRONG>.
+
+ <EM>curses</EM> is implemented using the operating system's terminal driver;
+ keystroke events are received not as scan codes but as byte sequences.
+ Graphical keycaps (alphanumeric and punctuation keys, and the space)
+ appear as-is. Everything else, including the tab, enter/return,
+ keypad, arrow, and function keys, appears as a control character or a
+ multibyte <EM>escape</EM> <EM>sequence.</EM> <EM>curses</EM> translates these into unique <EM>key</EM>
+ <EM>codes.</EM> See <STRONG><A HREF="curs_getch.3x.html">getch(3x)</A></STRONG>.
+
+ <EM>ncurses</EM> provides reimplementations of the SVr4 <STRONG><A HREF="panel.3x.html">panel(3x)</A></STRONG>, <STRONG><A HREF="form.3x.html">form(3x)</A></STRONG>, and
+ <STRONG><A HREF="menu.3x.html">menu(3x)</A></STRONG> libraries to ease construction of user interfaces with <EM>curses</EM>.
</PRE><H3><a name="h3-Initialization">Initialization</a></H3><PRE>
- The library uses the locale which the calling program has
- initialized. That is normally done with <STRONG>setlocale</STRONG>:
-
- <STRONG>setlocale(LC_ALL,</STRONG> <STRONG>"");</STRONG>
-
- If the locale is not initialized, the library assumes that
- characters are printable as in ISO-8859-1, to work with
- certain legacy programs. You should initialize the locale
- and not rely on specific details of the library when the
- locale has not been setup.
-
- The function <STRONG>initscr</STRONG> or <STRONG>newterm</STRONG> must be called to initial-
- ize the library before any of the other routines that deal
- with windows and screens are used. The routine <STRONG><A HREF="curs_initscr.3x.html">endwin(3x)</A></STRONG>
- must be called before exiting.
-
- To get character-at-a-time input without echoing (most
- interactive, screen oriented programs want this), the fol-
- lowing sequence should be used:
-
- <STRONG>initscr();</STRONG> <STRONG>cbreak();</STRONG> <STRONG>noecho();</STRONG>
-
- Most programs would additionally use the sequence:
-
- <STRONG>nonl();</STRONG>
- <STRONG>intrflush(stdscr,</STRONG> <STRONG>FALSE);</STRONG>
- <STRONG>keypad(stdscr,</STRONG> <STRONG>TRUE);</STRONG>
-
- Before a <STRONG>curses</STRONG> program is run, the tab stops of the ter-
- minal should be set and its initialization strings, if
- defined, must be output. This can be done by executing
- the <STRONG>tput</STRONG> <STRONG>init</STRONG> command after the shell environment variable
- <STRONG>TERM</STRONG> has been exported. <STRONG>tset(1)</STRONG> is usually responsible
- for doing this. [See <STRONG><A HREF="terminfo.5.html">terminfo(5)</A></STRONG> for further details.]
-
-
-</PRE><H3><a name="h3-Datatypes">Datatypes</a></H3><PRE>
- The <STRONG>ncurses</STRONG> library permits manipulation of data struc-
- tures, called <EM>windows</EM>, which can be thought of as two-
- dimensional arrays of characters representing all or part
- of a CRT screen. A default window called <STRONG>stdscr</STRONG>, which is
- the size of the terminal screen, is supplied. Others may
- be created with <STRONG>newwin</STRONG>.
-
- Note that <STRONG>curses</STRONG> does not handle overlapping windows,
- that's done by the <STRONG><A HREF="panel.3x.html">panel(3x)</A></STRONG> library. This means that you
- can either use <STRONG>stdscr</STRONG> or divide the screen into tiled win-
- dows and not using <STRONG>stdscr</STRONG> at all. Mixing the two will
- result in unpredictable, and undesired, effects.
-
- Windows are referred to by variables declared as <STRONG>WINDOW</STRONG> <STRONG>*</STRONG>.
- These data structures are manipulated with routines
- described here and elsewhere in the <STRONG>ncurses</STRONG> manual pages.
- Among those, the most basic routines are <STRONG>move</STRONG> and <STRONG>addch</STRONG>.
- More general versions of these routines are included with
- names beginning with <STRONG>w</STRONG>, allowing the user to specify a
- window. The routines not beginning with <STRONG>w</STRONG> affect <STRONG>stdscr</STRONG>.
-
- After using routines to manipulate a window, <STRONG><A HREF="curs_refresh.3x.html">refresh(3x)</A></STRONG>
- is called, telling <STRONG>curses</STRONG> to make the user's CRT screen
- look like <STRONG>stdscr</STRONG>. The characters in a window are actually
- of type <STRONG>chtype</STRONG>, (character and attribute data) so that
- other information about the character may also be stored
- with each character.
-
- Special windows called <EM>pads</EM> may also be manipulated.
- These are windows which are not constrained to the size of
- the screen and whose contents need not be completely dis-
- played. See <STRONG><A HREF="curs_pad.3x.html">curs_pad(3x)</A></STRONG> for more information.
-
- In addition to drawing characters on the screen, video
- attributes and colors may be supported, causing the char-
- acters to show up in such modes as underlined, in reverse
- video, or in color on terminals that support such display
- enhancements. Line drawing characters may be specified to
- be output. On input, <STRONG>curses</STRONG> is also able to translate
- arrow and function keys that transmit escape sequences
- into single values. The video attributes, line drawing
- characters, and input values use names, defined in
- <STRONG><curses.h></STRONG>, such as <STRONG>A_REVERSE</STRONG>, <STRONG>ACS_HLINE</STRONG>, and <STRONG>KEY_LEFT</STRONG>.
-
-
-</PRE><H3><a name="h3-Environment-variables">Environment variables</a></H3><PRE>
- If the environment variables <STRONG>LINES</STRONG> and <STRONG>COLUMNS</STRONG> are set, or
- if the program is executing in a window environment, line
- and column information in the environment will override
- information read by <EM>terminfo</EM>. This would affect a program
- running in an AT&T 630 layer, for example, where the size
- of a screen is changeable (see <STRONG>ENVIRONMENT</STRONG>).
-
- If the environment variable <STRONG>TERMINFO</STRONG> is defined, any pro-
- gram using <STRONG>curses</STRONG> checks for a local terminal definition
- before checking in the standard place. For example, if
- <STRONG>TERM</STRONG> is set to <STRONG>att4424</STRONG>, then the compiled terminal defini-
- tion is found in
-
- <STRONG>/usr/share/terminfo/a/att4424</STRONG>.
-
- (The <STRONG>a</STRONG> is copied from the first letter of <STRONG>att4424</STRONG> to avoid
- creation of huge directories.) However, if <STRONG>TERMINFO</STRONG> is
- set to <STRONG>$HOME/myterms</STRONG>, <STRONG>curses</STRONG> first checks
-
- <STRONG>$HOME/myterms/a/att4424</STRONG>,
-
- and if that fails, it then checks
-
- <STRONG>/usr/share/terminfo/a/att4424</STRONG>.
-
- This is useful for developing experimental definitions or
- when write permission in <STRONG>/usr/share/terminfo</STRONG> is not avail-
- able.
-
- The integer variables <STRONG>LINES</STRONG> and <STRONG>COLS</STRONG> are defined in
- <STRONG><curses.h></STRONG> and will be filled in by <STRONG>initscr</STRONG> with the size
- of the screen. The constants <STRONG>TRUE</STRONG> and <STRONG>FALSE</STRONG> have the val-
- ues <STRONG>1</STRONG> and <STRONG>0</STRONG>, respectively.
-
- The <STRONG>curses</STRONG> routines also define the <STRONG>WINDOW</STRONG> <STRONG>*</STRONG> variable
- <STRONG>curscr</STRONG> which is used for certain low-level operations like
- clearing and redrawing a screen containing garbage. The
- <STRONG>curscr</STRONG> can be used in only a few routines.
-
-
-</PRE><H3><a name="h3-Routine-and-Argument-Names">Routine and Argument Names</a></H3><PRE>
- Many <STRONG>curses</STRONG> routines have two or more versions. The rou-
- tines prefixed with <STRONG>w</STRONG> require a window argument. The rou-
- tines prefixed with <STRONG>p</STRONG> require a pad argument. Those with-
- out a prefix generally use <STRONG>stdscr</STRONG>.
-
- The routines prefixed with <STRONG>mv</STRONG> require a <EM>y</EM> and <EM>x</EM> coordinate
- to move to before performing the appropriate action. The
- <STRONG>mv</STRONG> routines imply a call to <STRONG>move</STRONG> before the call to the
- other routine. The coordinate <EM>y</EM> always refers to the row
- (of the window), and <EM>x</EM> always refers to the column. The
- upper left-hand corner is always (0,0), not (1,1).
-
- The routines prefixed with <STRONG>mvw</STRONG> take both a window argument
- and <EM>x</EM> and <EM>y</EM> coordinates. The window argument is always
- specified before the coordinates.
-
- In each case, <EM>win</EM> is the window affected, and <EM>pad</EM> is the
- pad affected; <EM>win</EM> and <EM>pad</EM> are always pointers to type <STRONG>WIN-</STRONG>
- <STRONG>DOW</STRONG>.
-
- Option setting routines require a Boolean flag <EM>bf</EM> with the
- value <STRONG>TRUE</STRONG> or <STRONG>FALSE</STRONG>; <EM>bf</EM> is always of type <STRONG>bool</STRONG>. Most of
- the data types used in the library routines, such as <STRONG>WIN-</STRONG>
- <STRONG>DOW</STRONG>, <STRONG>SCREEN</STRONG>, <STRONG>bool</STRONG>, and <STRONG>chtype</STRONG> are defined in <STRONG><curses.h></STRONG>.
- Types used for the terminfo routines such as <STRONG>TERMINAL</STRONG> are
- defined in <STRONG><term.h></STRONG>.
-
- This manual page describes functions which may appear in
- any configuration of the library. There are two common
- configurations of the library:
-
- <EM>ncurses</EM>
- the "normal" library, which handles 8-bit charac-
- ters. The normal (8-bit) library stores charac-
- ters combined with attributes in <STRONG>chtype</STRONG> data.
-
- Attributes alone (no corresponding character) may
- be stored in <STRONG>chtype</STRONG> or the equivalent <STRONG>attr_t</STRONG> data.
- In either case, the data is stored in something
- like an integer.
-
- Each cell (row and column) in a <STRONG>WINDOW</STRONG> is stored
- as a <STRONG>chtype</STRONG>.
-
- <EM>ncursesw</EM>
- the so-called "wide" library, which handles multi-
- byte characters (see the section on <STRONG>ALTERNATE</STRONG> <STRONG>CON-</STRONG>
- <STRONG>FIGURATIONS</STRONG>). The "wide" library includes all of
- the calls from the "normal" library. It adds
- about one third more calls using data types which
- store multibyte characters:
-
- <STRONG>cchar_t</STRONG>
- corresponds to <STRONG>chtype</STRONG>. However it is a
- structure, because more data is stored than
- can fit into an integer. The characters are
- large enough to require a full integer value
- - and there may be more than one character
- per cell. The video attributes and color are
- stored in separate fields of the structure.
-
- Each cell (row and column) in a <STRONG>WINDOW</STRONG> is
- stored as a <STRONG>cchar_t</STRONG>.
-
- <STRONG>wchar_t</STRONG>
- stores a "wide" character. Like <STRONG>chtype</STRONG>, this
- may be an integer.
-
- <STRONG>wint_t</STRONG>
- stores a <STRONG>wchar_t</STRONG> or <STRONG>WEOF</STRONG> - not the same,
- though both may have the same size.
-
- The "wide" library provides new functions which
- are analogous to functions in the "normal"
- library. There is a naming convention which
- relates many of the normal/wide variants: a "_w"
- is inserted into the name. For example, <STRONG>waddch</STRONG>
- becomes <STRONG>wadd_wch</STRONG>.
-
-
-</PRE><H3><a name="h3-Routine-Name-Index">Routine Name Index</a></H3><PRE>
- The following table lists each <STRONG>curses</STRONG> routine and the name
- of the manual page on which it is described. Routines
- flagged with `*' are ncurses-specific, not described by
- XPG4 or present in SVr4.
-
- <STRONG>curses</STRONG> Routine Name Manual Page Name
- --------------------------------------------
- COLOR_PAIR <STRONG><A HREF="curs_color.3x.html">curs_color(3x)</A></STRONG>
- PAIR_NUMBER <STRONG><A HREF="curs_attr.3x.html">curs_attr(3x)</A></STRONG>
- _nc_free_and_exit <STRONG><A HREF="curs_memleaks.3x.html">curs_memleaks(3x)</A></STRONG>*
- _nc_freeall <STRONG><A HREF="curs_memleaks.3x.html">curs_memleaks(3x)</A></STRONG>*
- _nc_tracebits <STRONG><A HREF="curs_trace.3x.html">curs_trace(3x)</A></STRONG>*
- _traceattr <STRONG><A HREF="curs_trace.3x.html">curs_trace(3x)</A></STRONG>*
- _traceattr2 <STRONG><A HREF="curs_trace.3x.html">curs_trace(3x)</A></STRONG>*
- _tracechar <STRONG><A HREF="curs_trace.3x.html">curs_trace(3x)</A></STRONG>*
-
- _tracechtype <STRONG><A HREF="curs_trace.3x.html">curs_trace(3x)</A></STRONG>*
- _tracechtype2 <STRONG><A HREF="curs_trace.3x.html">curs_trace(3x)</A></STRONG>*
- _tracedump <STRONG><A HREF="curs_trace.3x.html">curs_trace(3x)</A></STRONG>*
- _tracef <STRONG><A HREF="curs_trace.3x.html">curs_trace(3x)</A></STRONG>*
- _tracemouse <STRONG><A HREF="curs_trace.3x.html">curs_trace(3x)</A></STRONG>*
- add_wch <STRONG><A HREF="curs_add_wch.3x.html">curs_add_wch(3x)</A></STRONG>
- add_wchnstr <STRONG><A HREF="curs_add_wchstr.3x.html">curs_add_wchstr(3x)</A></STRONG>
- add_wchstr <STRONG><A HREF="curs_add_wchstr.3x.html">curs_add_wchstr(3x)</A></STRONG>
- addch <STRONG><A HREF="curs_addch.3x.html">curs_addch(3x)</A></STRONG>
- addchnstr <STRONG><A HREF="curs_addchstr.3x.html">curs_addchstr(3x)</A></STRONG>
- addchstr <STRONG><A HREF="curs_addchstr.3x.html">curs_addchstr(3x)</A></STRONG>
- addnstr <STRONG><A HREF="curs_addstr.3x.html">curs_addstr(3x)</A></STRONG>
- addnwstr <STRONG><A HREF="curs_addwstr.3x.html">curs_addwstr(3x)</A></STRONG>
- addstr <STRONG><A HREF="curs_addstr.3x.html">curs_addstr(3x)</A></STRONG>
- addwstr <STRONG><A HREF="curs_addwstr.3x.html">curs_addwstr(3x)</A></STRONG>
- assume_default_colors <STRONG><A HREF="default_colors.3x.html">default_colors(3x)</A></STRONG>*
- attr_get <STRONG><A HREF="curs_attr.3x.html">curs_attr(3x)</A></STRONG>
- attr_off <STRONG><A HREF="curs_attr.3x.html">curs_attr(3x)</A></STRONG>
- attr_on <STRONG><A HREF="curs_attr.3x.html">curs_attr(3x)</A></STRONG>
- attr_set <STRONG><A HREF="curs_attr.3x.html">curs_attr(3x)</A></STRONG>
- attroff <STRONG><A HREF="curs_attr.3x.html">curs_attr(3x)</A></STRONG>
- attron <STRONG><A HREF="curs_attr.3x.html">curs_attr(3x)</A></STRONG>
- attrset <STRONG><A HREF="curs_attr.3x.html">curs_attr(3x)</A></STRONG>
- baudrate <STRONG><A HREF="curs_termattrs.3x.html">curs_termattrs(3x)</A></STRONG>
- beep <STRONG><A HREF="curs_beep.3x.html">curs_beep(3x)</A></STRONG>
- bkgd <STRONG><A HREF="curs_bkgd.3x.html">curs_bkgd(3x)</A></STRONG>
- bkgdset <STRONG><A HREF="curs_bkgd.3x.html">curs_bkgd(3x)</A></STRONG>
- bkgrnd <STRONG><A HREF="curs_bkgrnd.3x.html">curs_bkgrnd(3x)</A></STRONG>
- bkgrndset <STRONG><A HREF="curs_bkgrnd.3x.html">curs_bkgrnd(3x)</A></STRONG>
- border <STRONG><A HREF="curs_border.3x.html">curs_border(3x)</A></STRONG>
- border_set <STRONG><A HREF="curs_border_set.3x.html">curs_border_set(3x)</A></STRONG>
- box <STRONG><A HREF="curs_border.3x.html">curs_border(3x)</A></STRONG>
- box_set <STRONG><A HREF="curs_border_set.3x.html">curs_border_set(3x)</A></STRONG>
- can_change_color <STRONG><A HREF="curs_color.3x.html">curs_color(3x)</A></STRONG>
- cbreak <STRONG><A HREF="curs_inopts.3x.html">curs_inopts(3x)</A></STRONG>
- chgat <STRONG><A HREF="curs_attr.3x.html">curs_attr(3x)</A></STRONG>
- clear <STRONG><A HREF="curs_clear.3x.html">curs_clear(3x)</A></STRONG>
- clearok <STRONG><A HREF="curs_outopts.3x.html">curs_outopts(3x)</A></STRONG>
- clrtobot <STRONG><A HREF="curs_clear.3x.html">curs_clear(3x)</A></STRONG>
- clrtoeol <STRONG><A HREF="curs_clear.3x.html">curs_clear(3x)</A></STRONG>
- color_content <STRONG><A HREF="curs_color.3x.html">curs_color(3x)</A></STRONG>
- color_set <STRONG><A HREF="curs_attr.3x.html">curs_attr(3x)</A></STRONG>
- copywin <STRONG><A HREF="curs_overlay.3x.html">curs_overlay(3x)</A></STRONG>
- curs_set <STRONG><A HREF="curs_kernel.3x.html">curs_kernel(3x)</A></STRONG>
- curses_version <STRONG><A HREF="curs_extend.3x.html">curs_extend(3x)</A></STRONG>*
- def_prog_mode <STRONG><A HREF="curs_kernel.3x.html">curs_kernel(3x)</A></STRONG>
- def_shell_mode <STRONG><A HREF="curs_kernel.3x.html">curs_kernel(3x)</A></STRONG>
- define_key <STRONG><A HREF="define_key.3x.html">define_key(3x)</A></STRONG>*
- del_curterm <STRONG><A HREF="curs_terminfo.3x.html">curs_terminfo(3x)</A></STRONG>
- delay_output <STRONG><A HREF="curs_util.3x.html">curs_util(3x)</A></STRONG>
- delch <STRONG><A HREF="curs_delch.3x.html">curs_delch(3x)</A></STRONG>
- deleteln <STRONG><A HREF="curs_deleteln.3x.html">curs_deleteln(3x)</A></STRONG>
- delscreen <STRONG><A HREF="curs_initscr.3x.html">curs_initscr(3x)</A></STRONG>
- delwin <STRONG><A HREF="curs_window.3x.html">curs_window(3x)</A></STRONG>
- derwin <STRONG><A HREF="curs_window.3x.html">curs_window(3x)</A></STRONG>
- doupdate <STRONG><A HREF="curs_refresh.3x.html">curs_refresh(3x)</A></STRONG>
- dupwin <STRONG><A HREF="curs_window.3x.html">curs_window(3x)</A></STRONG>
- echo <STRONG><A HREF="curs_inopts.3x.html">curs_inopts(3x)</A></STRONG>
- echo_wchar <STRONG><A HREF="curs_add_wch.3x.html">curs_add_wch(3x)</A></STRONG>
- echochar <STRONG><A HREF="curs_addch.3x.html">curs_addch(3x)</A></STRONG>
- endwin <STRONG><A HREF="curs_initscr.3x.html">curs_initscr(3x)</A></STRONG>
- erase <STRONG><A HREF="curs_clear.3x.html">curs_clear(3x)</A></STRONG>
- erasechar <STRONG><A HREF="curs_termattrs.3x.html">curs_termattrs(3x)</A></STRONG>
- erasewchar <STRONG><A HREF="curs_termattrs.3x.html">curs_termattrs(3x)</A></STRONG>
- filter <STRONG><A HREF="curs_util.3x.html">curs_util(3x)</A></STRONG>
- flash <STRONG><A HREF="curs_beep.3x.html">curs_beep(3x)</A></STRONG>
-
- flushinp <STRONG><A HREF="curs_util.3x.html">curs_util(3x)</A></STRONG>
- get_wch <STRONG><A HREF="curs_get_wch.3x.html">curs_get_wch(3x)</A></STRONG>
- get_wstr <STRONG><A HREF="curs_get_wstr.3x.html">curs_get_wstr(3x)</A></STRONG>
- getattrs <STRONG><A HREF="curs_attr.3x.html">curs_attr(3x)</A></STRONG>
- getbegx <STRONG><A HREF="curs_legacy.3x.html">curs_legacy(3x)</A></STRONG>*
- getbegy <STRONG><A HREF="curs_legacy.3x.html">curs_legacy(3x)</A></STRONG>*
- getbegyx <STRONG><A HREF="curs_getyx.3x.html">curs_getyx(3x)</A></STRONG>
- getbkgd <STRONG><A HREF="curs_bkgd.3x.html">curs_bkgd(3x)</A></STRONG>
- getbkgrnd <STRONG><A HREF="curs_bkgrnd.3x.html">curs_bkgrnd(3x)</A></STRONG>
- getcchar <STRONG><A HREF="curs_getcchar.3x.html">curs_getcchar(3x)</A></STRONG>
- getch <STRONG><A HREF="curs_getch.3x.html">curs_getch(3x)</A></STRONG>
- getcurx <STRONG><A HREF="curs_legacy.3x.html">curs_legacy(3x)</A></STRONG>*
- getcury <STRONG><A HREF="curs_legacy.3x.html">curs_legacy(3x)</A></STRONG>*
- getmaxx <STRONG><A HREF="curs_legacy.3x.html">curs_legacy(3x)</A></STRONG>*
- getmaxy <STRONG><A HREF="curs_legacy.3x.html">curs_legacy(3x)</A></STRONG>*
- getmaxyx <STRONG><A HREF="curs_getyx.3x.html">curs_getyx(3x)</A></STRONG>
- getmouse <STRONG><A HREF="curs_mouse.3x.html">curs_mouse(3x)</A></STRONG>*
- getn_wstr <STRONG><A HREF="curs_get_wstr.3x.html">curs_get_wstr(3x)</A></STRONG>
- getnstr <STRONG><A HREF="curs_getstr.3x.html">curs_getstr(3x)</A></STRONG>
- getparx <STRONG><A HREF="curs_legacy.3x.html">curs_legacy(3x)</A></STRONG>*
- getpary <STRONG><A HREF="curs_legacy.3x.html">curs_legacy(3x)</A></STRONG>*
- getparyx <STRONG><A HREF="curs_getyx.3x.html">curs_getyx(3x)</A></STRONG>
- getstr <STRONG><A HREF="curs_getstr.3x.html">curs_getstr(3x)</A></STRONG>
- getsyx <STRONG><A HREF="curs_kernel.3x.html">curs_kernel(3x)</A></STRONG>
- getwin <STRONG><A HREF="curs_util.3x.html">curs_util(3x)</A></STRONG>
- getyx <STRONG><A HREF="curs_getyx.3x.html">curs_getyx(3x)</A></STRONG>
- halfdelay <STRONG><A HREF="curs_inopts.3x.html">curs_inopts(3x)</A></STRONG>
- has_colors <STRONG><A HREF="curs_color.3x.html">curs_color(3x)</A></STRONG>
- has_ic <STRONG><A HREF="curs_termattrs.3x.html">curs_termattrs(3x)</A></STRONG>
- has_il <STRONG><A HREF="curs_termattrs.3x.html">curs_termattrs(3x)</A></STRONG>
- has_key <STRONG><A HREF="curs_getch.3x.html">curs_getch(3x)</A></STRONG>*
- hline <STRONG><A HREF="curs_border.3x.html">curs_border(3x)</A></STRONG>
- hline_set <STRONG><A HREF="curs_border_set.3x.html">curs_border_set(3x)</A></STRONG>
- idcok <STRONG><A HREF="curs_outopts.3x.html">curs_outopts(3x)</A></STRONG>
- idlok <STRONG><A HREF="curs_outopts.3x.html">curs_outopts(3x)</A></STRONG>
- immedok <STRONG><A HREF="curs_outopts.3x.html">curs_outopts(3x)</A></STRONG>
- in_wch <STRONG><A HREF="curs_in_wch.3x.html">curs_in_wch(3x)</A></STRONG>
- in_wchnstr <STRONG><A HREF="curs_in_wchstr.3x.html">curs_in_wchstr(3x)</A></STRONG>
- in_wchstr <STRONG><A HREF="curs_in_wchstr.3x.html">curs_in_wchstr(3x)</A></STRONG>
- inch <STRONG><A HREF="curs_inch.3x.html">curs_inch(3x)</A></STRONG>
- inchnstr <STRONG><A HREF="curs_inchstr.3x.html">curs_inchstr(3x)</A></STRONG>
- inchstr <STRONG><A HREF="curs_inchstr.3x.html">curs_inchstr(3x)</A></STRONG>
- init_color <STRONG><A HREF="curs_color.3x.html">curs_color(3x)</A></STRONG>
- init_pair <STRONG><A HREF="curs_color.3x.html">curs_color(3x)</A></STRONG>
- initscr <STRONG><A HREF="curs_initscr.3x.html">curs_initscr(3x)</A></STRONG>
- innstr <STRONG><A HREF="curs_instr.3x.html">curs_instr(3x)</A></STRONG>
- innwstr <STRONG><A HREF="curs_inwstr.3x.html">curs_inwstr(3x)</A></STRONG>
- ins_nwstr <STRONG><A HREF="curs_ins_wstr.3x.html">curs_ins_wstr(3x)</A></STRONG>
- ins_wch <STRONG><A HREF="curs_ins_wch.3x.html">curs_ins_wch(3x)</A></STRONG>
- ins_wstr <STRONG><A HREF="curs_ins_wstr.3x.html">curs_ins_wstr(3x)</A></STRONG>
- insch <STRONG><A HREF="curs_insch.3x.html">curs_insch(3x)</A></STRONG>
- insdelln <STRONG><A HREF="curs_deleteln.3x.html">curs_deleteln(3x)</A></STRONG>
- insertln <STRONG><A HREF="curs_deleteln.3x.html">curs_deleteln(3x)</A></STRONG>
- insnstr <STRONG><A HREF="curs_insstr.3x.html">curs_insstr(3x)</A></STRONG>
- insstr <STRONG><A HREF="curs_insstr.3x.html">curs_insstr(3x)</A></STRONG>
- instr <STRONG><A HREF="curs_instr.3x.html">curs_instr(3x)</A></STRONG>
- intrflush <STRONG><A HREF="curs_inopts.3x.html">curs_inopts(3x)</A></STRONG>
- inwstr <STRONG><A HREF="curs_inwstr.3x.html">curs_inwstr(3x)</A></STRONG>
- is_cleared <STRONG><A HREF="curs_opaque.3x.html">curs_opaque(3x)</A></STRONG>*
- is_idcok <STRONG><A HREF="curs_opaque.3x.html">curs_opaque(3x)</A></STRONG>*
- is_idlok <STRONG><A HREF="curs_opaque.3x.html">curs_opaque(3x)</A></STRONG>*
- is_immedok <STRONG><A HREF="curs_opaque.3x.html">curs_opaque(3x)</A></STRONG>*
- is_keypad <STRONG><A HREF="curs_opaque.3x.html">curs_opaque(3x)</A></STRONG>*
- is_leaveok <STRONG><A HREF="curs_opaque.3x.html">curs_opaque(3x)</A></STRONG>*
- is_linetouched <STRONG><A HREF="curs_touch.3x.html">curs_touch(3x)</A></STRONG>
- is_nodelay <STRONG><A HREF="curs_opaque.3x.html">curs_opaque(3x)</A></STRONG>*
-
- is_notimeout <STRONG><A HREF="curs_opaque.3x.html">curs_opaque(3x)</A></STRONG>*
- is_pad <STRONG><A HREF="curs_opaque.3x.html">curs_opaque(3x)</A></STRONG>*
- is_scrollok <STRONG><A HREF="curs_opaque.3x.html">curs_opaque(3x)</A></STRONG>*
- is_subwin <STRONG><A HREF="curs_opaque.3x.html">curs_opaque(3x)</A></STRONG>*
- is_syncok <STRONG><A HREF="curs_opaque.3x.html">curs_opaque(3x)</A></STRONG>*
- is_term_resized <STRONG><A HREF="resizeterm.3x.html">resizeterm(3x)</A></STRONG>*
- is_wintouched <STRONG><A HREF="curs_touch.3x.html">curs_touch(3x)</A></STRONG>
- isendwin <STRONG><A HREF="curs_initscr.3x.html">curs_initscr(3x)</A></STRONG>
- key_defined <STRONG><A HREF="key_defined.3x.html">key_defined(3x)</A></STRONG>*
- key_name <STRONG><A HREF="curs_util.3x.html">curs_util(3x)</A></STRONG>
- keybound <STRONG><A HREF="keybound.3x.html">keybound(3x)</A></STRONG>*
- keyname <STRONG><A HREF="curs_util.3x.html">curs_util(3x)</A></STRONG>
- keyok <STRONG><A HREF="keyok.3x.html">keyok(3x)</A></STRONG>*
- keypad <STRONG><A HREF="curs_inopts.3x.html">curs_inopts(3x)</A></STRONG>
- killchar <STRONG><A HREF="curs_termattrs.3x.html">curs_termattrs(3x)</A></STRONG>
- killwchar <STRONG><A HREF="curs_termattrs.3x.html">curs_termattrs(3x)</A></STRONG>
- leaveok <STRONG><A HREF="curs_outopts.3x.html">curs_outopts(3x)</A></STRONG>
- longname <STRONG><A HREF="curs_termattrs.3x.html">curs_termattrs(3x)</A></STRONG>
- mcprint <STRONG><A HREF="curs_print.3x.html">curs_print(3x)</A></STRONG>*
- meta <STRONG><A HREF="curs_inopts.3x.html">curs_inopts(3x)</A></STRONG>
- mouse_trafo <STRONG><A HREF="curs_mouse.3x.html">curs_mouse(3x)</A></STRONG>*
- mouseinterval <STRONG><A HREF="curs_mouse.3x.html">curs_mouse(3x)</A></STRONG>*
- mousemask <STRONG><A HREF="curs_mouse.3x.html">curs_mouse(3x)</A></STRONG>*
- move <STRONG><A HREF="curs_move.3x.html">curs_move(3x)</A></STRONG>
- mvadd_wch <STRONG><A HREF="curs_add_wch.3x.html">curs_add_wch(3x)</A></STRONG>
- mvadd_wchnstr <STRONG><A HREF="curs_add_wchstr.3x.html">curs_add_wchstr(3x)</A></STRONG>
- mvadd_wchstr <STRONG><A HREF="curs_add_wchstr.3x.html">curs_add_wchstr(3x)</A></STRONG>
- mvaddch <STRONG><A HREF="curs_addch.3x.html">curs_addch(3x)</A></STRONG>
- mvaddchnstr <STRONG><A HREF="curs_addchstr.3x.html">curs_addchstr(3x)</A></STRONG>
- mvaddchstr <STRONG><A HREF="curs_addchstr.3x.html">curs_addchstr(3x)</A></STRONG>
- mvaddnstr <STRONG><A HREF="curs_addstr.3x.html">curs_addstr(3x)</A></STRONG>
- mvaddnwstr <STRONG><A HREF="curs_addwstr.3x.html">curs_addwstr(3x)</A></STRONG>
- mvaddstr <STRONG><A HREF="curs_addstr.3x.html">curs_addstr(3x)</A></STRONG>
- mvaddwstr <STRONG><A HREF="curs_addwstr.3x.html">curs_addwstr(3x)</A></STRONG>
- mvchgat <STRONG><A HREF="curs_attr.3x.html">curs_attr(3x)</A></STRONG>
- mvcur <STRONG><A HREF="curs_terminfo.3x.html">curs_terminfo(3x)</A></STRONG>
- mvdelch <STRONG><A HREF="curs_delch.3x.html">curs_delch(3x)</A></STRONG>
- mvderwin <STRONG><A HREF="curs_window.3x.html">curs_window(3x)</A></STRONG>
- mvget_wch <STRONG><A HREF="curs_get_wch.3x.html">curs_get_wch(3x)</A></STRONG>
- mvget_wstr <STRONG><A HREF="curs_get_wstr.3x.html">curs_get_wstr(3x)</A></STRONG>
- mvgetch <STRONG><A HREF="curs_getch.3x.html">curs_getch(3x)</A></STRONG>
- mvgetn_wstr <STRONG><A HREF="curs_get_wstr.3x.html">curs_get_wstr(3x)</A></STRONG>
- mvgetnstr <STRONG><A HREF="curs_getstr.3x.html">curs_getstr(3x)</A></STRONG>
- mvgetstr <STRONG><A HREF="curs_getstr.3x.html">curs_getstr(3x)</A></STRONG>
- mvhline <STRONG><A HREF="curs_border.3x.html">curs_border(3x)</A></STRONG>
- mvhline_set <STRONG><A HREF="curs_border_set.3x.html">curs_border_set(3x)</A></STRONG>
- mvin_wch <STRONG><A HREF="curs_in_wch.3x.html">curs_in_wch(3x)</A></STRONG>
- mvin_wchnstr <STRONG><A HREF="curs_in_wchstr.3x.html">curs_in_wchstr(3x)</A></STRONG>
- mvin_wchstr <STRONG><A HREF="curs_in_wchstr.3x.html">curs_in_wchstr(3x)</A></STRONG>
- mvinch <STRONG><A HREF="curs_inch.3x.html">curs_inch(3x)</A></STRONG>
- mvinchnstr <STRONG><A HREF="curs_inchstr.3x.html">curs_inchstr(3x)</A></STRONG>
- mvinchstr <STRONG><A HREF="curs_inchstr.3x.html">curs_inchstr(3x)</A></STRONG>
- mvinnstr <STRONG><A HREF="curs_instr.3x.html">curs_instr(3x)</A></STRONG>
- mvinnwstr <STRONG><A HREF="curs_inwstr.3x.html">curs_inwstr(3x)</A></STRONG>
- mvins_nwstr <STRONG><A HREF="curs_ins_wstr.3x.html">curs_ins_wstr(3x)</A></STRONG>
- mvins_wch <STRONG><A HREF="curs_ins_wch.3x.html">curs_ins_wch(3x)</A></STRONG>
- mvins_wstr <STRONG><A HREF="curs_ins_wstr.3x.html">curs_ins_wstr(3x)</A></STRONG>
- mvinsch <STRONG><A HREF="curs_insch.3x.html">curs_insch(3x)</A></STRONG>
- mvinsnstr <STRONG><A HREF="curs_insstr.3x.html">curs_insstr(3x)</A></STRONG>
- mvinsstr <STRONG><A HREF="curs_insstr.3x.html">curs_insstr(3x)</A></STRONG>
- mvinstr <STRONG><A HREF="curs_instr.3x.html">curs_instr(3x)</A></STRONG>
- mvinwstr <STRONG><A HREF="curs_inwstr.3x.html">curs_inwstr(3x)</A></STRONG>
- mvprintw <STRONG><A HREF="curs_printw.3x.html">curs_printw(3x)</A></STRONG>
- mvscanw <STRONG><A HREF="curs_scanw.3x.html">curs_scanw(3x)</A></STRONG>
- mvvline <STRONG><A HREF="curs_border.3x.html">curs_border(3x)</A></STRONG>
- mvvline_set <STRONG><A HREF="curs_border_set.3x.html">curs_border_set(3x)</A></STRONG>
-
- mvwadd_wch <STRONG><A HREF="curs_add_wch.3x.html">curs_add_wch(3x)</A></STRONG>
- mvwadd_wchnstr <STRONG><A HREF="curs_add_wchstr.3x.html">curs_add_wchstr(3x)</A></STRONG>
- mvwadd_wchstr <STRONG><A HREF="curs_add_wchstr.3x.html">curs_add_wchstr(3x)</A></STRONG>
- mvwaddch <STRONG><A HREF="curs_addch.3x.html">curs_addch(3x)</A></STRONG>
- mvwaddchnstr <STRONG><A HREF="curs_addchstr.3x.html">curs_addchstr(3x)</A></STRONG>
- mvwaddchstr <STRONG><A HREF="curs_addchstr.3x.html">curs_addchstr(3x)</A></STRONG>
- mvwaddnstr <STRONG><A HREF="curs_addstr.3x.html">curs_addstr(3x)</A></STRONG>
- mvwaddnwstr <STRONG><A HREF="curs_addwstr.3x.html">curs_addwstr(3x)</A></STRONG>
- mvwaddstr <STRONG><A HREF="curs_addstr.3x.html">curs_addstr(3x)</A></STRONG>
- mvwaddwstr <STRONG><A HREF="curs_addwstr.3x.html">curs_addwstr(3x)</A></STRONG>
- mvwchgat <STRONG><A HREF="curs_attr.3x.html">curs_attr(3x)</A></STRONG>
- mvwdelch <STRONG><A HREF="curs_delch.3x.html">curs_delch(3x)</A></STRONG>
- mvwget_wch <STRONG><A HREF="curs_get_wch.3x.html">curs_get_wch(3x)</A></STRONG>
- mvwget_wstr <STRONG><A HREF="curs_get_wstr.3x.html">curs_get_wstr(3x)</A></STRONG>
- mvwgetch <STRONG><A HREF="curs_getch.3x.html">curs_getch(3x)</A></STRONG>
- mvwgetn_wstr <STRONG><A HREF="curs_get_wstr.3x.html">curs_get_wstr(3x)</A></STRONG>
- mvwgetnstr <STRONG><A HREF="curs_getstr.3x.html">curs_getstr(3x)</A></STRONG>
- mvwgetstr <STRONG><A HREF="curs_getstr.3x.html">curs_getstr(3x)</A></STRONG>
- mvwhline <STRONG><A HREF="curs_border.3x.html">curs_border(3x)</A></STRONG>
- mvwhline_set <STRONG><A HREF="curs_border_set.3x.html">curs_border_set(3x)</A></STRONG>
- mvwin <STRONG><A HREF="curs_window.3x.html">curs_window(3x)</A></STRONG>
- mvwin_wch <STRONG><A HREF="curs_in_wch.3x.html">curs_in_wch(3x)</A></STRONG>
- mvwin_wchnstr <STRONG><A HREF="curs_in_wchstr.3x.html">curs_in_wchstr(3x)</A></STRONG>
- mvwin_wchstr <STRONG><A HREF="curs_in_wchstr.3x.html">curs_in_wchstr(3x)</A></STRONG>
- mvwinch <STRONG><A HREF="curs_inch.3x.html">curs_inch(3x)</A></STRONG>
- mvwinchnstr <STRONG><A HREF="curs_inchstr.3x.html">curs_inchstr(3x)</A></STRONG>
- mvwinchstr <STRONG><A HREF="curs_inchstr.3x.html">curs_inchstr(3x)</A></STRONG>
- mvwinnstr <STRONG><A HREF="curs_instr.3x.html">curs_instr(3x)</A></STRONG>
- mvwinnwstr <STRONG><A HREF="curs_inwstr.3x.html">curs_inwstr(3x)</A></STRONG>
- mvwins_nwstr <STRONG><A HREF="curs_ins_wstr.3x.html">curs_ins_wstr(3x)</A></STRONG>
- mvwins_wch <STRONG><A HREF="curs_ins_wch.3x.html">curs_ins_wch(3x)</A></STRONG>
- mvwins_wstr <STRONG><A HREF="curs_ins_wstr.3x.html">curs_ins_wstr(3x)</A></STRONG>
- mvwinsch <STRONG><A HREF="curs_insch.3x.html">curs_insch(3x)</A></STRONG>
- mvwinsnstr <STRONG><A HREF="curs_insstr.3x.html">curs_insstr(3x)</A></STRONG>
- mvwinsstr <STRONG><A HREF="curs_insstr.3x.html">curs_insstr(3x)</A></STRONG>
- mvwinstr <STRONG><A HREF="curs_instr.3x.html">curs_instr(3x)</A></STRONG>
- mvwinwstr <STRONG><A HREF="curs_inwstr.3x.html">curs_inwstr(3x)</A></STRONG>
- mvwprintw <STRONG><A HREF="curs_printw.3x.html">curs_printw(3x)</A></STRONG>
- mvwscanw <STRONG><A HREF="curs_scanw.3x.html">curs_scanw(3x)</A></STRONG>
- mvwvline <STRONG><A HREF="curs_border.3x.html">curs_border(3x)</A></STRONG>
- mvwvline_set <STRONG><A HREF="curs_border_set.3x.html">curs_border_set(3x)</A></STRONG>
- napms <STRONG><A HREF="curs_kernel.3x.html">curs_kernel(3x)</A></STRONG>
- newpad <STRONG><A HREF="curs_pad.3x.html">curs_pad(3x)</A></STRONG>
- newterm <STRONG><A HREF="curs_initscr.3x.html">curs_initscr(3x)</A></STRONG>
- newwin <STRONG><A HREF="curs_window.3x.html">curs_window(3x)</A></STRONG>
- nl <STRONG><A HREF="curs_outopts.3x.html">curs_outopts(3x)</A></STRONG>
- nocbreak <STRONG><A HREF="curs_inopts.3x.html">curs_inopts(3x)</A></STRONG>
- nodelay <STRONG><A HREF="curs_inopts.3x.html">curs_inopts(3x)</A></STRONG>
- noecho <STRONG><A HREF="curs_inopts.3x.html">curs_inopts(3x)</A></STRONG>
- nofilter <STRONG><A HREF="curs_util.3x.html">curs_util(3x)</A></STRONG>*
- nonl <STRONG><A HREF="curs_outopts.3x.html">curs_outopts(3x)</A></STRONG>
- noqiflush <STRONG><A HREF="curs_inopts.3x.html">curs_inopts(3x)</A></STRONG>
- noraw <STRONG><A HREF="curs_inopts.3x.html">curs_inopts(3x)</A></STRONG>
- notimeout <STRONG><A HREF="curs_inopts.3x.html">curs_inopts(3x)</A></STRONG>
- overlay <STRONG><A HREF="curs_overlay.3x.html">curs_overlay(3x)</A></STRONG>
- overwrite <STRONG><A HREF="curs_overlay.3x.html">curs_overlay(3x)</A></STRONG>
- pair_content <STRONG><A HREF="curs_color.3x.html">curs_color(3x)</A></STRONG>
- pechochar <STRONG><A HREF="curs_pad.3x.html">curs_pad(3x)</A></STRONG>
- pnoutrefresh <STRONG><A HREF="curs_pad.3x.html">curs_pad(3x)</A></STRONG>
- prefresh <STRONG><A HREF="curs_pad.3x.html">curs_pad(3x)</A></STRONG>
- printw <STRONG><A HREF="curs_printw.3x.html">curs_printw(3x)</A></STRONG>
- putp <STRONG><A HREF="curs_terminfo.3x.html">curs_terminfo(3x)</A></STRONG>
- putwin <STRONG><A HREF="curs_util.3x.html">curs_util(3x)</A></STRONG>
- qiflush <STRONG><A HREF="curs_inopts.3x.html">curs_inopts(3x)</A></STRONG>
- raw <STRONG><A HREF="curs_inopts.3x.html">curs_inopts(3x)</A></STRONG>
- redrawwin <STRONG><A HREF="curs_refresh.3x.html">curs_refresh(3x)</A></STRONG>
-
- refresh <STRONG><A HREF="curs_refresh.3x.html">curs_refresh(3x)</A></STRONG>
- reset_prog_mode <STRONG><A HREF="curs_kernel.3x.html">curs_kernel(3x)</A></STRONG>
- reset_shell_mode <STRONG><A HREF="curs_kernel.3x.html">curs_kernel(3x)</A></STRONG>
- resetty <STRONG><A HREF="curs_kernel.3x.html">curs_kernel(3x)</A></STRONG>
- resize_term <STRONG><A HREF="resizeterm.3x.html">resizeterm(3x)</A></STRONG>*
- resizeterm <STRONG><A HREF="resizeterm.3x.html">resizeterm(3x)</A></STRONG>*
- restartterm <STRONG><A HREF="curs_terminfo.3x.html">curs_terminfo(3x)</A></STRONG>
- ripoffline <STRONG><A HREF="curs_kernel.3x.html">curs_kernel(3x)</A></STRONG>
- savetty <STRONG><A HREF="curs_kernel.3x.html">curs_kernel(3x)</A></STRONG>
- scanw <STRONG><A HREF="curs_scanw.3x.html">curs_scanw(3x)</A></STRONG>
- scr_dump <STRONG><A HREF="curs_scr_dump.3x.html">curs_scr_dump(3x)</A></STRONG>
- scr_init <STRONG><A HREF="curs_scr_dump.3x.html">curs_scr_dump(3x)</A></STRONG>
- scr_restore <STRONG><A HREF="curs_scr_dump.3x.html">curs_scr_dump(3x)</A></STRONG>
- scr_set <STRONG><A HREF="curs_scr_dump.3x.html">curs_scr_dump(3x)</A></STRONG>
- scrl <STRONG><A HREF="curs_scroll.3x.html">curs_scroll(3x)</A></STRONG>
- scroll <STRONG><A HREF="curs_scroll.3x.html">curs_scroll(3x)</A></STRONG>
- scrollok <STRONG><A HREF="curs_outopts.3x.html">curs_outopts(3x)</A></STRONG>
- set_curterm <STRONG><A HREF="curs_terminfo.3x.html">curs_terminfo(3x)</A></STRONG>
- set_term <STRONG><A HREF="curs_initscr.3x.html">curs_initscr(3x)</A></STRONG>
- setcchar <STRONG><A HREF="curs_getcchar.3x.html">curs_getcchar(3x)</A></STRONG>
- setscrreg <STRONG><A HREF="curs_outopts.3x.html">curs_outopts(3x)</A></STRONG>
- setsyx <STRONG><A HREF="curs_kernel.3x.html">curs_kernel(3x)</A></STRONG>
- setterm <STRONG><A HREF="curs_terminfo.3x.html">curs_terminfo(3x)</A></STRONG>
- setupterm <STRONG><A HREF="curs_terminfo.3x.html">curs_terminfo(3x)</A></STRONG>
- slk_attr <STRONG><A HREF="curs_slk.3x.html">curs_slk(3x)</A></STRONG>*
- slk_attr_off <STRONG><A HREF="curs_slk.3x.html">curs_slk(3x)</A></STRONG>
- slk_attr_on <STRONG><A HREF="curs_slk.3x.html">curs_slk(3x)</A></STRONG>
- slk_attr_set <STRONG><A HREF="curs_slk.3x.html">curs_slk(3x)</A></STRONG>
- slk_attroff <STRONG><A HREF="curs_slk.3x.html">curs_slk(3x)</A></STRONG>
- slk_attron <STRONG><A HREF="curs_slk.3x.html">curs_slk(3x)</A></STRONG>
- slk_attrset <STRONG><A HREF="curs_slk.3x.html">curs_slk(3x)</A></STRONG>
- slk_clear <STRONG><A HREF="curs_slk.3x.html">curs_slk(3x)</A></STRONG>
- slk_color <STRONG><A HREF="curs_slk.3x.html">curs_slk(3x)</A></STRONG>
- slk_init <STRONG><A HREF="curs_slk.3x.html">curs_slk(3x)</A></STRONG>
- slk_label <STRONG><A HREF="curs_slk.3x.html">curs_slk(3x)</A></STRONG>
- slk_noutrefresh <STRONG><A HREF="curs_slk.3x.html">curs_slk(3x)</A></STRONG>
- slk_refresh <STRONG><A HREF="curs_slk.3x.html">curs_slk(3x)</A></STRONG>
- slk_restore <STRONG><A HREF="curs_slk.3x.html">curs_slk(3x)</A></STRONG>
- slk_set <STRONG><A HREF="curs_slk.3x.html">curs_slk(3x)</A></STRONG>
- slk_touch <STRONG><A HREF="curs_slk.3x.html">curs_slk(3x)</A></STRONG>
- standend <STRONG><A HREF="curs_attr.3x.html">curs_attr(3x)</A></STRONG>
- standout <STRONG><A HREF="curs_attr.3x.html">curs_attr(3x)</A></STRONG>
- start_color <STRONG><A HREF="curs_color.3x.html">curs_color(3x)</A></STRONG>
- subpad <STRONG><A HREF="curs_pad.3x.html">curs_pad(3x)</A></STRONG>
- subwin <STRONG><A HREF="curs_window.3x.html">curs_window(3x)</A></STRONG>
- syncok <STRONG><A HREF="curs_window.3x.html">curs_window(3x)</A></STRONG>
- term_attrs <STRONG><A HREF="curs_termattrs.3x.html">curs_termattrs(3x)</A></STRONG>
- termattrs <STRONG><A HREF="curs_termattrs.3x.html">curs_termattrs(3x)</A></STRONG>
- termname <STRONG><A HREF="curs_termattrs.3x.html">curs_termattrs(3x)</A></STRONG>
- tgetent <STRONG><A HREF="curs_termcap.3x.html">curs_termcap(3x)</A></STRONG>
- tgetflag <STRONG><A HREF="curs_termcap.3x.html">curs_termcap(3x)</A></STRONG>
- tgetnum <STRONG><A HREF="curs_termcap.3x.html">curs_termcap(3x)</A></STRONG>
- tgetstr <STRONG><A HREF="curs_termcap.3x.html">curs_termcap(3x)</A></STRONG>
- tgoto <STRONG><A HREF="curs_termcap.3x.html">curs_termcap(3x)</A></STRONG>
- tigetflag <STRONG><A HREF="curs_terminfo.3x.html">curs_terminfo(3x)</A></STRONG>
- tigetnum <STRONG><A HREF="curs_terminfo.3x.html">curs_terminfo(3x)</A></STRONG>
- tigetstr <STRONG><A HREF="curs_terminfo.3x.html">curs_terminfo(3x)</A></STRONG>
- tiparm <STRONG><A HREF="curs_terminfo.3x.html">curs_terminfo(3x)</A></STRONG>*
- timeout <STRONG><A HREF="curs_inopts.3x.html">curs_inopts(3x)</A></STRONG>
- touchline <STRONG><A HREF="curs_touch.3x.html">curs_touch(3x)</A></STRONG>
- touchwin <STRONG><A HREF="curs_touch.3x.html">curs_touch(3x)</A></STRONG>
- tparm <STRONG><A HREF="curs_terminfo.3x.html">curs_terminfo(3x)</A></STRONG>
- tputs <STRONG><A HREF="curs_termcap.3x.html">curs_termcap(3x)</A></STRONG>
- tputs <STRONG><A HREF="curs_terminfo.3x.html">curs_terminfo(3x)</A></STRONG>
- trace <STRONG><A HREF="curs_trace.3x.html">curs_trace(3x)</A></STRONG>*
- typeahead <STRONG><A HREF="curs_inopts.3x.html">curs_inopts(3x)</A></STRONG>
-
- unctrl <STRONG><A HREF="curs_util.3x.html">curs_util(3x)</A></STRONG>
- unget_wch <STRONG><A HREF="curs_get_wch.3x.html">curs_get_wch(3x)</A></STRONG>
- ungetch <STRONG><A HREF="curs_getch.3x.html">curs_getch(3x)</A></STRONG>
- ungetmouse <STRONG><A HREF="curs_mouse.3x.html">curs_mouse(3x)</A></STRONG>*
- untouchwin <STRONG><A HREF="curs_touch.3x.html">curs_touch(3x)</A></STRONG>
- use_default_colors <STRONG><A HREF="default_colors.3x.html">default_colors(3x)</A></STRONG>*
- use_env <STRONG><A HREF="curs_util.3x.html">curs_util(3x)</A></STRONG>
- use_extended_names <STRONG><A HREF="curs_extend.3x.html">curs_extend(3x)</A></STRONG>*
- use_legacy_coding <STRONG><A HREF="legacy_coding.3x.html">legacy_coding(3x)</A></STRONG>*
- use_tioctl <STRONG><A HREF="curs_util.3x.html">curs_util(3x)</A></STRONG>
- vid_attr <STRONG><A HREF="curs_terminfo.3x.html">curs_terminfo(3x)</A></STRONG>
- vid_puts <STRONG><A HREF="curs_terminfo.3x.html">curs_terminfo(3x)</A></STRONG>
- vidattr <STRONG><A HREF="curs_terminfo.3x.html">curs_terminfo(3x)</A></STRONG>
- vidputs <STRONG><A HREF="curs_terminfo.3x.html">curs_terminfo(3x)</A></STRONG>
- vline <STRONG><A HREF="curs_border.3x.html">curs_border(3x)</A></STRONG>
- vline_set <STRONG><A HREF="curs_border_set.3x.html">curs_border_set(3x)</A></STRONG>
- vw_printw <STRONG><A HREF="curs_printw.3x.html">curs_printw(3x)</A></STRONG>
- vw_scanw <STRONG><A HREF="curs_scanw.3x.html">curs_scanw(3x)</A></STRONG>
- vwprintw <STRONG><A HREF="curs_printw.3x.html">curs_printw(3x)</A></STRONG>
- vwscanw <STRONG><A HREF="curs_scanw.3x.html">curs_scanw(3x)</A></STRONG>
- wadd_wch <STRONG><A HREF="curs_add_wch.3x.html">curs_add_wch(3x)</A></STRONG>
- wadd_wchnstr <STRONG><A HREF="curs_add_wchstr.3x.html">curs_add_wchstr(3x)</A></STRONG>
- wadd_wchstr <STRONG><A HREF="curs_add_wchstr.3x.html">curs_add_wchstr(3x)</A></STRONG>
- waddch <STRONG><A HREF="curs_addch.3x.html">curs_addch(3x)</A></STRONG>
- waddchnstr <STRONG><A HREF="curs_addchstr.3x.html">curs_addchstr(3x)</A></STRONG>
- waddchstr <STRONG><A HREF="curs_addchstr.3x.html">curs_addchstr(3x)</A></STRONG>
- waddnstr <STRONG><A HREF="curs_addstr.3x.html">curs_addstr(3x)</A></STRONG>
- waddnwstr <STRONG><A HREF="curs_addwstr.3x.html">curs_addwstr(3x)</A></STRONG>
- waddstr <STRONG><A HREF="curs_addstr.3x.html">curs_addstr(3x)</A></STRONG>
- waddwstr <STRONG><A HREF="curs_addwstr.3x.html">curs_addwstr(3x)</A></STRONG>
- wattr_get <STRONG><A HREF="curs_attr.3x.html">curs_attr(3x)</A></STRONG>
- wattr_off <STRONG><A HREF="curs_attr.3x.html">curs_attr(3x)</A></STRONG>
- wattr_on <STRONG><A HREF="curs_attr.3x.html">curs_attr(3x)</A></STRONG>
- wattr_set <STRONG><A HREF="curs_attr.3x.html">curs_attr(3x)</A></STRONG>
- wattroff <STRONG><A HREF="curs_attr.3x.html">curs_attr(3x)</A></STRONG>
- wattron <STRONG><A HREF="curs_attr.3x.html">curs_attr(3x)</A></STRONG>
- wattrset <STRONG><A HREF="curs_attr.3x.html">curs_attr(3x)</A></STRONG>
- wbkgd <STRONG><A HREF="curs_bkgd.3x.html">curs_bkgd(3x)</A></STRONG>
- wbkgdset <STRONG><A HREF="curs_bkgd.3x.html">curs_bkgd(3x)</A></STRONG>
- wbkgrnd <STRONG><A HREF="curs_bkgrnd.3x.html">curs_bkgrnd(3x)</A></STRONG>
- wbkgrndset <STRONG><A HREF="curs_bkgrnd.3x.html">curs_bkgrnd(3x)</A></STRONG>
- wborder <STRONG><A HREF="curs_border.3x.html">curs_border(3x)</A></STRONG>
- wborder_set <STRONG><A HREF="curs_border_set.3x.html">curs_border_set(3x)</A></STRONG>
- wchgat <STRONG><A HREF="curs_attr.3x.html">curs_attr(3x)</A></STRONG>
- wclear <STRONG><A HREF="curs_clear.3x.html">curs_clear(3x)</A></STRONG>
- wclrtobot <STRONG><A HREF="curs_clear.3x.html">curs_clear(3x)</A></STRONG>
- wclrtoeol <STRONG><A HREF="curs_clear.3x.html">curs_clear(3x)</A></STRONG>
- wcolor_set <STRONG><A HREF="curs_attr.3x.html">curs_attr(3x)</A></STRONG>
- wcursyncup <STRONG><A HREF="curs_window.3x.html">curs_window(3x)</A></STRONG>
- wdelch <STRONG><A HREF="curs_delch.3x.html">curs_delch(3x)</A></STRONG>
- wdeleteln <STRONG><A HREF="curs_deleteln.3x.html">curs_deleteln(3x)</A></STRONG>
- wecho_wchar <STRONG><A HREF="curs_add_wch.3x.html">curs_add_wch(3x)</A></STRONG>
- wechochar <STRONG><A HREF="curs_addch.3x.html">curs_addch(3x)</A></STRONG>
- wenclose <STRONG><A HREF="curs_mouse.3x.html">curs_mouse(3x)</A></STRONG>*
- werase <STRONG><A HREF="curs_clear.3x.html">curs_clear(3x)</A></STRONG>
- wget_wch <STRONG><A HREF="curs_get_wch.3x.html">curs_get_wch(3x)</A></STRONG>
- wget_wstr <STRONG><A HREF="curs_get_wstr.3x.html">curs_get_wstr(3x)</A></STRONG>
- wgetbkgrnd <STRONG><A HREF="curs_bkgrnd.3x.html">curs_bkgrnd(3x)</A></STRONG>
- wgetch <STRONG><A HREF="curs_getch.3x.html">curs_getch(3x)</A></STRONG>
- wgetdelay <STRONG><A HREF="curs_opaque.3x.html">curs_opaque(3x)</A></STRONG>*
- wgetn_wstr <STRONG><A HREF="curs_get_wstr.3x.html">curs_get_wstr(3x)</A></STRONG>
- wgetnstr <STRONG><A HREF="curs_getstr.3x.html">curs_getstr(3x)</A></STRONG>
- wgetparent <STRONG><A HREF="curs_opaque.3x.html">curs_opaque(3x)</A></STRONG>*
- wgetscrreg <STRONG><A HREF="curs_opaque.3x.html">curs_opaque(3x)</A></STRONG>*
- wgetstr <STRONG><A HREF="curs_getstr.3x.html">curs_getstr(3x)</A></STRONG>
- whline <STRONG><A HREF="curs_border.3x.html">curs_border(3x)</A></STRONG>
-
- whline_set <STRONG><A HREF="curs_border_set.3x.html">curs_border_set(3x)</A></STRONG>
- win_wch <STRONG><A HREF="curs_in_wch.3x.html">curs_in_wch(3x)</A></STRONG>
- win_wchnstr <STRONG><A HREF="curs_in_wchstr.3x.html">curs_in_wchstr(3x)</A></STRONG>
- win_wchstr <STRONG><A HREF="curs_in_wchstr.3x.html">curs_in_wchstr(3x)</A></STRONG>
- winch <STRONG><A HREF="curs_inch.3x.html">curs_inch(3x)</A></STRONG>
- winchnstr <STRONG><A HREF="curs_inchstr.3x.html">curs_inchstr(3x)</A></STRONG>
- winchstr <STRONG><A HREF="curs_inchstr.3x.html">curs_inchstr(3x)</A></STRONG>
- winnstr <STRONG><A HREF="curs_instr.3x.html">curs_instr(3x)</A></STRONG>
- winnwstr <STRONG><A HREF="curs_inwstr.3x.html">curs_inwstr(3x)</A></STRONG>
- wins_nwstr <STRONG><A HREF="curs_ins_wstr.3x.html">curs_ins_wstr(3x)</A></STRONG>
- wins_wch <STRONG><A HREF="curs_ins_wch.3x.html">curs_ins_wch(3x)</A></STRONG>
- wins_wstr <STRONG><A HREF="curs_ins_wstr.3x.html">curs_ins_wstr(3x)</A></STRONG>
- winsch <STRONG><A HREF="curs_insch.3x.html">curs_insch(3x)</A></STRONG>
- winsdelln <STRONG><A HREF="curs_deleteln.3x.html">curs_deleteln(3x)</A></STRONG>
- winsertln <STRONG><A HREF="curs_deleteln.3x.html">curs_deleteln(3x)</A></STRONG>
- winsnstr <STRONG><A HREF="curs_insstr.3x.html">curs_insstr(3x)</A></STRONG>
- winsstr <STRONG><A HREF="curs_insstr.3x.html">curs_insstr(3x)</A></STRONG>
- winstr <STRONG><A HREF="curs_instr.3x.html">curs_instr(3x)</A></STRONG>
- winwstr <STRONG><A HREF="curs_inwstr.3x.html">curs_inwstr(3x)</A></STRONG>
- wmouse_trafo <STRONG><A HREF="curs_mouse.3x.html">curs_mouse(3x)</A></STRONG>*
- wmove <STRONG><A HREF="curs_move.3x.html">curs_move(3x)</A></STRONG>
- wnoutrefresh <STRONG><A HREF="curs_refresh.3x.html">curs_refresh(3x)</A></STRONG>
- wprintw <STRONG><A HREF="curs_printw.3x.html">curs_printw(3x)</A></STRONG>
- wredrawln <STRONG><A HREF="curs_refresh.3x.html">curs_refresh(3x)</A></STRONG>
- wrefresh <STRONG><A HREF="curs_refresh.3x.html">curs_refresh(3x)</A></STRONG>
- wresize <STRONG><A HREF="wresize.3x.html">wresize(3x)</A></STRONG>*
- wscanw <STRONG><A HREF="curs_scanw.3x.html">curs_scanw(3x)</A></STRONG>
- wscrl <STRONG><A HREF="curs_scroll.3x.html">curs_scroll(3x)</A></STRONG>
- wsetscrreg <STRONG><A HREF="curs_outopts.3x.html">curs_outopts(3x)</A></STRONG>
- wstandend <STRONG><A HREF="curs_attr.3x.html">curs_attr(3x)</A></STRONG>
- wstandout <STRONG><A HREF="curs_attr.3x.html">curs_attr(3x)</A></STRONG>
- wsyncdown <STRONG><A HREF="curs_window.3x.html">curs_window(3x)</A></STRONG>
- wsyncup <STRONG><A HREF="curs_window.3x.html">curs_window(3x)</A></STRONG>
- wtimeout <STRONG><A HREF="curs_inopts.3x.html">curs_inopts(3x)</A></STRONG>
- wtouchln <STRONG><A HREF="curs_touch.3x.html">curs_touch(3x)</A></STRONG>
- wunctrl <STRONG><A HREF="curs_util.3x.html">curs_util(3x)</A></STRONG>
- wvline <STRONG><A HREF="curs_border.3x.html">curs_border(3x)</A></STRONG>
- wvline_set <STRONG><A HREF="curs_border_set.3x.html">curs_border_set(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ The selection of an appropriate value of <EM>TERM</EM> in the process
+ environment is essential to correct <EM>curses</EM> and <EM>terminfo</EM> library
+ operation. A well-configured system selects a correct <EM>TERM</EM> value
+ automatically; <STRONG><A HREF="tset.1.html">tset(1)</A></STRONG> may assist with troubleshooting exotic
+ situations.
+
+ If you change the terminal type, export the <EM>TERM</EM> environment variable
+ in the shell, then run <STRONG><A HREF="tset.1.html">tset(1)</A></STRONG> or the "<STRONG>tput</STRONG> <STRONG>init</STRONG>" command. See
+ subsection "Tabs and Initialization" of <STRONG><A HREF="terminfo.5.html">terminfo(5)</A></STRONG>.
+
+ If the environment variables <EM>LINES</EM> and <EM>COLUMNS</EM> are set, or if the
+ <EM>curses</EM> program is executing in a graphical windowing environment, the
+ information obtained thence overrides that obtained by <EM>terminfo</EM>. An
+ <EM>ncurses</EM> extension supports resizable terminals; see <STRONG><A HREF="wresize.3x.html">wresize(3x)</A></STRONG>.
+
+ If the environment variable <EM>TERMINFO</EM> is defined, a <EM>curses</EM> program
+ checks first for a terminal type description in the location it
+ identifies. <EM>TERMINFO</EM> is useful for developing experimental type
+ descriptions or when write permission to <EM>/usr/share/terminfo</EM> is not
+ available.
+
+ See section "ENVIRONMENT" below.
+
+
+</PRE><H3><a name="h3-Naming-Conventions">Naming Conventions</a></H3><PRE>
+ <EM>curses</EM> offers many functions in variant forms using a regular set of
+ alternatives to the name of an elemental one. Those prefixed with "w"
+ require a <EM>WINDOW</EM> pointer argument; those with a "mv" prefix first
+ perform cursor movement using <STRONG><A HREF="curs_move.3x.html">wmove(3x)</A></STRONG>; a "mvw" prefix indicates both.
+ The "w" function is typically the elemental one; the removal of this
+ prefix usually indicates operation on <STRONG>stdscr</STRONG>.
+
+ Four functions prefixed with "p" require a pad argument.
+
+ In function synopses, <EM>ncurses</EM> man pages apply the following names to
+ parameters.
+
+ <EM>bf</EM> <EM>bool</EM> (<STRONG>TRUE</STRONG> or <STRONG>FALSE</STRONG>)
+ <EM>win</EM> pointer to a <EM>WINDOW</EM>
+ <EM>pad</EM> pointer to a <EM>WINDOW</EM> that is a pad
+
+
+</PRE><H3><a name="h3-Wide-and-Non-wide-Character-Configurations">Wide and Non-wide Character Configurations</a></H3><PRE>
+ This manual page describes functions that appear in any configuration
+ of the library. There are two common configurations; see section
+ "ALTERNATE CONFIGURATIONS" below.
+
+ <EM>ncurses</EM> is the library in its "non-wide" configuration, handling only
+ eight-bit characters. It stores a character combined with
+ attributes in a <EM>chtype</EM> datum, which is often an alias of <EM>int</EM>.
+
+ Attributes alone (with no corresponding character) can be
+ stored in variables of <EM>chtype</EM> or <EM>attr</EM><STRONG>_</STRONG><EM>t</EM> type. In either
+ case, they are represented as an integral bit mask.
+
+ Each cell of a <EM>WINDOW</EM> is stored as a <EM>chtype</EM>.
+
+ <EM>ncursesw</EM> is the library in its "wide" configuration, which handles
+ character encodings requiring a larger data type than <EM>char</EM> (a
+ byte-sized type) can represent. It adds about one third more
+ calls using additional data types that can store such
+ <EM>multibyte</EM> characters.
+
+ <EM>cchar</EM><STRONG>_</STRONG><EM>t</EM> corresponds to the non-wide configuration's <EM>chtype</EM>.
+ It always a structure type, because it stores more
+ data than fit into a standard scalar type. A
+ character code may not be representable as a <EM>char</EM>,
+ and moreover more than one character may occupy a
+ cell (as with accent marks and other diacritics).
+ Each character is of type <EM>wchar</EM><STRONG>_</STRONG><EM>t</EM>; a complex
+ character contains one spacing character and zero or
+ more non-spacing characters (see below). Attributes
+ and color data are stored in separate fields of the
+ structure, not combined as in <EM>chtype</EM>.
+
+ Each cell of a <EM>WINDOW</EM> is stored as a <EM>cchar</EM><STRONG>_</STRONG><EM>t</EM>.
+
+ <STRONG><A HREF="curs_getcchar.3x.html">setcchar(3x)</A></STRONG> and <STRONG><A HREF="curs_getcchar.3x.html">getcchar(3x)</A></STRONG> store and retrieve <EM>cchar</EM><STRONG>_</STRONG><EM>t</EM>
+ data. The wide library API of <EM>ncurses</EM> depends on two data
+ types standardized by ISO C95.
+
+ <EM>wchar</EM><STRONG>_</STRONG><EM>t</EM> stores a wide character. Like <EM>chtype</EM>, it may be an
+ alias of <EM>int</EM>. Depending on the character encoding,
+ a wide character may be <EM>spacing</EM>, meaning that it
+ occupies a character cell by itself and typically
+ accompanies cursor advancement, or <EM>non-spacing</EM>,
+ meaning that it occupies the same cell as a spacing
+ character, is often regarded as a "modifier" of the
+ base glyph with which it combines, and typically
+ does not advance the cursor.
+
+ <EM>wint</EM><STRONG>_</STRONG><EM>t</EM> can store a <EM>wchar</EM><STRONG>_</STRONG><EM>t</EM> or the constant <STRONG>WEOF</STRONG>,
+ analogously to the <EM>int</EM>-sized character manipulation
+ functions of ISO C and its constant <STRONG>EOF</STRONG>.
+
+ The wide library provides additional functions that
+ complement those in the non-wide library where the size of
+ the underlying character type is significant. A somewhat
+ regular naming convention relates many of the wide variants
+ to their non-wide counterparts; where a non-wide function
+ name contains "ch" or "str", prefix it with "_w" to obtain
+ the wide counterpart. For example, <STRONG>waddch</STRONG> becomes <STRONG>wadd_wch</STRONG>.
+ (Exceptions that add only "w" comprise <STRONG>addwstr</STRONG>, <STRONG>inwstr</STRONG>, and
+ their variants.)
+
+ This convention is inapplicable to some non-wide function
+ names, so other transformations are used for the wide
+ configuration: the window background management function
+ "bkgd" becomes "bkgrnd"; the window border-drawing and
+ -clearing functions are suffixed with "_set"; and character
+ attribute manipulation functions like "attron" become
+ "attr_on".
+
+
+</PRE><H3><a name="h3-Function-Name-Index">Function Name Index</a></H3><PRE>
+ The following table lists the <EM>curses</EM> functions provided in the non-wide
+ and wide APIs and the corresponding man pages that describe them.
+ Those flagged with "*" are <EM>ncurses</EM>-specific, neither described by
+ X/Open Curses nor present in SVr4.
+
+ <STRONG><EM>curses</EM></STRONG> Function Name Man Page
+ ---------------------------------------------
+ COLOR_PAIR <STRONG><A HREF="curs_color.3x.html">curs_color(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ PAIR_NUMBER <STRONG><A HREF="curs_color.3x.html">curs_color(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ add_wch <STRONG><A HREF="curs_add_wch.3x.html">curs_add_wch(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ add_wchnstr <STRONG><A HREF="curs_add_wchstr.3x.html">curs_add_wchstr(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ add_wchstr <STRONG><A HREF="curs_add_wchstr.3x.html">curs_add_wchstr(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ addch <STRONG><A HREF="curs_addch.3x.html">curs_addch(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ addchnstr <STRONG><A HREF="curs_addchstr.3x.html">curs_addchstr(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ addchstr <STRONG><A HREF="curs_addchstr.3x.html">curs_addchstr(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ addnstr <STRONG><A HREF="curs_addstr.3x.html">curs_addstr(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ addnwstr <STRONG><A HREF="curs_addwstr.3x.html">curs_addwstr(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ addstr <STRONG><A HREF="curs_addstr.3x.html">curs_addstr(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ addwstr <STRONG><A HREF="curs_addwstr.3x.html">curs_addwstr(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ alloc_pair <STRONG><A HREF="new_pair.3x.html">new_pair(3x)</A></STRONG>*
+ assume_default_colors <STRONG><A HREF="default_colors.3x.html">default_colors(3x)</A></STRONG>*
+ attr_get <STRONG><A HREF="curs_attr.3x.html">curs_attr(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ attr_off <STRONG><A HREF="curs_attr.3x.html">curs_attr(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ attr_on <STRONG><A HREF="curs_attr.3x.html">curs_attr(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ attr_set <STRONG><A HREF="curs_attr.3x.html">curs_attr(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ attroff <STRONG><A HREF="curs_attr.3x.html">curs_attr(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ attron <STRONG><A HREF="curs_attr.3x.html">curs_attr(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ attrset <STRONG><A HREF="curs_attr.3x.html">curs_attr(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ baudrate <STRONG><A HREF="curs_termattrs.3x.html">curs_termattrs(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ beep <STRONG><A HREF="curs_beep.3x.html">curs_beep(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ bkgd <STRONG><A HREF="curs_bkgd.3x.html">curs_bkgd(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ bkgdset <STRONG><A HREF="curs_bkgd.3x.html">curs_bkgd(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ bkgrnd <STRONG><A HREF="curs_bkgrnd.3x.html">curs_bkgrnd(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ bkgrndset <STRONG><A HREF="curs_bkgrnd.3x.html">curs_bkgrnd(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ border <STRONG><A HREF="curs_border.3x.html">curs_border(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ border_set <STRONG><A HREF="curs_border_set.3x.html">curs_border_set(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ box <STRONG><A HREF="curs_border.3x.html">curs_border(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ box_set <STRONG><A HREF="curs_border_set.3x.html">curs_border_set(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ can_change_color <STRONG><A HREF="curs_color.3x.html">curs_color(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ cbreak <STRONG><A HREF="curs_inopts.3x.html">curs_inopts(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ chgat <STRONG><A HREF="curs_attr.3x.html">curs_attr(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ clear <STRONG><A HREF="curs_clear.3x.html">curs_clear(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ clearok <STRONG><A HREF="curs_outopts.3x.html">curs_outopts(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ clrtobot <STRONG><A HREF="curs_clear.3x.html">curs_clear(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ clrtoeol <STRONG><A HREF="curs_clear.3x.html">curs_clear(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ color_content <STRONG><A HREF="curs_color.3x.html">curs_color(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ color_set <STRONG><A HREF="curs_attr.3x.html">curs_attr(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ copywin <STRONG><A HREF="curs_overlay.3x.html">curs_overlay(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ curs_set <STRONG><A HREF="curs_kernel.3x.html">curs_kernel(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ curses_trace <STRONG><A HREF="curs_trace.3x.html">curs_trace(3x)</A></STRONG>*
+ curses_version <STRONG><A HREF="curs_extend.3x.html">curs_extend(3x)</A></STRONG>*
+ def_prog_mode <STRONG><A HREF="curs_kernel.3x.html">curs_kernel(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ def_shell_mode <STRONG><A HREF="curs_kernel.3x.html">curs_kernel(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ define_key <STRONG><A HREF="define_key.3x.html">define_key(3x)</A></STRONG>*
+ del_curterm <STRONG><A HREF="curs_terminfo.3x.html">curs_terminfo(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ delay_output <STRONG><A HREF="curs_util.3x.html">curs_util(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ delch <STRONG><A HREF="curs_delch.3x.html">curs_delch(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ deleteln <STRONG><A HREF="curs_deleteln.3x.html">curs_deleteln(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ delscreen <STRONG><A HREF="curs_initscr.3x.html">curs_initscr(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ delwin <STRONG><A HREF="curs_window.3x.html">curs_window(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ derwin <STRONG><A HREF="curs_window.3x.html">curs_window(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ doupdate <STRONG><A HREF="curs_refresh.3x.html">curs_refresh(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ dupwin <STRONG><A HREF="curs_window.3x.html">curs_window(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ echo <STRONG><A HREF="curs_inopts.3x.html">curs_inopts(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ echo_wchar <STRONG><A HREF="curs_add_wch.3x.html">curs_add_wch(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ echochar <STRONG><A HREF="curs_addch.3x.html">curs_addch(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ endwin <STRONG><A HREF="curs_initscr.3x.html">curs_initscr(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ erase <STRONG><A HREF="curs_clear.3x.html">curs_clear(3x)</A></STRONG>
+
+ erasechar <STRONG><A HREF="curs_termattrs.3x.html">curs_termattrs(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ erasewchar <STRONG><A HREF="curs_termattrs.3x.html">curs_termattrs(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ exit_curses <STRONG><A HREF="curs_memleaks.3x.html">curs_memleaks(3x)</A></STRONG>*
+ exit_terminfo <STRONG><A HREF="curs_memleaks.3x.html">curs_memleaks(3x)</A></STRONG>*
+ extended_color_content <STRONG><A HREF="curs_color.3x.html">curs_color(3x)</A></STRONG>*
+ extended_pair_content <STRONG><A HREF="curs_color.3x.html">curs_color(3x)</A></STRONG>*
+ extended_slk_color <STRONG><A HREF="curs_slk.3x.html">curs_slk(3x)</A></STRONG>*
+ filter <STRONG><A HREF="curs_util.3x.html">curs_util(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ find_pair <STRONG><A HREF="new_pair.3x.html">new_pair(3x)</A></STRONG>*
+ flash <STRONG><A HREF="curs_beep.3x.html">curs_beep(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ flushinp <STRONG><A HREF="curs_util.3x.html">curs_util(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ free_pair <STRONG><A HREF="new_pair.3x.html">new_pair(3x)</A></STRONG>*
+ get_escdelay <STRONG><A HREF="curs_threads.3x.html">curs_threads(3x)</A></STRONG>*
+ get_wch <STRONG><A HREF="curs_get_wch.3x.html">curs_get_wch(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ get_wstr <STRONG><A HREF="curs_get_wstr.3x.html">curs_get_wstr(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ getattrs <STRONG><A HREF="curs_attr.3x.html">curs_attr(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ getbegx <STRONG><A HREF="curs_legacy.3x.html">curs_legacy(3x)</A></STRONG>*
+ getbegy <STRONG><A HREF="curs_legacy.3x.html">curs_legacy(3x)</A></STRONG>*
+ getbegyx <STRONG><A HREF="curs_getyx.3x.html">curs_getyx(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ getbkgd <STRONG><A HREF="curs_bkgd.3x.html">curs_bkgd(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ getbkgrnd <STRONG><A HREF="curs_bkgrnd.3x.html">curs_bkgrnd(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ getcchar <STRONG><A HREF="curs_getcchar.3x.html">curs_getcchar(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ getch <STRONG><A HREF="curs_getch.3x.html">curs_getch(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ getcurx <STRONG><A HREF="curs_legacy.3x.html">curs_legacy(3x)</A></STRONG>*
+ getcury <STRONG><A HREF="curs_legacy.3x.html">curs_legacy(3x)</A></STRONG>*
+ getmaxx <STRONG><A HREF="curs_legacy.3x.html">curs_legacy(3x)</A></STRONG>*
+ getmaxy <STRONG><A HREF="curs_legacy.3x.html">curs_legacy(3x)</A></STRONG>*
+ getmaxyx <STRONG><A HREF="curs_getyx.3x.html">curs_getyx(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ getmouse <STRONG><A HREF="curs_mouse.3x.html">curs_mouse(3x)</A></STRONG>*
+ getn_wstr <STRONG><A HREF="curs_get_wstr.3x.html">curs_get_wstr(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ getnstr <STRONG><A HREF="curs_getstr.3x.html">curs_getstr(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ getparx <STRONG><A HREF="curs_legacy.3x.html">curs_legacy(3x)</A></STRONG>*
+ getpary <STRONG><A HREF="curs_legacy.3x.html">curs_legacy(3x)</A></STRONG>*
+ getparyx <STRONG><A HREF="curs_getyx.3x.html">curs_getyx(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ getstr <STRONG><A HREF="curs_getstr.3x.html">curs_getstr(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ getsyx <STRONG><A HREF="curs_kernel.3x.html">curs_kernel(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ getwin <STRONG><A HREF="curs_util.3x.html">curs_util(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ getyx <STRONG><A HREF="curs_getyx.3x.html">curs_getyx(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ halfdelay <STRONG><A HREF="curs_inopts.3x.html">curs_inopts(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ has_colors <STRONG><A HREF="curs_color.3x.html">curs_color(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ has_ic <STRONG><A HREF="curs_termattrs.3x.html">curs_termattrs(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ has_il <STRONG><A HREF="curs_termattrs.3x.html">curs_termattrs(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ has_key <STRONG><A HREF="curs_getch.3x.html">curs_getch(3x)</A></STRONG>*
+ has_mouse <STRONG><A HREF="curs_mouse.3x.html">curs_mouse(3x)</A></STRONG>*
+ hline <STRONG><A HREF="curs_border.3x.html">curs_border(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ hline_set <STRONG><A HREF="curs_border_set.3x.html">curs_border_set(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ idcok <STRONG><A HREF="curs_outopts.3x.html">curs_outopts(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ idlok <STRONG><A HREF="curs_outopts.3x.html">curs_outopts(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ immedok <STRONG><A HREF="curs_outopts.3x.html">curs_outopts(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ in_wch <STRONG><A HREF="curs_in_wch.3x.html">curs_in_wch(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ in_wchnstr <STRONG><A HREF="curs_in_wchstr.3x.html">curs_in_wchstr(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ in_wchstr <STRONG><A HREF="curs_in_wchstr.3x.html">curs_in_wchstr(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ inch <STRONG><A HREF="curs_inch.3x.html">curs_inch(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ inchnstr <STRONG><A HREF="curs_inchstr.3x.html">curs_inchstr(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ inchstr <STRONG><A HREF="curs_inchstr.3x.html">curs_inchstr(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ init_color <STRONG><A HREF="curs_color.3x.html">curs_color(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ init_extended_color <STRONG><A HREF="curs_color.3x.html">curs_color(3x)</A></STRONG>*
+ init_extended_pair <STRONG><A HREF="curs_color.3x.html">curs_color(3x)</A></STRONG>*
+ init_pair <STRONG><A HREF="curs_color.3x.html">curs_color(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ initscr <STRONG><A HREF="curs_initscr.3x.html">curs_initscr(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ innstr <STRONG><A HREF="curs_instr.3x.html">curs_instr(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ innwstr <STRONG><A HREF="curs_inwstr.3x.html">curs_inwstr(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ ins_nwstr <STRONG><A HREF="curs_ins_wstr.3x.html">curs_ins_wstr(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ ins_wch <STRONG><A HREF="curs_ins_wch.3x.html">curs_ins_wch(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ ins_wstr <STRONG><A HREF="curs_ins_wstr.3x.html">curs_ins_wstr(3x)</A></STRONG>
+
+ insch <STRONG><A HREF="curs_insch.3x.html">curs_insch(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ insdelln <STRONG><A HREF="curs_deleteln.3x.html">curs_deleteln(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ insertln <STRONG><A HREF="curs_deleteln.3x.html">curs_deleteln(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ insnstr <STRONG><A HREF="curs_insstr.3x.html">curs_insstr(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ insstr <STRONG><A HREF="curs_insstr.3x.html">curs_insstr(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ instr <STRONG><A HREF="curs_instr.3x.html">curs_instr(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ intrflush <STRONG><A HREF="curs_inopts.3x.html">curs_inopts(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ inwstr <STRONG><A HREF="curs_inwstr.3x.html">curs_inwstr(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ is_cbreak <STRONG><A HREF="curs_inopts.3x.html">curs_inopts(3x)</A></STRONG>*
+ is_cleared <STRONG><A HREF="curs_opaque.3x.html">curs_opaque(3x)</A></STRONG>*
+ is_echo <STRONG><A HREF="curs_inopts.3x.html">curs_inopts(3x)</A></STRONG>*
+ is_idcok <STRONG><A HREF="curs_opaque.3x.html">curs_opaque(3x)</A></STRONG>*
+ is_idlok <STRONG><A HREF="curs_opaque.3x.html">curs_opaque(3x)</A></STRONG>*
+ is_immedok <STRONG><A HREF="curs_opaque.3x.html">curs_opaque(3x)</A></STRONG>*
+ is_keypad <STRONG><A HREF="curs_opaque.3x.html">curs_opaque(3x)</A></STRONG>*
+ is_leaveok <STRONG><A HREF="curs_opaque.3x.html">curs_opaque(3x)</A></STRONG>*
+ is_linetouched <STRONG><A HREF="curs_touch.3x.html">curs_touch(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ is_nl <STRONG><A HREF="curs_inopts.3x.html">curs_inopts(3x)</A></STRONG>*
+ is_nodelay <STRONG><A HREF="curs_opaque.3x.html">curs_opaque(3x)</A></STRONG>*
+ is_notimeout <STRONG><A HREF="curs_opaque.3x.html">curs_opaque(3x)</A></STRONG>*
+ is_pad <STRONG><A HREF="curs_opaque.3x.html">curs_opaque(3x)</A></STRONG>*
+ is_raw <STRONG><A HREF="curs_inopts.3x.html">curs_inopts(3x)</A></STRONG>*
+ is_scrollok <STRONG><A HREF="curs_opaque.3x.html">curs_opaque(3x)</A></STRONG>*
+ is_subwin <STRONG><A HREF="curs_opaque.3x.html">curs_opaque(3x)</A></STRONG>*
+ is_syncok <STRONG><A HREF="curs_opaque.3x.html">curs_opaque(3x)</A></STRONG>*
+ is_term_resized <STRONG><A HREF="resizeterm.3x.html">resizeterm(3x)</A></STRONG>*
+ is_wintouched <STRONG><A HREF="curs_touch.3x.html">curs_touch(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ isendwin <STRONG><A HREF="curs_initscr.3x.html">curs_initscr(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ key_defined <STRONG><A HREF="key_defined.3x.html">key_defined(3x)</A></STRONG>*
+ key_name <STRONG><A HREF="curs_util.3x.html">curs_util(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ keybound <STRONG><A HREF="keybound.3x.html">keybound(3x)</A></STRONG>*
+ keyname <STRONG><A HREF="curs_util.3x.html">curs_util(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ keyok <STRONG><A HREF="keyok.3x.html">keyok(3x)</A></STRONG>*
+ keypad <STRONG><A HREF="curs_inopts.3x.html">curs_inopts(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ killchar <STRONG><A HREF="curs_termattrs.3x.html">curs_termattrs(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ killwchar <STRONG><A HREF="curs_termattrs.3x.html">curs_termattrs(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ leaveok <STRONG><A HREF="curs_outopts.3x.html">curs_outopts(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ longname <STRONG><A HREF="curs_termattrs.3x.html">curs_termattrs(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ mcprint <STRONG><A HREF="curs_print.3x.html">curs_print(3x)</A></STRONG>*
+ meta <STRONG><A HREF="curs_inopts.3x.html">curs_inopts(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ mouse_trafo <STRONG><A HREF="curs_mouse.3x.html">curs_mouse(3x)</A></STRONG>*
+ mouseinterval <STRONG><A HREF="curs_mouse.3x.html">curs_mouse(3x)</A></STRONG>*
+ mousemask <STRONG><A HREF="curs_mouse.3x.html">curs_mouse(3x)</A></STRONG>*
+ move <STRONG><A HREF="curs_move.3x.html">curs_move(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ mvadd_wch <STRONG><A HREF="curs_add_wch.3x.html">curs_add_wch(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ mvadd_wchnstr <STRONG><A HREF="curs_add_wchstr.3x.html">curs_add_wchstr(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ mvadd_wchstr <STRONG><A HREF="curs_add_wchstr.3x.html">curs_add_wchstr(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ mvaddch <STRONG><A HREF="curs_addch.3x.html">curs_addch(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ mvaddchnstr <STRONG><A HREF="curs_addchstr.3x.html">curs_addchstr(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ mvaddchstr <STRONG><A HREF="curs_addchstr.3x.html">curs_addchstr(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ mvaddnstr <STRONG><A HREF="curs_addstr.3x.html">curs_addstr(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ mvaddnwstr <STRONG><A HREF="curs_addwstr.3x.html">curs_addwstr(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ mvaddstr <STRONG><A HREF="curs_addstr.3x.html">curs_addstr(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ mvaddwstr <STRONG><A HREF="curs_addwstr.3x.html">curs_addwstr(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ mvchgat <STRONG><A HREF="curs_attr.3x.html">curs_attr(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ mvcur <STRONG><A HREF="curs_terminfo.3x.html">curs_terminfo(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ mvdelch <STRONG><A HREF="curs_delch.3x.html">curs_delch(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ mvderwin <STRONG><A HREF="curs_window.3x.html">curs_window(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ mvget_wch <STRONG><A HREF="curs_get_wch.3x.html">curs_get_wch(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ mvget_wstr <STRONG><A HREF="curs_get_wstr.3x.html">curs_get_wstr(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ mvgetch <STRONG><A HREF="curs_getch.3x.html">curs_getch(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ mvgetn_wstr <STRONG><A HREF="curs_get_wstr.3x.html">curs_get_wstr(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ mvgetnstr <STRONG><A HREF="curs_getstr.3x.html">curs_getstr(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ mvgetstr <STRONG><A HREF="curs_getstr.3x.html">curs_getstr(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ mvhline <STRONG><A HREF="curs_border.3x.html">curs_border(3x)</A></STRONG>
+
+ mvhline_set <STRONG><A HREF="curs_border_set.3x.html">curs_border_set(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ mvin_wch <STRONG><A HREF="curs_in_wch.3x.html">curs_in_wch(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ mvin_wchnstr <STRONG><A HREF="curs_in_wchstr.3x.html">curs_in_wchstr(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ mvin_wchstr <STRONG><A HREF="curs_in_wchstr.3x.html">curs_in_wchstr(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ mvinch <STRONG><A HREF="curs_inch.3x.html">curs_inch(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ mvinchnstr <STRONG><A HREF="curs_inchstr.3x.html">curs_inchstr(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ mvinchstr <STRONG><A HREF="curs_inchstr.3x.html">curs_inchstr(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ mvinnstr <STRONG><A HREF="curs_instr.3x.html">curs_instr(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ mvinnwstr <STRONG><A HREF="curs_inwstr.3x.html">curs_inwstr(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ mvins_nwstr <STRONG><A HREF="curs_ins_wstr.3x.html">curs_ins_wstr(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ mvins_wch <STRONG><A HREF="curs_ins_wch.3x.html">curs_ins_wch(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ mvins_wstr <STRONG><A HREF="curs_ins_wstr.3x.html">curs_ins_wstr(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ mvinsch <STRONG><A HREF="curs_insch.3x.html">curs_insch(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ mvinsnstr <STRONG><A HREF="curs_insstr.3x.html">curs_insstr(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ mvinsstr <STRONG><A HREF="curs_insstr.3x.html">curs_insstr(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ mvinstr <STRONG><A HREF="curs_instr.3x.html">curs_instr(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ mvinwstr <STRONG><A HREF="curs_inwstr.3x.html">curs_inwstr(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ mvprintw <STRONG><A HREF="curs_printw.3x.html">curs_printw(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ mvscanw <STRONG><A HREF="curs_scanw.3x.html">curs_scanw(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ mvvline <STRONG><A HREF="curs_border.3x.html">curs_border(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ mvvline_set <STRONG><A HREF="curs_border_set.3x.html">curs_border_set(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ mvwadd_wch <STRONG><A HREF="curs_add_wch.3x.html">curs_add_wch(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ mvwadd_wchnstr <STRONG><A HREF="curs_add_wchstr.3x.html">curs_add_wchstr(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ mvwadd_wchstr <STRONG><A HREF="curs_add_wchstr.3x.html">curs_add_wchstr(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ mvwaddch <STRONG><A HREF="curs_addch.3x.html">curs_addch(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ mvwaddchnstr <STRONG><A HREF="curs_addchstr.3x.html">curs_addchstr(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ mvwaddchstr <STRONG><A HREF="curs_addchstr.3x.html">curs_addchstr(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ mvwaddnstr <STRONG><A HREF="curs_addstr.3x.html">curs_addstr(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ mvwaddnwstr <STRONG><A HREF="curs_addwstr.3x.html">curs_addwstr(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ mvwaddstr <STRONG><A HREF="curs_addstr.3x.html">curs_addstr(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ mvwaddwstr <STRONG><A HREF="curs_addwstr.3x.html">curs_addwstr(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ mvwchgat <STRONG><A HREF="curs_attr.3x.html">curs_attr(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ mvwdelch <STRONG><A HREF="curs_delch.3x.html">curs_delch(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ mvwget_wch <STRONG><A HREF="curs_get_wch.3x.html">curs_get_wch(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ mvwget_wstr <STRONG><A HREF="curs_get_wstr.3x.html">curs_get_wstr(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ mvwgetch <STRONG><A HREF="curs_getch.3x.html">curs_getch(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ mvwgetn_wstr <STRONG><A HREF="curs_get_wstr.3x.html">curs_get_wstr(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ mvwgetnstr <STRONG><A HREF="curs_getstr.3x.html">curs_getstr(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ mvwgetstr <STRONG><A HREF="curs_getstr.3x.html">curs_getstr(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ mvwhline <STRONG><A HREF="curs_border.3x.html">curs_border(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ mvwhline_set <STRONG><A HREF="curs_border_set.3x.html">curs_border_set(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ mvwin <STRONG><A HREF="curs_window.3x.html">curs_window(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ mvwin_wch <STRONG><A HREF="curs_in_wch.3x.html">curs_in_wch(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ mvwin_wchnstr <STRONG><A HREF="curs_in_wchstr.3x.html">curs_in_wchstr(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ mvwin_wchstr <STRONG><A HREF="curs_in_wchstr.3x.html">curs_in_wchstr(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ mvwinch <STRONG><A HREF="curs_inch.3x.html">curs_inch(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ mvwinchnstr <STRONG><A HREF="curs_inchstr.3x.html">curs_inchstr(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ mvwinchstr <STRONG><A HREF="curs_inchstr.3x.html">curs_inchstr(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ mvwinnstr <STRONG><A HREF="curs_instr.3x.html">curs_instr(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ mvwinnwstr <STRONG><A HREF="curs_inwstr.3x.html">curs_inwstr(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ mvwins_nwstr <STRONG><A HREF="curs_ins_wstr.3x.html">curs_ins_wstr(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ mvwins_wch <STRONG><A HREF="curs_ins_wch.3x.html">curs_ins_wch(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ mvwins_wstr <STRONG><A HREF="curs_ins_wstr.3x.html">curs_ins_wstr(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ mvwinsch <STRONG><A HREF="curs_insch.3x.html">curs_insch(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ mvwinsnstr <STRONG><A HREF="curs_insstr.3x.html">curs_insstr(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ mvwinsstr <STRONG><A HREF="curs_insstr.3x.html">curs_insstr(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ mvwinstr <STRONG><A HREF="curs_instr.3x.html">curs_instr(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ mvwinwstr <STRONG><A HREF="curs_inwstr.3x.html">curs_inwstr(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ mvwprintw <STRONG><A HREF="curs_printw.3x.html">curs_printw(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ mvwscanw <STRONG><A HREF="curs_scanw.3x.html">curs_scanw(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ mvwvline <STRONG><A HREF="curs_border.3x.html">curs_border(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ mvwvline_set <STRONG><A HREF="curs_border_set.3x.html">curs_border_set(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ napms <STRONG><A HREF="curs_kernel.3x.html">curs_kernel(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ newpad <STRONG><A HREF="curs_pad.3x.html">curs_pad(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ newterm <STRONG><A HREF="curs_initscr.3x.html">curs_initscr(3x)</A></STRONG>
+
+ newwin <STRONG><A HREF="curs_window.3x.html">curs_window(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ nl <STRONG><A HREF="curs_inopts.3x.html">curs_inopts(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ nocbreak <STRONG><A HREF="curs_inopts.3x.html">curs_inopts(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ nodelay <STRONG><A HREF="curs_inopts.3x.html">curs_inopts(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ noecho <STRONG><A HREF="curs_inopts.3x.html">curs_inopts(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ nofilter <STRONG><A HREF="curs_util.3x.html">curs_util(3x)</A></STRONG>*
+ nonl <STRONG><A HREF="curs_inopts.3x.html">curs_inopts(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ noqiflush <STRONG><A HREF="curs_inopts.3x.html">curs_inopts(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ noraw <STRONG><A HREF="curs_inopts.3x.html">curs_inopts(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ notimeout <STRONG><A HREF="curs_inopts.3x.html">curs_inopts(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ overlay <STRONG><A HREF="curs_overlay.3x.html">curs_overlay(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ overwrite <STRONG><A HREF="curs_overlay.3x.html">curs_overlay(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ pair_content <STRONG><A HREF="curs_color.3x.html">curs_color(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ pecho_wchar <STRONG><A HREF="curs_pad.3x.html">curs_pad(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ pechochar <STRONG><A HREF="curs_pad.3x.html">curs_pad(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ pnoutrefresh <STRONG><A HREF="curs_pad.3x.html">curs_pad(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ prefresh <STRONG><A HREF="curs_pad.3x.html">curs_pad(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ printw <STRONG><A HREF="curs_printw.3x.html">curs_printw(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ putp <STRONG><A HREF="curs_terminfo.3x.html">curs_terminfo(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ putwin <STRONG><A HREF="curs_util.3x.html">curs_util(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ qiflush <STRONG><A HREF="curs_inopts.3x.html">curs_inopts(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ raw <STRONG><A HREF="curs_inopts.3x.html">curs_inopts(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ redrawwin <STRONG><A HREF="curs_refresh.3x.html">curs_refresh(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ refresh <STRONG><A HREF="curs_refresh.3x.html">curs_refresh(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ reset_color_pairs <STRONG><A HREF="curs_color.3x.html">curs_color(3x)</A></STRONG>*
+ reset_prog_mode <STRONG><A HREF="curs_kernel.3x.html">curs_kernel(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ reset_shell_mode <STRONG><A HREF="curs_kernel.3x.html">curs_kernel(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ resetty <STRONG><A HREF="curs_kernel.3x.html">curs_kernel(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ resize_term <STRONG><A HREF="resizeterm.3x.html">resizeterm(3x)</A></STRONG>*
+ resizeterm <STRONG><A HREF="resizeterm.3x.html">resizeterm(3x)</A></STRONG>*
+ restartterm <STRONG><A HREF="curs_terminfo.3x.html">curs_terminfo(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ ripoffline <STRONG><A HREF="curs_kernel.3x.html">curs_kernel(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ savetty <STRONG><A HREF="curs_kernel.3x.html">curs_kernel(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ scanw <STRONG><A HREF="curs_scanw.3x.html">curs_scanw(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ scr_dump <STRONG><A HREF="curs_scr_dump.3x.html">curs_scr_dump(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ scr_init <STRONG><A HREF="curs_scr_dump.3x.html">curs_scr_dump(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ scr_restore <STRONG><A HREF="curs_scr_dump.3x.html">curs_scr_dump(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ scr_set <STRONG><A HREF="curs_scr_dump.3x.html">curs_scr_dump(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ scrl <STRONG><A HREF="curs_scroll.3x.html">curs_scroll(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ scroll <STRONG><A HREF="curs_scroll.3x.html">curs_scroll(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ scrollok <STRONG><A HREF="curs_outopts.3x.html">curs_outopts(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ set_curterm <STRONG><A HREF="curs_terminfo.3x.html">curs_terminfo(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ set_escdelay <STRONG><A HREF="curs_threads.3x.html">curs_threads(3x)</A></STRONG>*
+ set_tabsize <STRONG><A HREF="curs_threads.3x.html">curs_threads(3x)</A></STRONG>*
+ set_term <STRONG><A HREF="curs_initscr.3x.html">curs_initscr(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ setcchar <STRONG><A HREF="curs_getcchar.3x.html">curs_getcchar(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ setscrreg <STRONG><A HREF="curs_outopts.3x.html">curs_outopts(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ setsyx <STRONG><A HREF="curs_kernel.3x.html">curs_kernel(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ setupterm <STRONG><A HREF="curs_terminfo.3x.html">curs_terminfo(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ slk_attr <STRONG><A HREF="curs_slk.3x.html">curs_slk(3x)</A></STRONG>*
+ slk_attr_off <STRONG><A HREF="curs_slk.3x.html">curs_slk(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ slk_attr_on <STRONG><A HREF="curs_slk.3x.html">curs_slk(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ slk_attr_set <STRONG><A HREF="curs_slk.3x.html">curs_slk(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ slk_attroff <STRONG><A HREF="curs_slk.3x.html">curs_slk(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ slk_attron <STRONG><A HREF="curs_slk.3x.html">curs_slk(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ slk_attrset <STRONG><A HREF="curs_slk.3x.html">curs_slk(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ slk_clear <STRONG><A HREF="curs_slk.3x.html">curs_slk(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ slk_color <STRONG><A HREF="curs_slk.3x.html">curs_slk(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ slk_init <STRONG><A HREF="curs_slk.3x.html">curs_slk(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ slk_label <STRONG><A HREF="curs_slk.3x.html">curs_slk(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ slk_noutrefresh <STRONG><A HREF="curs_slk.3x.html">curs_slk(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ slk_refresh <STRONG><A HREF="curs_slk.3x.html">curs_slk(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ slk_restore <STRONG><A HREF="curs_slk.3x.html">curs_slk(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ slk_set <STRONG><A HREF="curs_slk.3x.html">curs_slk(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ slk_touch <STRONG><A HREF="curs_slk.3x.html">curs_slk(3x)</A></STRONG>
+
+ slk_wset <STRONG><A HREF="curs_slk.3x.html">curs_slk(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ standend <STRONG><A HREF="curs_attr.3x.html">curs_attr(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ standout <STRONG><A HREF="curs_attr.3x.html">curs_attr(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ start_color <STRONG><A HREF="curs_color.3x.html">curs_color(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ subpad <STRONG><A HREF="curs_pad.3x.html">curs_pad(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ subwin <STRONG><A HREF="curs_window.3x.html">curs_window(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ syncok <STRONG><A HREF="curs_window.3x.html">curs_window(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ term_attrs <STRONG><A HREF="curs_termattrs.3x.html">curs_termattrs(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ termattrs <STRONG><A HREF="curs_termattrs.3x.html">curs_termattrs(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ termname <STRONG><A HREF="curs_termattrs.3x.html">curs_termattrs(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ tgetent <STRONG><A HREF="curs_termcap.3x.html">curs_termcap(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ tgetflag <STRONG><A HREF="curs_termcap.3x.html">curs_termcap(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ tgetnum <STRONG><A HREF="curs_termcap.3x.html">curs_termcap(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ tgetstr <STRONG><A HREF="curs_termcap.3x.html">curs_termcap(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ tgoto <STRONG><A HREF="curs_termcap.3x.html">curs_termcap(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ tigetflag <STRONG><A HREF="curs_terminfo.3x.html">curs_terminfo(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ tigetnum <STRONG><A HREF="curs_terminfo.3x.html">curs_terminfo(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ tigetstr <STRONG><A HREF="curs_terminfo.3x.html">curs_terminfo(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ timeout <STRONG><A HREF="curs_inopts.3x.html">curs_inopts(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ tiparm <STRONG><A HREF="curs_terminfo.3x.html">curs_terminfo(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ tiparm_s <STRONG><A HREF="curs_terminfo.3x.html">curs_terminfo(3x)</A></STRONG>*
+ tiscan_s <STRONG><A HREF="curs_terminfo.3x.html">curs_terminfo(3x)</A></STRONG>*
+ touchline <STRONG><A HREF="curs_touch.3x.html">curs_touch(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ touchwin <STRONG><A HREF="curs_touch.3x.html">curs_touch(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ tparm <STRONG><A HREF="curs_terminfo.3x.html">curs_terminfo(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ tputs <STRONG><A HREF="curs_termcap.3x.html">curs_termcap(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ tputs <STRONG><A HREF="curs_terminfo.3x.html">curs_terminfo(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ trace <STRONG><A HREF="curs_trace.3x.html">curs_trace(3x)</A></STRONG>*
+ typeahead <STRONG><A HREF="curs_inopts.3x.html">curs_inopts(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ unctrl <STRONG><A HREF="curs_util.3x.html">curs_util(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ unget_wch <STRONG><A HREF="curs_get_wch.3x.html">curs_get_wch(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ ungetch <STRONG><A HREF="curs_getch.3x.html">curs_getch(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ ungetmouse <STRONG><A HREF="curs_mouse.3x.html">curs_mouse(3x)</A></STRONG>*
+ untouchwin <STRONG><A HREF="curs_touch.3x.html">curs_touch(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ use_default_colors <STRONG><A HREF="default_colors.3x.html">default_colors(3x)</A></STRONG>*
+ use_env <STRONG><A HREF="curs_util.3x.html">curs_util(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ use_extended_names <STRONG><A HREF="curs_extend.3x.html">curs_extend(3x)</A></STRONG>*
+ use_legacy_coding <STRONG><A HREF="legacy_coding.3x.html">legacy_coding(3x)</A></STRONG>*
+ use_screen <STRONG><A HREF="curs_threads.3x.html">curs_threads(3x)</A></STRONG>*
+ use_tioctl <STRONG><A HREF="curs_util.3x.html">curs_util(3x)</A></STRONG>*
+ use_window <STRONG><A HREF="curs_threads.3x.html">curs_threads(3x)</A></STRONG>*
+ vid_attr <STRONG><A HREF="curs_terminfo.3x.html">curs_terminfo(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ vid_puts <STRONG><A HREF="curs_terminfo.3x.html">curs_terminfo(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ vidattr <STRONG><A HREF="curs_terminfo.3x.html">curs_terminfo(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ vidputs <STRONG><A HREF="curs_terminfo.3x.html">curs_terminfo(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ vline <STRONG><A HREF="curs_border.3x.html">curs_border(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ vline_set <STRONG><A HREF="curs_border_set.3x.html">curs_border_set(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ vw_printw <STRONG><A HREF="curs_printw.3x.html">curs_printw(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ vw_scanw <STRONG><A HREF="curs_scanw.3x.html">curs_scanw(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ vwprintw <STRONG><A HREF="curs_printw.3x.html">curs_printw(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ vwscanw <STRONG><A HREF="curs_scanw.3x.html">curs_scanw(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ wadd_wch <STRONG><A HREF="curs_add_wch.3x.html">curs_add_wch(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ wadd_wchnstr <STRONG><A HREF="curs_add_wchstr.3x.html">curs_add_wchstr(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ wadd_wchstr <STRONG><A HREF="curs_add_wchstr.3x.html">curs_add_wchstr(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ waddch <STRONG><A HREF="curs_addch.3x.html">curs_addch(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ waddchnstr <STRONG><A HREF="curs_addchstr.3x.html">curs_addchstr(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ waddchstr <STRONG><A HREF="curs_addchstr.3x.html">curs_addchstr(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ waddnstr <STRONG><A HREF="curs_addstr.3x.html">curs_addstr(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ waddnwstr <STRONG><A HREF="curs_addwstr.3x.html">curs_addwstr(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ waddstr <STRONG><A HREF="curs_addstr.3x.html">curs_addstr(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ waddwstr <STRONG><A HREF="curs_addwstr.3x.html">curs_addwstr(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ wattr_get <STRONG><A HREF="curs_attr.3x.html">curs_attr(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ wattr_off <STRONG><A HREF="curs_attr.3x.html">curs_attr(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ wattr_on <STRONG><A HREF="curs_attr.3x.html">curs_attr(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ wattr_set <STRONG><A HREF="curs_attr.3x.html">curs_attr(3x)</A></STRONG>
+
+ wattroff <STRONG><A HREF="curs_attr.3x.html">curs_attr(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ wattron <STRONG><A HREF="curs_attr.3x.html">curs_attr(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ wattrset <STRONG><A HREF="curs_attr.3x.html">curs_attr(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ wbkgd <STRONG><A HREF="curs_bkgd.3x.html">curs_bkgd(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ wbkgdset <STRONG><A HREF="curs_bkgd.3x.html">curs_bkgd(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ wbkgrnd <STRONG><A HREF="curs_bkgrnd.3x.html">curs_bkgrnd(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ wbkgrndset <STRONG><A HREF="curs_bkgrnd.3x.html">curs_bkgrnd(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ wborder <STRONG><A HREF="curs_border.3x.html">curs_border(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ wborder_set <STRONG><A HREF="curs_border_set.3x.html">curs_border_set(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ wchgat <STRONG><A HREF="curs_attr.3x.html">curs_attr(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ wclear <STRONG><A HREF="curs_clear.3x.html">curs_clear(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ wclrtobot <STRONG><A HREF="curs_clear.3x.html">curs_clear(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ wclrtoeol <STRONG><A HREF="curs_clear.3x.html">curs_clear(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ wcolor_set <STRONG><A HREF="curs_attr.3x.html">curs_attr(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ wcursyncup <STRONG><A HREF="curs_window.3x.html">curs_window(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ wdelch <STRONG><A HREF="curs_delch.3x.html">curs_delch(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ wdeleteln <STRONG><A HREF="curs_deleteln.3x.html">curs_deleteln(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ wecho_wchar <STRONG><A HREF="curs_add_wch.3x.html">curs_add_wch(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ wechochar <STRONG><A HREF="curs_addch.3x.html">curs_addch(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ wenclose <STRONG><A HREF="curs_mouse.3x.html">curs_mouse(3x)</A></STRONG>*
+ werase <STRONG><A HREF="curs_clear.3x.html">curs_clear(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ wget_wch <STRONG><A HREF="curs_get_wch.3x.html">curs_get_wch(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ wget_wstr <STRONG><A HREF="curs_get_wstr.3x.html">curs_get_wstr(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ wgetbkgrnd <STRONG><A HREF="curs_bkgrnd.3x.html">curs_bkgrnd(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ wgetch <STRONG><A HREF="curs_getch.3x.html">curs_getch(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ wgetdelay <STRONG><A HREF="curs_opaque.3x.html">curs_opaque(3x)</A></STRONG>*
+ wgetn_wstr <STRONG><A HREF="curs_get_wstr.3x.html">curs_get_wstr(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ wgetnstr <STRONG><A HREF="curs_getstr.3x.html">curs_getstr(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ wgetparent <STRONG><A HREF="curs_opaque.3x.html">curs_opaque(3x)</A></STRONG>*
+ wgetscrreg <STRONG><A HREF="curs_opaque.3x.html">curs_opaque(3x)</A></STRONG>*
+ wgetstr <STRONG><A HREF="curs_getstr.3x.html">curs_getstr(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ whline <STRONG><A HREF="curs_border.3x.html">curs_border(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ whline_set <STRONG><A HREF="curs_border_set.3x.html">curs_border_set(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ win_wch <STRONG><A HREF="curs_in_wch.3x.html">curs_in_wch(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ win_wchnstr <STRONG><A HREF="curs_in_wchstr.3x.html">curs_in_wchstr(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ win_wchstr <STRONG><A HREF="curs_in_wchstr.3x.html">curs_in_wchstr(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ winch <STRONG><A HREF="curs_inch.3x.html">curs_inch(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ winchnstr <STRONG><A HREF="curs_inchstr.3x.html">curs_inchstr(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ winchstr <STRONG><A HREF="curs_inchstr.3x.html">curs_inchstr(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ winnstr <STRONG><A HREF="curs_instr.3x.html">curs_instr(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ winnwstr <STRONG><A HREF="curs_inwstr.3x.html">curs_inwstr(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ wins_nwstr <STRONG><A HREF="curs_ins_wstr.3x.html">curs_ins_wstr(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ wins_wch <STRONG><A HREF="curs_ins_wch.3x.html">curs_ins_wch(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ wins_wstr <STRONG><A HREF="curs_ins_wstr.3x.html">curs_ins_wstr(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ winsch <STRONG><A HREF="curs_insch.3x.html">curs_insch(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ winsdelln <STRONG><A HREF="curs_deleteln.3x.html">curs_deleteln(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ winsertln <STRONG><A HREF="curs_deleteln.3x.html">curs_deleteln(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ winsnstr <STRONG><A HREF="curs_insstr.3x.html">curs_insstr(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ winsstr <STRONG><A HREF="curs_insstr.3x.html">curs_insstr(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ winstr <STRONG><A HREF="curs_instr.3x.html">curs_instr(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ winwstr <STRONG><A HREF="curs_inwstr.3x.html">curs_inwstr(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ wmouse_trafo <STRONG><A HREF="curs_mouse.3x.html">curs_mouse(3x)</A></STRONG>*
+ wmove <STRONG><A HREF="curs_move.3x.html">curs_move(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ wnoutrefresh <STRONG><A HREF="curs_refresh.3x.html">curs_refresh(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ wprintw <STRONG><A HREF="curs_printw.3x.html">curs_printw(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ wredrawln <STRONG><A HREF="curs_refresh.3x.html">curs_refresh(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ wrefresh <STRONG><A HREF="curs_refresh.3x.html">curs_refresh(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ wresize <STRONG><A HREF="wresize.3x.html">wresize(3x)</A></STRONG>*
+ wscanw <STRONG><A HREF="curs_scanw.3x.html">curs_scanw(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ wscrl <STRONG><A HREF="curs_scroll.3x.html">curs_scroll(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ wsetscrreg <STRONG><A HREF="curs_outopts.3x.html">curs_outopts(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ wstandend <STRONG><A HREF="curs_attr.3x.html">curs_attr(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ wstandout <STRONG><A HREF="curs_attr.3x.html">curs_attr(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ wsyncdown <STRONG><A HREF="curs_window.3x.html">curs_window(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ wsyncup <STRONG><A HREF="curs_window.3x.html">curs_window(3x)</A></STRONG>
+
+ wtimeout <STRONG><A HREF="curs_inopts.3x.html">curs_inopts(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ wtouchln <STRONG><A HREF="curs_touch.3x.html">curs_touch(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ wunctrl <STRONG><A HREF="curs_util.3x.html">curs_util(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ wvline <STRONG><A HREF="curs_border.3x.html">curs_border(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ wvline_set <STRONG><A HREF="curs_border_set.3x.html">curs_border_set(3x)</A></STRONG>
+
+ <EM>ncurses</EM>'s <EM>screen-pointer</EM> <EM>extension</EM> adds additional functions
+ corresponding to many of the above, each with an "_sp" suffix; see
+ <STRONG><A HREF="curs_sp_funcs.3x.html">curs_sp_funcs(3x)</A></STRONG>.
+
+ The availability of some extensions is configurable when <EM>ncurses</EM> is
+ compiled; see sections "ALTERNATE CONFIGURATIONS" and "EXTENSIONS"
+ below.
</PRE><H2><a name="h2-RETURN-VALUE">RETURN VALUE</a></H2><PRE>
- Routines that return an integer return <STRONG>ERR</STRONG> upon failure
- and an integer value other than <STRONG>ERR</STRONG> upon successful com-
- pletion, unless otherwise noted in the routine descrip-
- tions.
-
- As a general rule, routines check for null pointers passed
- as parameters, and handle this as an error.
-
- All macros return the value of the <STRONG>w</STRONG> version, except
- <STRONG>setscrreg</STRONG>, <STRONG>wsetscrreg</STRONG>, <STRONG>getyx</STRONG>, <STRONG>getbegyx</STRONG>, and <STRONG>getmaxyx</STRONG>. The
- return values of <STRONG>setscrreg</STRONG>, <STRONG>wsetscrreg</STRONG>, <STRONG>getyx</STRONG>, <STRONG>getbegyx</STRONG>,
- and <STRONG>getmaxyx</STRONG> are undefined (i.e., these should not be used
- as the right-hand side of assignment statements).
-
- Routines that return pointers return <STRONG>NULL</STRONG> on error.
+ Unless otherwise noted, functions that return an integer return <STRONG>OK</STRONG> on
+ success and <STRONG>ERR</STRONG> on failure. Functions that return pointers return <STRONG>NULL</STRONG>
+ on failure. Typically, <EM>ncurses</EM> treats a null pointer passed as a
+ function parameter as a failure. Functions with a "mv" prefix first
+ perform cursor movement using <STRONG><A HREF="curs_move.3x.html">wmove(3x)</A></STRONG> and fail if the position is
+ outside the window.
</PRE><H2><a name="h2-ENVIRONMENT">ENVIRONMENT</a></H2><PRE>
- The following environment symbols are useful for customiz-
- ing the runtime behavior of the <STRONG>ncurses</STRONG> library. The most
- important ones have been already discussed in detail.
-
- <STRONG>CC</STRONG>
- When set, change occurrences of the command_character
- (i.e., the <STRONG>cmdch</STRONG> capability) of the loaded terminfo
- entries to the value of this variable. Very few terminfo
- entries provide this feature.
-
- Because this name is also used in development environments
- to represent the C compiler's name, <STRONG>ncurses</STRONG> ignores it if
- it does not happen to be a single character.
-
-
-</PRE><H3><a name="h3-BAUDRATE">BAUDRATE</a></H3><PRE>
- The debugging library checks this environment variable
- when the application has redirected output to a file. The
- variable's numeric value is used for the baudrate. If no
- value is found, <STRONG>ncurses</STRONG> uses 9600. This allows testers to
- construct repeatable test-cases that take into account
- costs that depend on baudrate.
-
-
-</PRE><H3><a name="h3-COLUMNS">COLUMNS</a></H3><PRE>
- Specify the width of the screen in characters. Applica-
- tions running in a windowing environment usually are able
- to obtain the width of the window in which they are exe-
- cuting. If neither the <STRONG>COLUMNS</STRONG> value nor the terminal's
- screen size is available, <STRONG>ncurses</STRONG> uses the size which may
- be specified in the terminfo database (i.e., the <STRONG>cols</STRONG>
- capability).
-
- It is important that your application use a correct size
- for the screen. This is not always possible because your
- application may be running on a host which does not honor
- NAWS (Negotiations About Window Size), or because you are
- temporarily running as another user. However, setting
- <STRONG>COLUMNS</STRONG> and/or <STRONG>LINES</STRONG> overrides the library's use of the
- screen size obtained from the operating system.
-
- Either <STRONG>COLUMNS</STRONG> or <STRONG>LINES</STRONG> symbols may be specified indepen-
- dently. This is mainly useful to circumvent legacy mis-
- features of terminal descriptions, e.g., xterm which com-
- monly specifies a 65 line screen. For best results, <STRONG>lines</STRONG>
- and <STRONG>cols</STRONG> should not be specified in a terminal description
- for terminals which are run as emulations.
-
- Use the <STRONG>use_env</STRONG> function to disable all use of external
- environment (but not including system calls) to determine
- the screen size. Use the <STRONG>use_tioctl</STRONG> function to update
- <STRONG>COLUMNS</STRONG> or <STRONG>LINES</STRONG> to match the screen size obtained from
- system calls or the terminal database.
-
-
-</PRE><H3><a name="h3-ESCDELAY">ESCDELAY</a></H3><PRE>
- Specifies the total time, in milliseconds, for which
- ncurses will await a character sequence, e.g., a function
- key. The default value, 1000 milliseconds, is enough for
- most uses. However, it is made a variable to accommodate
- unusual applications.
-
- The most common instance where you may wish to change this
- value is to work with slow hosts, e.g., running on a net-
- work. If the host cannot read characters rapidly enough,
- it will have the same effect as if the terminal did not
- send characters rapidly enough. The library will still
- see a timeout.
-
- Note that xterm mouse events are built up from character
- sequences received from the xterm. If your application
- makes heavy use of multiple-clicking, you may wish to
- lengthen this default value because the timeout applies to
- the composed multi-click event as well as the individual
- clicks.
-
- In addition to the environment variable, this implementa-
- tion provides a global variable with the same name. Por-
- table applications should not rely upon the presence of
- ESCDELAY in either form, but setting the environment vari-
- able rather than the global variable does not create prob-
- lems when compiling an application.
-
-
-</PRE><H3><a name="h3-HOME">HOME</a></H3><PRE>
- Tells <STRONG>ncurses</STRONG> where your home directory is. That is where
- it may read and write auxiliary terminal descriptions:
-
- $HOME/.termcap
- $HOME/.terminfo
-
-
-</PRE><H3><a name="h3-LINES">LINES</a></H3><PRE>
- Like COLUMNS, specify the height of the screen in charac-
- ters. See COLUMNS for a detailed description.
-
-
-</PRE><H3><a name="h3-MOUSE_BUTTONS_123">MOUSE_BUTTONS_123</a></H3><PRE>
- This applies only to the OS/2 EMX port. It specifies the
- order of buttons on the mouse. OS/2 numbers a 3-button
- mouse inconsistently from other platforms:
-
- 1 = left
- 2 = right
- 3 = middle.
-
- This variable lets you customize the mouse. The variable
- must be three numeric digits 1-3 in any order, e.g., 123
- or 321. If it is not specified, <STRONG>ncurses</STRONG> uses 132.
-
-
-</PRE><H3><a name="h3-NCURSES_ASSUMED_COLORS">NCURSES_ASSUMED_COLORS</a></H3><PRE>
- Override the compiled-in assumption that the terminal's
- default colors are white-on-black (see <STRONG>default_col-</STRONG>
- <STRONG><A HREF="default_colors.3x.html">ors(3x)</A></STRONG>). You may set the foreground and background color
- values with this environment variable by proving a 2-ele-
- ment list: foreground,background. For example, to tell
- ncurses to not assume anything about the colors, set this
- to "-1,-1". To make it green-on-black, set it to "2,0".
- Any positive value from zero to the terminfo <STRONG>max_colors</STRONG>
- value is allowed.
-
-
-</PRE><H3><a name="h3-NCURSES_CONSOLE2">NCURSES_CONSOLE2</a></H3><PRE>
- This applies only to the MinGW port of ncurses.
-
- The <STRONG>Console2</STRONG> program's handling of the Microsoft Console
- API call <STRONG>CreateConsoleScreenBuffer</STRONG> is defective. Applica-
- tions which use this will hang. However, it is possible
- to simulate the action of this call by mapping coordi-
- nates, explicitly saving and restoring the original screen
- contents. Setting the environment variable <STRONG>NCGDB</STRONG> has the
- same effect.
-
-
-</PRE><H3><a name="h3-NCURSES_GPM_TERMS">NCURSES_GPM_TERMS</a></H3><PRE>
- This applies only to ncurses configured to use the GPM
- interface.
-
- If present, the environment variable is a list of one or
- more terminal names against which the TERM environment
- variable is matched. Setting it to an empty value dis-
- ables the GPM interface; using the built-in support for
- xterm, etc.
-
- If the environment variable is absent, ncurses will
- attempt to open GPM if TERM contains "linux".
-
-
-</PRE><H3><a name="h3-NCURSES_NO_HARD_TABS">NCURSES_NO_HARD_TABS</a></H3><PRE>
- <STRONG>Ncurses</STRONG> may use tabs as part of the cursor movement opti-
- mization. In some cases, your terminal driver may not
- handle these properly. Set this environment variable to
- disable the feature. You can also adjust your <STRONG>stty</STRONG> set-
- tings to avoid the problem. NCURSES_NO_MAGIC_COOKIE Some
- terminals use a magic-cookie feature which requires spe-
- cial handling to make highlighting and other video
- attributes display properly. You can suppress the high-
- lighting entirely for these terminals by setting this
- environment variable.
-
-
-</PRE><H3><a name="h3-NCURSES_NO_PADDING">NCURSES_NO_PADDING</a></H3><PRE>
- Most of the terminal descriptions in the terminfo database
- are written for real "hardware" terminals. Many people
- use terminal emulators which run in a windowing environ-
- ment and use curses-based applications. Terminal emula-
- tors can duplicate all of the important aspects of a hard-
- ware terminal, but they do not have the same limitations.
- The chief limitation of a hardware terminal from the
- standpoint of your application is the management of
- dataflow, i.e., timing. Unless a hardware terminal is
- interfaced into a terminal concentrator (which does flow
- control), it (or your application) must manage dataflow,
- preventing overruns. The cheapest solution (no hardware
- cost) is for your program to do this by pausing after
- operations that the terminal does slowly, such as clearing
- the display.
-
- As a result, many terminal descriptions (including the
- vt100) have delay times embedded. You may wish to use
- these descriptions, but not want to pay the performance
- penalty.
-
- Set the NCURSES_NO_PADDING environment variable to disable
- all but mandatory padding. Mandatory padding is used as a
- part of special control sequences such as <EM>flash</EM>.
-
-
-</PRE><H3><a name="h3-NCURSES_NO_SETBUF">NCURSES_NO_SETBUF</a></H3><PRE>
- This setting is obsolete. Before changes
-
- <STRONG>o</STRONG> started with 5.9 patch 20120825 and
-
- <STRONG>o</STRONG> continued though 5.9 patch 20130126
-
- <STRONG>ncurses</STRONG> enabled buffered output during terminal initial-
- ization. This was done (as in SVr4 curses) for perfor-
- mance reasons. For testing purposes, both of <STRONG>ncurses</STRONG> and
- certain applications, this feature was made optional.
- Setting the NCURSES_NO_SETBUF variable disabled output
- buffering, leaving the output in the original (usually
- line buffered) mode.
-
- In the current implementation, ncurses performs its own
- buffering and does not require this workaround. It does
- not modify the buffering of the standard output.
-
- The reason for the change was to make the behavior for
- interrupts and other signals more robust. One drawback is
- that certain nonconventional programs would mix ordinary
- stdio calls with ncurses calls and (usually) work. This
- is no longer possible since ncurses is not using the
- buffered standard output but its own output (to the same
- file descriptor). As a special case, the low-level calls
- such as <STRONG>putp</STRONG> still use the standard output. But high-
- level curses calls do not.
-
-
-</PRE><H3><a name="h3-NCURSES_NO_UTF8_ACS">NCURSES_NO_UTF8_ACS</a></H3><PRE>
- During initialization, the <STRONG>ncurses</STRONG> library checks for spe-
- cial cases where VT100 line-drawing (and the corresponding
- alternate character set capabilities) described in the
- terminfo are known to be missing. Specifically, when run-
- ning in a UTF-8 locale, the Linux console emulator and the
- GNU screen program ignore these. Ncurses checks the TERM
- environment variable for these. For other special cases,
- you should set this environment variable. Doing this
- tells ncurses to use Unicode values which correspond to
- the VT100 line-drawing glyphs. That works for the special
- cases cited, and is likely to work for terminal emulators.
-
- When setting this variable, you should set it to a nonzero
- value. Setting it to zero (or to a nonnumber) disables
- the special check for "linux" and "screen".
-
- As an alternative to the environment variable, ncurses
- checks for an extended terminfo capability <STRONG>U8</STRONG>. This is a
- numeric capability which can be compiled using <STRONG>tic</STRONG> <STRONG>-x</STRONG>.
- For example
+ The following symbols from the process environment customize the
+ runtime behavior of <EM>ncurses</EM> applications. The library may be
+ configured to disregard the variables <EM>TERMINFO</EM>, <EM>TERMINFO</EM><STRONG>_</STRONG><EM>DIRS</EM>,
+ <EM>TERMPATH</EM>, and <EM>HOME</EM>, if the user is the superuser (root), or the
+ application uses <STRONG>setuid(2)</STRONG> or <STRONG>setgid(2)</STRONG>.
+
+
+</PRE><H3><a name="h3-BAUDRATE"><EM>BAUDRATE</EM></a></H3><PRE>
+ The debugging library checks this variable when the application has
+ redirected output to a file. Its integral value is used for the baud
+ rate. If that value is absent or invalid, <EM>ncurses</EM> uses 9600. This
+ feature allows testers to construct repeatable test cases that take
+ into account optimization decisions that depend on baud rate.
+
+
+</PRE><H3><a name="h3-CC-_command-character_"><EM>CC</EM> (command character)</a></H3><PRE>
+ When set, the <STRONG>command_character</STRONG> (<STRONG>cmdch</STRONG>) capability value of loaded
+ <EM>terminfo</EM> entries changes to the value of this variable. Very few <EM>term-</EM>
+ <EM>info</EM> entries provide this feature.
+
+ Because this name is also used in development environments to represent
+ the C compiler's name, <EM>ncurses</EM> ignores its value if it is not one
+ character in length.
+
+
+</PRE><H3><a name="h3-COLUMNS"><EM>COLUMNS</EM></a></H3><PRE>
+ This variable specifies the width of the screen in characters.
+ Applications running in a windowing environment usually are able to
+ obtain the width of the window in which they are executing. If <EM>COLUMNS</EM>
+ is not defined and the terminal's screen size is not available from the
+ terminal driver, <EM>ncurses</EM> uses the size specified by the <STRONG>columns</STRONG> (<STRONG>cols</STRONG>)
+ capability of the terminal type's entry in the <EM>terminfo</EM> database, if
+ any.
+
+ It is important that your application use the correct screen size.
+ Automatic detection thereof is not always possible because an
+ application may be running on a host that does not honor NAWS
+ (Negotiations About Window Size) or as a different user ID than the
+ owner of the terminal device file. Setting <EM>COLUMNS</EM> and/or <EM>LINES</EM>
+ overrides the library's use of the screen size obtained from the
+ operating system.
+
+ The <EM>COLUMNS</EM> and <EM>LINES</EM> variables may be specified independently. This
+ property is useful to circumvent misfeatures of legacy terminal type
+ descriptions; <STRONG>xterm(1)</STRONG> descriptions specifying 65 lines were once
+ notorious. For best results, avoid specifying <STRONG>cols</STRONG> and <STRONG>lines</STRONG>
+ capability codes in <EM>terminfo</EM> descriptions of terminal emulators.
+
+ <STRONG><A HREF="curs_util.3x.html">use_env(3x)</A></STRONG> can disable use of the process environment in determining
+ the screen size. <STRONG><A HREF="curs_util.3x.html">use_tioctl(3x)</A></STRONG> can update <EM>COLUMNS</EM> and <EM>LINES</EM> to match
+ the screen size obtained from system calls or the terminal database.
+
+
+</PRE><H3><a name="h3-ESCDELAY"><EM>ESCDELAY</EM></a></H3><PRE>
+ For <EM>curses</EM> to distinguish the ESC character resulting from a user's
+ press of the "Escape" key on the input device from one beginning an
+ <EM>escape</EM> <EM>sequence</EM> (as commonly produced by function keys), it waits after
+ receiving the escape character to see if further characters are
+ available on the input stream within a short interval. A global
+ variable <STRONG>ESCDELAY</STRONG> stores this interval in milliseconds. The default
+ value of 1000 (one second) is adequate for most uses. This environment
+ variable overrides it.
+
+ The most common instance where you may wish to change this value is to
+ work with a remote host over a slow communication channel. If the host
+ running a <EM>curses</EM> application does not receive the characters of an
+ escape sequence in a timely manner, the library can interpret them as
+ multiple key stroke events.
+
+ <STRONG>xterm(1)</STRONG> mouse events are a form of escape sequence; therefore, if your
+ application makes heavy use of multiple-clicking, you may wish to
+ lengthen the default value because the delay applies to the composite
+ multi-click event as well as the individual clicks.
+
+ Portable applications should not rely upon the presence of <STRONG>ESCDELAY</STRONG> in
+ either form, but setting the environment variable rather than the
+ global variable does not create problems when compiling an application.
+
+ If <STRONG><A HREF="curs_inopts.3x.html">keypad(3x)</A></STRONG> is disabled for the <EM>curses</EM> window receiving input, a
+ program must disambiguate escape sequences itself.
+
+
+</PRE><H3><a name="h3-HOME"><EM>HOME</EM></a></H3><PRE>
+ <EM>ncurses</EM> may read and write auxiliary terminal descriptions in <EM>.termcap</EM>
+ and <EM>.terminfo</EM> files in the user's home directory.
+
+
+</PRE><H3><a name="h3-LINES"><EM>LINES</EM></a></H3><PRE>
+ This counterpart to <EM>COLUMNS</EM> specifies the height of the screen in
+ characters. The corresponding <EM>terminfo</EM> capability and code is <STRONG>lines</STRONG>.
+ See the description of the <EM>COLUMNS</EM> variable above.
+
+
+</PRE><H3><a name="h3-MOUSE_BUTTONS_123"><EM>MOUSE_BUTTONS_123</EM></a></H3><PRE>
+ (OS/2 EMX port only) OS/2 numbers a three-button mouse inconsistently
+ with other platforms, such that 1 is the left button, 2 the right, and
+ 3 the middle. This variable customizes the mouse button numbering.
+ Its value must be three digits 1-3 in any order. By default, <EM>ncurses</EM>
+ assumes a numbering of "132".
+
+
+</PRE><H3><a name="h3-NCURSES_ASSUMED_COLORS"><EM>NCURSES_ASSUMED_COLORS</EM></a></H3><PRE>
+ If set, this variable overrides the <EM>ncurses</EM> library's compiled-in
+ assumption that the terminal's default colors are white on black; see
+ <STRONG><A HREF="default_colors.3x.html">default_colors(3x)</A></STRONG>. Set the foreground and background color values
+ with this environment variable by assigning it two integer values
+ separated by a comma, indicating foregound and background color
+ numbers, respectively.
+
+ For example, to tell <EM>ncurses</EM> not to assume anything about the colors,
+ use a value of "-1,-1". To make the default color scheme green on
+ black, use "2,0". <EM>ncurses</EM> accepts integral values from -1 up to the
+ value of the <EM>terminfo</EM> <STRONG>max_colors</STRONG> (<STRONG>colors</STRONG>) capability.
+
+
+</PRE><H3><a name="h3-NCURSES_CONSOLE2"><EM>NCURSES_CONSOLE2</EM></a></H3><PRE>
+ (MinGW port only) The <EM>Console2</EM> program defectively handles the
+ Microsoft Console API call <EM>CreateConsoleScreenBuffer</EM>. Applications
+ that use it will hang. However, it is possible to simulate the action
+ of this call by mapping coordinates, explicitly saving and restoring
+ the original screen contents. Setting the environment variable <EM>NCGDB</EM>
+ has the same effect.
+
+
+</PRE><H3><a name="h3-NCURSES_GPM_TERMS"><EM>NCURSES_GPM_TERMS</EM></a></H3><PRE>
+ (Linux only) When <EM>ncurses</EM> is configured to use the GPM interface, this
+ variable may list one or more terminal names against which the <EM>TERM</EM>
+ variable (see below) is matched. An empty value disables the GPM
+ interface, using <EM>ncurses</EM>'s built-in support for <STRONG>xterm(1)</STRONG> mouse
+ protocols instead. If the variable is absent, <EM>ncurses</EM> attempts to open
+ GPM if <EM>TERM</EM> contains "linux".
+
+
+</PRE><H3><a name="h3-NCURSES_NO_HARD_TABS"><EM>NCURSES_NO_HARD_TABS</EM></a></H3><PRE>
+ <EM>ncurses</EM> may use tab characters in cursor movement optimization. In
+ some cases, your terminal driver may not handle them properly. Set
+ this environment variable to any value to disable the feature. You can
+ also adjust your <STRONG>stty(1)</STRONG> settings to avoid the problem.
+
+
+</PRE><H3><a name="h3-NCURSES_NO_MAGIC_COOKIE"><EM>NCURSES_NO_MAGIC_COOKIE</EM></a></H3><PRE>
+ Many terminals store video attributes as a property of a character
+ cell, as <EM>curses</EM> does. Historically, some recorded changes in video
+ attributes as data that logically <EM>occupies</EM> character cells on the
+ display, switching attributes on or off, similarly to tags in a markup
+ language; these are termed "magic cookies", and must be subsequently
+ overprinted. If the <EM>terminfo</EM> entry for your terminal type does not
+ adequately describe its handling of magic cookies, set this variable to
+ any value to instruct <EM>ncurses</EM> to disable attributes entirely.
+
+
+</PRE><H3><a name="h3-NCURSES_NO_PADDING"><EM>NCURSES_NO_PADDING</EM></a></H3><PRE>
+ Most terminal type descriptions in the <EM>terminfo</EM> database detail
+ hardware devices. Many people use <EM>curses</EM>-based applications in
+ terminal emulator programs that run in a windowing environment. These
+ programs can duplicate all of the important features of a hardware
+ terminal, but often lack their limitations. Chief among these absent
+ drawbacks is the problem of data flow management; that is, limiting the
+ speed of communication to what the hardware could handle. Unless a
+ hardware terminal is interfaced into a terminal concentrator (which
+ does flow control), an application must manage flow control itself to
+ prevent overruns and data loss.
+
+ A solution that comes at no hardware cost is for an application to
+ pause after directing a terminal to execute an operation that it
+ performs slowly, such as clearing the display. Many terminal type
+ descriptions, including that for the VT100, embed delay specifications
+ in capabilities. You may wish to use these temrinal descriptions
+ without paying the performance penalty. Set <EM>NCURSES</EM><STRONG>_</STRONG><EM>NO</EM><STRONG>_</STRONG><EM>PADDING</EM> to any
+ value to disable all but mandatory padding. Mandatory padding is used
+ by such terminal capabilities as <STRONG>flash_screen</STRONG> (<STRONG>flash</STRONG>).
+
+
+</PRE><H3><a name="h3-NCURSES_NO_SETBUF"><EM>NCURSES_NO_SETBUF</EM></a></H3><PRE>
+ (Obsolete) Prior to internal changes developed in <EM>ncurses</EM> 5.9 (patches
+ 20120825 through 20130126), the library used <STRONG>setbuf(3)</STRONG> to enable fully
+ buffered output when initializing the terminal. This was done, as in
+ SVr4 <EM>curses</EM>, to increase performance. For testing purposes, both of
+ <EM>ncurses</EM> and of certain applications, this feature was made optional.
+ Setting this variable disabled output buffering, leaving the output
+ stream in the original (usually line-buffered) mode.
+
+ Nowadays, <EM>ncurses</EM> performs its own buffering and does not require this
+ workaround; it does not modify the buffering of the standard output
+ stream. This approach makes signal handling, as for interrupts, more
+ robust. A drawback is that certain unconventional programs mixed
+ <STRONG>stdio(3)</STRONG> calls with <EM>ncurses</EM> calls and (usually) got the behavior they
+ expected. This is no longer the case; <EM>ncurses</EM> does not write to the
+ standard output file descriptor through a <EM>stdio</EM>-buffered stream.
+
+ As a special case, low-level API calls such as <STRONG><A HREF="curs_terminfo.3x.html">putp(3x)</A></STRONG> still use the
+ standard output stream. High-level <EM>curses</EM> calls such as <STRONG><A HREF="curs_printw.3x.html">printw(3x)</A></STRONG> do
+ not.
+
+
+</PRE><H3><a name="h3-NCURSES_NO_UTF8_ACS"><EM>NCURSES_NO_UTF8_ACS</EM></a></H3><PRE>
+ At initialization, <EM>ncurses</EM> inspects the <EM>TERM</EM> environment variable for
+ special cases where VT100 forms-drawing characters (and the
+ corresponding alternate character set <EM>terminfo</EM> capabilities) are known
+ to be unsupported by terminal types that otherwise claim VT100
+ compatibility. Specifically, when running in a UTF-8 locale, the Linux
+ virtual console device and the GNU <STRONG>screen(1)</STRONG> program ignore them. Set
+ this variable to a nonzero value to instruct <EM>ncurses</EM> that the
+ terminal's ACS support is broken; the library then outputs Unicode code
+ points that correspond to the forms-drawing characters. Set it to zero
+ (or a non-integer) to disable the special check for terminal type names
+ matching "linux" or "screen", directing <EM>ncurses</EM> to assume that the ACS
+ feature works if the terminal type description advertises it.
+
+ As an alternative to use of this variable, <EM>ncurses</EM> checks for an
+ extended <EM>terminfo</EM> numeric capability <STRONG>U8</STRONG> that can be compiled using "<STRONG>tic</STRONG>
+ <STRONG>-x</STRONG>". Examples follow.
# linux console, if patched to provide working
# VT100 shift-in/shift-out, with corresponding font.
xterm-utf8|xterm relying on UTF-8 line-graphics,
U8#1, use=xterm,
- The name "U8" is chosen to be two characters, to permit it
- to be used by applications that use ncurses' termcap
- interface.
+ The two-character name "U8" was chosen to permit its use via <EM>ncurses</EM>'s
+ <EM>termcap</EM> interface.
-</PRE><H3><a name="h3-NCURSES_TRACE">NCURSES_TRACE</a></H3><PRE>
- During initialization, the <STRONG>ncurses</STRONG> debugging library
- checks the NCURSES_TRACE environment variable. If it is
- defined, to a numeric value, <STRONG>ncurses</STRONG> calls the <STRONG>trace</STRONG> func-
- tion, using that value as the argument.
+</PRE><H3><a name="h3-NCURSES_TRACE"><EM>NCURSES_TRACE</EM></a></H3><PRE>
+ At initialization, <EM>ncurses</EM> (in its debugging configuration) checks for
+ this variable's presence. If defined with an integral value, the
+ library calls <STRONG><A HREF="curs_trace.3x.html">curses_trace(3x)</A></STRONG> with that value as the argument.
- The argument values, which are defined in <STRONG>curses.h</STRONG>, pro-
- vide several types of information. When running with
- traces enabled, your application will write the file <STRONG>trace</STRONG>
- to the current directory.
- See <STRONG><A HREF="curs_trace.3x.html">curs_trace(3x)</A></STRONG> for more information.
+</PRE><H3><a name="h3-TERM"><EM>TERM</EM></a></H3><PRE>
+ Denotes your terminal type. Each terminal type is distinct, though
+ many are similar.
-
-</PRE><H3><a name="h3-TERM">TERM</a></H3><PRE>
- Denotes your terminal type. Each terminal type is dis-
- tinct, though many are similar.
-
- <STRONG>TERM</STRONG> is commonly set by terminal emulators to help appli-
- cations find a workable terminal description. Some of
- those choose a popular approximation, e.g., "ansi",
- "vt100", "xterm" rather than an exact fit. Not infre-
- quently, your application will have problems with that
+ <EM>TERM</EM> is commonly set by terminal emulators to help applications find a
+ workable terminal description. Some of those choose a popular
+ approximation, e.g., "ansi", "vt100", "xterm" rather than an exact fit.
+ Not infrequently, your application will have problems with that
approach, e.g., incorrect function-key definitions.
- If you set <STRONG>TERM</STRONG> in your environment, it has no effect on
- the operation of the terminal emulator. It only affects
- the way applications work within the terminal. Likewise,
- as a general rule (<STRONG>xterm</STRONG> being a rare exception), terminal
- emulators which allow you to specify <STRONG>TERM</STRONG> as a parameter
- or configuration value do not change their behavior to
+ If you set <EM>TERM</EM> in your environment, it has no effect on the operation
+ of the terminal emulator. It only affects the way applications work
+ within the terminal. Likewise, as a general rule (<STRONG>xterm(1)</STRONG> being a
+ rare exception), terminal emulators which allow you to specify <EM>TERM</EM> as
+ a parameter or configuration value do not change their behavior to
match that setting.
-</PRE><H3><a name="h3-TERMCAP">TERMCAP</a></H3><PRE>
- If the <STRONG>ncurses</STRONG> library has been configured with <EM>termcap</EM>
- support, <STRONG>ncurses</STRONG> will check for a terminal's description
- in termcap form if it is not available in the terminfo
- database.
+</PRE><H3><a name="h3-TERMCAP"><EM>TERMCAP</EM></a></H3><PRE>
+ If the <EM>ncurses</EM> library has been configured with <EM>termcap</EM> support,
+ <EM>ncurses</EM> will check for a terminal's description in termcap form if it
+ is not available in the terminfo database.
- The TERMCAP environment variable contains either a termi-
- nal description (with newlines stripped out), or a file
- name telling where the information denoted by the TERM
- environment variable exists. In either case, setting it
- directs <STRONG>ncurses</STRONG> to ignore the usual place for this infor-
- mation, e.g., /etc/termcap.
+ The <EM>TERMCAP</EM> environment variable contains either a terminal description
+ (with newlines stripped out), or a file name telling where the
+ information denoted by the <EM>TERM</EM> environment variable exists. In either
+ case, setting it directs <EM>ncurses</EM> to ignore the usual place for this
+ information, e.g., /etc/termcap.
-</PRE><H3><a name="h3-TERMINFO">
TERMINFO</a></H3><PRE>
- Overrides the directory in which <STRONG>ncurses</STRONG> searches for your
- terminal description. This is the simplest, but not the
- only way to change the list of directories. The complete
- list of directories in order follows:
+</PRE><H3><a name="h3-TERMINFO">
<EM>TERMINFO</EM></a></H3><PRE>
+ <EM>ncurses</EM> can be configured to read from multiple terminal databases.
+ The <EM>TERMINFO</EM> variable overrides the location for the default terminal
+ database. Terminal descriptions (in terminal format) are stored in
+ terminal databases:
- <STRONG>o</STRONG> the last directory to which <STRONG>ncurses</STRONG> wrote, if any,
- is searched first
+ <STRONG>o</STRONG> Normally these are stored in a directory tree, using subdirectories
+ named by the first letter of the terminal names therein.
- <STRONG>o</STRONG> the directory specified by the TERMINFO environment
- variable
+ This is the scheme used in System V, which legacy Unix systems use,
+ and the <EM>TERMINFO</EM> variable is used by <EM>curses</EM> applications on those
+ systems to override the default location of the terminal database.
- <STRONG>o</STRONG> $HOME/.terminfo
+ <STRONG>o</STRONG> If <EM>ncurses</EM> is built to use hashed databases, then each entry in
+ this list may be the path of a hashed database file, e.g.,
- <STRONG>o</STRONG> directories listed in the TERMINFO_DIRS environment
- variable
+ /usr/share/terminfo.db
- <STRONG>o</STRONG> one or more directories whose names are configured
- and compiled into the ncurses library, i.e.,
+ rather than
- <STRONG>o</STRONG> /usr/local/ncurses/share/ter-
- minfo:/usr/share/terminfo (corresponding to the
- TERMINFO_DIRS variable)
+ /usr/share/terminfo/
- <STRONG>o</STRONG> /usr/share/terminfo (corresponding to the TER-
- MINFO variable)
+ The hashed database uses less disk-space and is a little faster
+ than the directory tree. However, some applications assume the
+ existence of the directory tree, reading it directly rather than
+ using the terminfo library calls.
+ <STRONG>o</STRONG> If <EM>ncurses</EM> is built with a support for reading termcap files
+ directly, then an entry in this list may be the path of a termcap
+ file.
-</PRE><H3><a name="h3-TERMINFO_DIRS">TERMINFO_DIRS</a></H3><PRE>
- Specifies a list of directories to search for terminal
- descriptions. The list is separated by colons (i.e., ":")
- on Unix, semicolons on OS/2 EMX.
+ <STRONG>o</STRONG> If the <EM>TERMINFO</EM> variable begins with "hex:" or "b64:", <EM>ncurses</EM> uses
+ the remainder of that variable as a compiled terminal description.
+ You might produce the base64 format using <STRONG><A HREF="infocmp.1m.html">infocmp(1m)</A></STRONG>:
- All of the terminal descriptions are in terminfo form.
- Normally these are stored in a directory tree, using sub-
- directories named by the first letter of the terminal
- names therein.
+ TERMINFO="$(infocmp -0 -Q2 -q)"
+ export TERMINFO
+
+ The compiled description is used if it corresponds to the terminal
+ identified by the <EM>TERM</EM> variable.
+
+ Setting <EM>TERMINFO</EM> is the simplest, but not the only way to set location
+ of the default terminal database. The complete list of database
+ locations in order follows:
+
+ <STRONG>o</STRONG> the last terminal database to which <EM>ncurses</EM> wrote, if any, is
+ searched first
+
+ <STRONG>o</STRONG> the location specified by the <EM>TERMINFO</EM> environment variable
+
+ <STRONG>o</STRONG> $HOME/.terminfo
- If <STRONG>ncurses</STRONG> is built with a hashed database, then each
- entry in this list can also be the path of the correspond-
- ing database file.
+ <STRONG>o</STRONG> locations listed in the <EM>TERMINFO</EM><STRONG>_</STRONG><EM>DIRS</EM> environment variable
- If <STRONG>ncurses</STRONG> is built with a support for reading termcap
- files directly, then an entry in this list may be the path
- of a termcap file.
+ <STRONG>o</STRONG> one or more locations whose names are configured and compiled
+ into the <EM>ncurses</EM> library, i.e.,
+ <STRONG>o</STRONG> /usr/share/terminfo (corresponding to the <EM>TERMINFO</EM><STRONG>_</STRONG><EM>DIRS</EM>
+ variable)
-</PRE><H3><a name="h3-TERMPATH">TERMPATH</a></H3><PRE>
- If TERMCAP does not hold a file name then <STRONG>ncurses</STRONG> checks
- the TERMPATH environment variable. This is a list of
- filenames separated by spaces or colons (i.e., ":") on
- Unix, semicolons on OS/2 EMX.
+ <STRONG>o</STRONG> /usr/share/terminfo (corresponding to the <EM>TERMINFO</EM> variable)
- If the TERMPATH environment variable is not set, <STRONG>ncurses</STRONG>
- looks in the files /etc/termcap, /usr/share/misc/termcap
- and $HOME/.termcap, in that order.
- The library may be configured to disregard the following
- variables when the current user is the superuser (root),
- or if the application uses setuid or setgid permissions:
+</PRE><H3><a name="h3-TERMINFO_DIRS"><EM>TERMINFO_DIRS</EM></a></H3><PRE>
+ Specifies a list of locations to search for terminal descriptions.
+ Each location in the list is a terminal database as described in the
+ section on the <EM>TERMINFO</EM> variable. The list is separated by colons
+ (i.e., ":") on Unix, semicolons on OS/2 EMX.
- $TERMINFO, $TERMINFO_DIRS, $TERMPATH, as well as $HOME.
+ There is no corresponding feature in System V terminfo; it is an
+ extension developed for <EM>ncurses</EM>.
+
+
+</PRE><H3><a name="h3-TERMPATH"><EM>TERMPATH</EM></a></H3><PRE>
+ If <EM>TERMCAP</EM> does not hold a file name then <EM>ncurses</EM> checks the <EM>TERMPATH</EM>
+ environment variable. This is a list of filenames separated by spaces
+ or colons (i.e., ":") on Unix, semicolons on OS/2 EMX.
+
+ If the <EM>TERMPATH</EM> environment variable is not set, <EM>ncurses</EM> looks in the
+ files
+
+ /etc/termcap, /usr/share/misc/termcap and $HOME/.termcap,
+
+ in that order.
</PRE><H2><a name="h2-ALTERNATE-CONFIGURATIONS">ALTERNATE CONFIGURATIONS</a></H2><PRE>
- Several different configurations are possible, depending
- on the configure script options used when building
- <STRONG>ncurses</STRONG>. There are a few main options whose effects are
- visible to the applications developer using <STRONG>ncurses</STRONG>:
+ Many different <EM>ncurses</EM> configurations are possible, determined by the
+ options given to the <EM>configure</EM> script when building the library. Run
+ the script with the <STRONG>--help</STRONG> option to peruse them all. A few are of
+ particular significance to the application developer employing <EM>ncurses</EM>.
--disable-overwrite
- The standard include for <STRONG>ncurses</STRONG> is as noted in <STRONG>SYN-</STRONG>
- <STRONG>OPSIS</STRONG>:
+ The standard include for <EM>ncurses</EM> is as noted in <STRONG>SYNOPSIS</STRONG>:
- <STRONG>#include</STRONG> <STRONG><curses.h></STRONG>
+ <STRONG>#include</STRONG> <STRONG><curses.h></STRONG>
- This option is used to avoid filename conflicts when
- <STRONG>ncurses</STRONG> is not the main implementation of curses of
- the computer. If <STRONG>ncurses</STRONG> is installed disabling
- overwrite, it puts its headers in a subdirectory,
- e.g.,
+ This option is used to avoid filename conflicts when <EM>ncurses</EM> is
+ not the main implementation of curses of the computer. If <EM>ncurses</EM>
+ is installed disabling overwrite, it puts its headers in a
+ subdirectory, e.g.,
- <STRONG>#include</STRONG> <STRONG><ncurses/curses.h></STRONG>
+ <STRONG>#include</STRONG> <STRONG><ncurses/curses.h></STRONG>
- It also omits a symbolic link which would allow you
- to use <STRONG>-lcurses</STRONG> to build executables.
+ It also omits a symbolic link which would allow you to use
+ <STRONG>-lcurses</STRONG> to build executables.
--enable-widec
- The configure script renames the library and (if the
- <STRONG>--disable-overwrite</STRONG> option is used) puts the header
- files in a different subdirectory. All of the
- library names have a "w" appended to them, i.e.,
- instead of
+ The configure script renames the library and (if the
+ <STRONG>--disable-overwrite</STRONG> option is used) puts the header files in a
+ different subdirectory. All of the library names have a "w"
+ appended to them, i.e., instead of
- <STRONG>-lncurses</STRONG>
+ <STRONG>-lncurses</STRONG>
you link with
- <STRONG>-lncursesw</STRONG>
-
- You must also define <STRONG>_XOPEN_SOURCE_EXTENDED</STRONG> when com-
- piling for the wide-character library to use the
- extended (wide-character) functions. The <STRONG>curses.h</STRONG>
- file which is installed for the wide-character
- library is designed to be compatible with the normal
- library's header. Only the size of the <STRONG>WINDOW</STRONG> struc-
- ture differs, and very few applications require more
- than a pointer to <STRONG>WINDOW</STRONG>s. If the headers are
- installed allowing overwrite, the wide-character
- library's headers should be installed last, to allow
- applications to be built using either library from
- the same set of headers.
+ <STRONG>-lncursesw</STRONG>
+
+ You must also enable the wide-character features in the header
+ file when compiling for the wide-character library to use the
+ extended (wide-character) functions. The symbol which enables
+ these features has changed since XSI Curses, Issue 4:
+
+ <STRONG>o</STRONG> Originally, the wide-character feature required the symbol
+ <STRONG>_XOPEN_SOURCE_EXTENDED</STRONG> but that was only valid for XPG4
+ (1996).
+
+ <STRONG>o</STRONG> Later, that was deemed conflicting with <STRONG>_XOPEN_SOURCE</STRONG> defined
+ to 500.
+
+ <STRONG>o</STRONG> As of mid-2018, none of the features in this implementation
+ require a <STRONG>_XOPEN_SOURCE</STRONG> feature greater than 600. However,
+ X/Open Curses, Issue 7 (2009) recommends defining it to 700.
+
+ <STRONG>o</STRONG> Alternatively, you can enable the feature by defining
+ <STRONG>NCURSES_WIDECHAR</STRONG> with the caveat that some other header file
+ than <STRONG>curses.h</STRONG> may require a specific value for <STRONG>_XOPEN_SOURCE</STRONG>
+ (or a system-specific symbol).
+
+ The <EM>curses.h</EM> header file installed for the wide-character library
+ is designed to be compatible with the non-wide library's header.
+ Only the size of the <EM>WINDOW</EM> structure differs; few applications
+ require more than pointers to <EM>WINDOW</EM>s.
+
+ If the headers are installed allowing overwrite, the wide-
+ character library's headers should be installed last, to allow
+ applications to be built using either library from the same set of
+ headers.
--with-pthread
- The configure script renames the library. All of the
- library names have a "t" appended to them (before any
- "w" added by <STRONG>--enable-widec</STRONG>).
+ The configure script renames the library. All of the library
+ names have a "t" appended to them (before any "w" added by
+ <STRONG>--enable-widec</STRONG>).
- The global variables such as <STRONG>LINES</STRONG> are replaced by
- macros to allow read-only access. At the same time,
- setter-functions are provided to set these values.
- Some applications (very few) may require changes to
- work with this convention.
+ The global variables such as <STRONG>LINES</STRONG> are replaced by macros to allow
+ read-only access. At the same time, setter-functions are provided
+ to set these values. Some applications (very few) may require
+ changes to work with this convention.
--with-shared
--with-debug
--with-profile
- The shared and normal (static) library names differ
- by their suffixes, e.g., <STRONG>libncurses.so</STRONG> and <STRONG>libn-</STRONG>
- <STRONG>curses.a</STRONG>. The debug and profiling libraries add a
- "_g" and a "_p" to the root names respectively, e.g.,
- <STRONG>libncurses_g.a</STRONG> and <STRONG>libncurses_p.a</STRONG>.
+ The shared and normal (static) library names differ by their
+ suffixes, e.g., <STRONG>libncurses.so</STRONG> and <STRONG>libncurses.a</STRONG>. The debug and
+ profiling libraries add a "_g" and a "_p" to the root names
+ respectively, e.g., <STRONG>libncurses_g.a</STRONG> and <STRONG>libncurses_p.a</STRONG>.
+
+ --with-termlib
+ Low-level functions which do not depend upon whether the library
+ supports wide-characters, are provided in the tinfo library.
+
+ By doing this, it is possible to share the tinfo library between
+ wide/normal configurations as well as reduce the size of the
+ library when only low-level functions are needed.
+
+ Those functions are described in these pages:
+
+ <STRONG>o</STRONG> <STRONG><A HREF="curs_extend.3x.html">curs_extend(3x)</A></STRONG> - miscellaneous <EM>curses</EM> extensions
+
+ <STRONG>o</STRONG> <STRONG><A HREF="curs_inopts.3x.html">curs_inopts(3x)</A></STRONG> - <EM>curses</EM> input options
+
+ <STRONG>o</STRONG> <STRONG><A HREF="curs_kernel.3x.html">curs_kernel(3x)</A></STRONG> - low-level <EM>curses</EM> routines
+
+ <STRONG>o</STRONG> <STRONG><A HREF="curs_termattrs.3x.html">curs_termattrs(3x)</A></STRONG> - <EM>curses</EM> environment query routines
+
+ <STRONG>o</STRONG> <STRONG><A HREF="curs_termcap.3x.html">curs_termcap(3x)</A></STRONG> - <EM>curses</EM> emulation of <EM>termcap</EM>
+
+ <STRONG>o</STRONG> <STRONG><A HREF="curs_terminfo.3x.html">curs_terminfo(3x)</A></STRONG> - <EM>curses</EM> interface to <EM>terminfo</EM> database
+
+ <STRONG>o</STRONG> <STRONG><A HREF="curs_util.3x.html">curs_util(3x)</A></STRONG> - miscellaneous <EM>curses</EM> utility routines
--with-trace
- The <STRONG>trace</STRONG> function normally resides in the debug
- library, but it is sometimes useful to configure this
- in the shared library. Configure scripts should
- check for the function's existence rather than assum-
- ing it is always in the debug library.
+ The <STRONG>trace</STRONG> function normally resides in the debug library, but it
+ is sometimes useful to configure this in the shared library.
+ Configure scripts should check for the function's existence rather
+ than assuming it is always in the debug library.
</PRE><H2><a name="h2-FILES">FILES</a></H2><PRE>
- /usr/share/tabset
- directory containing initialization files for the
- terminal capability database /usr/share/terminfo ter-
- minal capability database
+ <EM>/usr/share/tabset</EM>
+ tab stop initialization database
+ <EM>/usr/share/terminfo</EM>
+ compiled terminal capability database
-</PRE><H2><a name="h2-SEE-ALSO">SEE ALSO</a></H2><PRE>
- <STRONG><A HREF="terminfo.5.html">terminfo(5)</A></STRONG> and related pages whose names begin "curs_"
- for detailed routine descriptions.
- <STRONG><A HREF="curs_variables.3x.html">curs_variables(3x)</A></STRONG>
+
+</PRE><H2><a name="h2-NOTES">NOTES</a></H2><PRE>
+ X/Open Curses permits most functions it specifies to be made available
+ as macros as well. <EM>ncurses</EM> does so
+
+ <STRONG>o</STRONG> for functions that return values via their parameters,
+
+ <STRONG>o</STRONG> to support obsolete features,
+
+ <STRONG>o</STRONG> to reuse functions (for example, those that move the cursor before
+ another operation), and
+
+ <STRONG>o</STRONG> a few special cases.
+
+ If the standard output file descriptor of an <EM>ncurses</EM> program is
+ redirected to something that is not a terminal device, the library
+ writes screen updates to the standard error file descriptor. This was
+ an undocumented feature of SVr3.
+
+ See subsection "Header files" below regarding symbols exposed by
+ inclusion of <EM>curses.h</EM>.
</PRE><H2><a name="h2-EXTENSIONS">EXTENSIONS</a></H2><PRE>
- The <STRONG>ncurses</STRONG> library can be compiled with an option
- (<STRONG>-DUSE_GETCAP</STRONG>) that falls back to the old-style /etc/term-
- cap file if the terminal setup code cannot find a terminfo
- entry corresponding to <STRONG>TERM</STRONG>. Use of this feature is not
- recommended, as it essentially includes an entire termcap
- compiler in the <STRONG>ncurses</STRONG> startup code, at significant cost
- in core and startup cycles.
-
- The <STRONG>ncurses</STRONG> library includes facilities for capturing
- mouse events on certain terminals (including xterm). See
- the <STRONG><A HREF="curs_mouse.3x.html">curs_mouse(3x)</A></STRONG> manual page for details.
-
- The <STRONG>ncurses</STRONG> library includes facilities for responding to
- window resizing events, e.g., when running in an xterm.
- See the <STRONG><A HREF="resizeterm.3x.html">resizeterm(3x)</A></STRONG> and <STRONG><A HREF="wresize.3x.html">wresize(3x)</A></STRONG> manual pages for
- details. In addition, the library may be configured with
- a SIGWINCH handler.
-
- The <STRONG>ncurses</STRONG> library extends the fixed set of function key
- capabilities of terminals by allowing the application
- designer to define additional key sequences at runtime.
- See the <STRONG><A HREF="define_key.3x.html">define_key(3x)</A></STRONG> <STRONG><A HREF="key_defined.3x.html">key_defined(3x)</A></STRONG>, and <STRONG><A HREF="keyok.3x.html">keyok(3x)</A></STRONG> man-
- ual pages for details.
-
- The <STRONG>ncurses</STRONG> library can exploit the capabilities of termi-
- nals which implement the ISO-6429 SGR 39 and SGR 49 con-
- trols, which allow an application to reset the terminal to
- its original foreground and background colors. From the
- users' perspective, the application is able to draw col-
- ored text on a background whose color is set indepen-
- dently, providing better control over color contrasts.
- See the <STRONG><A HREF="default_colors.3x.html">default_colors(3x)</A></STRONG> manual page for details.
-
- The <STRONG>ncurses</STRONG> library includes a function for directing
- application output to a printer attached to the terminal
- device. See the <STRONG><A HREF="curs_print.3x.html">curs_print(3x)</A></STRONG> manual page for details.
+ <EM>ncurses</EM> enables an application to capture mouse events on certain
+ terminals, including <EM>xterm</EM>; see <STRONG><A HREF="curs_mouse.3x.html">curs_mouse(3x)</A></STRONG>.
+
+ <EM>ncurses</EM> provides a means of responding to window resizing events, as
+ when running in a GUI terminal emulator application such as <EM>xterm</EM>; see
+ <STRONG><A HREF="resizeterm.3x.html">resizeterm(3x)</A></STRONG> and <STRONG><A HREF="wresize.3x.html">wresize(3x)</A></STRONG>.
+
+ <EM>ncurses</EM> allows an application to query the terminal for the presence of
+ a wide variety of special keys; see <STRONG><A HREF="curs_getch.3x.html">has_key(3x)</A></STRONG>.
+
+ <EM>ncurses</EM> extends the fixed set of function key capabilities specified by
+ X/Open Curses by allowing the application programmer to define
+ additional key sequences at runtime; see <STRONG><A HREF="define_key.3x.html">define_key(3x)</A></STRONG>,
+ <STRONG><A HREF="key_defined.3x.html">key_defined(3x)</A></STRONG>, and <STRONG><A HREF="keyok.3x.html">keyok(3x)</A></STRONG>.
+
+ <EM>ncurses</EM> can exploit the capabilities of terminals implementing
+ ISO 6429/ECMA-48 SGR 39 and SGR 49 sequences, which allow an
+ application to reset the terminal to its original foreground and
+ background colors. From a user's perspective, the application is able
+ to draw colored text on a background whose color is set independently,
+ providing better control over color contrasts. See <STRONG><A HREF="default_colors.3x.html">default_colors(3x)</A></STRONG>.
+
+ An <EM>ncurses</EM> application can choose to hide the internal details of
+ <EM>WINDOW</EM> structures, instead using accessor functions such as
+ <STRONG><A HREF="curs_opaque.3x.html">is_scrollok(3x)</A></STRONG>.
+
+ <EM>ncurses</EM> enables an application to direct application output to a
+ printer attached to the terminal device; see <STRONG><A HREF="curs_print.3x.html">curs_print(3x)</A></STRONG>.
+
+ <EM>ncurses</EM> offers <STRONG><A HREF="curs_slk.3x.html">slk_attr(3x)</A></STRONG> as a counterpart of <STRONG><A HREF="curs_attr.3x.html">attr_get(3x)</A></STRONG> for soft-
+ label key lines, and <STRONG><A HREF="curs_slk.3x.html">extended_slk_color(3x)</A></STRONG> as a form of <STRONG><A HREF="curs_slk.3x.html">slk_color(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ that can gather color information from them when many colors are
+ supported.
+
+ Some extensions are only available if <EM>ncurses</EM> is compiled to support
+ them; section "ALTERNATE CONFIGURATIONS" describes how.
+
+ <STRONG>o</STRONG> Rudimentary support for multi-threaded applications may be
+ available; see <STRONG><A HREF="curs_threads.3x.html">curs_threads(3x)</A></STRONG>.
+
+ <STRONG>o</STRONG> Functions that ease the management of multiple screens can be
+ exposed; see <STRONG><A HREF="curs_sp_funcs.3x.html">curs_sp_funcs(3x)</A></STRONG>.
+
+ <STRONG>o</STRONG> To aid applications to debug their memory usage, <EM>ncurses</EM> optionally
+ offers functions to more aggressively free memory it dynamically
+ allocates itself; see <STRONG><A HREF="curs_memleaks.3x.html">curs_memleaks(3x)</A></STRONG>.
+
+ <STRONG>o</STRONG> The library facilitates auditing and troubleshooting of its
+ behavior; see <STRONG><A HREF="curs_trace.3x.html">curs_trace(3x)</A></STRONG>.
+
+ <STRONG>o</STRONG> The compiler option <STRONG>-DUSE_GETCAP</STRONG> causes the library to fall back to
+ reading <EM>/etc/termcap</EM> if the terminal setup code cannot find a <EM>term-</EM>
+ <EM>info</EM> entry corresponding to <EM>TERM</EM>. Use of this feature is not
+ recommended, as it essentially includes an entire <EM>termcap</EM> compiler
+ in the <EM>ncurses</EM> startup code, at a cost in memory usage and
+ application launch latency.
+
+ <EM>PDCurses</EM> and NetBSD <EM>curses</EM> incorporate some <EM>ncurses</EM> extensions.
+ Individual man pages indicate where this is the case.
</PRE><H2><a name="h2-PORTABILITY">PORTABILITY</a></H2><PRE>
- The <STRONG>ncurses</STRONG> library is intended to be BASE-level confor-
- mant with XSI Curses. The EXTENDED XSI Curses functional-
- ity (including color support) is supported.
-
- A small number of local differences (that is, individual
- differences between the XSI Curses and <STRONG>ncurses</STRONG> calls) are
- described in <STRONG>PORTABILITY</STRONG> sections of the library man
- pages.
-
- Unlike other implementations, this one checks parameters
- such as pointers to WINDOW structures to ensure they are
- not null. The main reason for providing this behavior is
- to guard against programmer error. The standard interface
- does not provide a way for the library to tell an applica-
- tion which of several possible errors were detected.
- Relying on this (or some other) extension will adversely
- affect the portability of curses applications.
-
- This implementation also contains several extensions:
-
- <STRONG>o</STRONG> The routine <STRONG>has_key</STRONG> is not part of XPG4, nor is it
- present in SVr4. See the <STRONG><A HREF="curs_getch.3x.html">curs_getch(3x)</A></STRONG> manual page
- for details.
-
- <STRONG>o</STRONG> The routine <STRONG>slk_attr</STRONG> is not part of XPG4, nor is it
- present in SVr4. See the <STRONG><A HREF="curs_slk.3x.html">curs_slk(3x)</A></STRONG> manual page for
- details.
-
- <STRONG>o</STRONG> The routines <STRONG>getmouse</STRONG>, <STRONG>mousemask</STRONG>, <STRONG>ungetmouse</STRONG>, <STRONG>mousein-</STRONG>
- <STRONG>terval</STRONG>, and <STRONG>wenclose</STRONG> relating to mouse interfacing are
- not part of XPG4, nor are they present in SVr4. See
- the <STRONG><A HREF="curs_mouse.3x.html">curs_mouse(3x)</A></STRONG> manual page for details.
-
- <STRONG>o</STRONG> The routine <STRONG>mcprint</STRONG> was not present in any previous
- curses implementation. See the <STRONG><A HREF="curs_print.3x.html">curs_print(3x)</A></STRONG> manual
- page for details.
-
- <STRONG>o</STRONG> The routine <STRONG>wresize</STRONG> is not part of XPG4, nor is it
- present in SVr4. See the <STRONG><A HREF="wresize.3x.html">wresize(3x)</A></STRONG> manual page for
- details.
-
- <STRONG>o</STRONG> The WINDOW structure's internal details can be hidden
- from application programs. See <STRONG><A HREF="curs_opaque.3x.html">curs_opaque(3x)</A></STRONG> for
- the discussion of <STRONG>is_scrollok</STRONG>, etc.
-
- <STRONG>o</STRONG> This implementation can be configured to provide rudi-
- mentary support for multi-threaded applications. See
- <STRONG><A HREF="curs_threads.3x.html">curs_threads(3x)</A></STRONG> for details.
-
- <STRONG>o</STRONG> This implementation can also be configured to provide
- a set of functions which improve the ability to manage
- multiple screens. See <STRONG><A HREF="curs_sp_funcs.3x.html">curs_sp_funcs(3x)</A></STRONG> for details.
-
- In historic curses versions, delays embedded in the capa-
- bilities <STRONG>cr</STRONG>, <STRONG>ind</STRONG>, <STRONG>cub1</STRONG>, <STRONG>ff</STRONG> and <STRONG>tab</STRONG> activated corresponding
- delay bits in the UNIX tty driver. In this implementa-
- tion, all padding is done by sending NUL bytes. This
- method is slightly more expensive, but narrows the inter-
- face to the UNIX kernel significantly and increases the
- package's portability correspondingly.
+ X/Open Curses defines two levels of conformance, "base" and "enhanced".
+ The latter includes several additional features, such as wide-character
+ and color support. <EM>ncurses</EM> intends base-level conformance with X/Open
+ Curses, and supports nearly all its enhanced features.
+ Differences between X/Open Curses and <EM>ncurses</EM> are documented in the
+ "PORTABILITY" sections of applicable man pages.
-</PRE><H2><a name="h2-NOTES">NOTES</a></H2><PRE>
- The header file <STRONG><curses.h></STRONG> automatically includes the
- header files <STRONG><stdio.h></STRONG> and <STRONG><unctrl.h></STRONG>.
- If standard output from a <STRONG>ncurses</STRONG> program is re-directed
- to something which is not a tty, screen updates will be
- directed to standard error. This was an undocumented fea-
- ture of AT&T System V Release 3 curses.
+</PRE><H3><a name="h3-Error-Checking">Error Checking</a></H3><PRE>
+ In many cases, X/Open Curses is vague about error conditions, omitting
+ some of the SVr4 documentation.
+
+ Unlike other implementations, this one checks parameters such as
+ pointers to <EM>WINDOW</EM> structures to ensure they are not null. The main
+ reason for providing this behavior is to guard against programmer
+ error. The standard interface does not provide a way for the library
+ to tell an application which of several possible errors were detected.
+ Relying on this (or some other) extension will adversely affect the
+ portability of curses applications.
+
+
+</PRE><H3><a name="h3-Padding-Differences">Padding Differences</a></H3><PRE>
+ In historic curses versions, delays embedded in the capabilities <STRONG>cr</STRONG>,
+ <STRONG>ind</STRONG>, <STRONG>cub1</STRONG>, <STRONG>ff</STRONG> and <STRONG>tab</STRONG> activated corresponding delay bits in the Unix
+ tty driver. In this implementation, all padding is done by sending NUL
+ bytes. This method is slightly more expensive, but narrows the
+ interface to the Unix kernel significantly and increases the package's
+ portability correspondingly.
+
+
+</PRE><H3><a name="h3-Header-Files">Header Files</a></H3><PRE>
+ The header file <EM>curses.h</EM> itself includes the header files <EM>stdio.h</EM> and
+ <EM>unctrl.h</EM>.
+
+ X/Open Curses has more to say, but does not finish the story:
+
+ The inclusion of <curses.h> may make visible all symbols from the
+ headers <stdio.h>, <term.h>, <termios.h>, and <wchar.h>.
+
+ Here is a more complete story:
+
+ <STRONG>o</STRONG> Starting with BSD curses, all implementations have included
+ <stdio.h>.
+
+ BSD curses included <curses.h> and <unctrl.h> from an internal
+ header file <EM>curses.ext</EM> ("ext" abbreviated "externs").
+
+ BSD curses used <stdio.h> internally (for <STRONG>printw</STRONG> and <STRONG>scanw</STRONG>), but
+ nothing in <curses.h> itself relied upon <stdio.h>.
+
+ <STRONG>o</STRONG> SVr2 curses added <STRONG><A HREF="curs_initscr.3x.html">newterm(3x)</A></STRONG>, which relies upon <stdio.h>. That
+ is, the function prototype uses <STRONG>FILE</STRONG>.
+
+ SVr4 curses added <STRONG>putwin</STRONG> and <STRONG>getwin</STRONG>, which also use <stdio.h>.
+
+ X/Open Curses documents all three of these functions.
+
+ SVr4 curses and X/Open Curses do not require the developer to
+ include <stdio.h> before including <curses.h>. Both document
+ curses showing <curses.h> as the only required header.
+
+ As a result, standard <curses.h> will always include <stdio.h>.
+
+ <STRONG>o</STRONG> X/Open Curses is inconsistent with respect to SVr4 regarding
+ <unctrl.h>.
+
+ As noted in <STRONG><A HREF="curs_util.3x.html">curs_util(3x)</A></STRONG>, <EM>ncurses</EM> includes <unctrl.h> from
+ <curses.h> (like SVr4).
+
+ <STRONG>o</STRONG> X/Open's comments about <term.h> and <termios.h> may refer to HP-UX
+ and AIX:
+
+ HP-UX curses includes <term.h> from <curses.h> to declare <STRONG>setupterm</STRONG>
+ in curses.h, but <EM>ncurses</EM> (and Solaris curses) do not.
+
+ AIX curses includes <term.h> and <termios.h>. Again, <EM>ncurses</EM> (and
+ Solaris curses) do not.
+
+ <STRONG>o</STRONG> X/Open says that <curses.h> <EM>may</EM> include <term.h>, but there is no
+ requirement that it do that.
+
+ Some programs use functions declared in both <curses.h> and
+ <term.h>, and must include both headers in the same module. Very
+ old versions of AIX curses required including <curses.h> before
+ including <term.h>.
+
+ Because <EM>ncurses</EM> header files include the headers needed to define
+ datatypes used in the headers, <EM>ncurses</EM> header files can be included
+ in any order. But for portability, you should include <curses.h>
+ before <term.h>.
+
+ <STRONG>o</STRONG> X/Open Curses says <EM>"may</EM> <EM>make</EM> <EM>visible"</EM> because including a header
+ file does not necessarily make all symbols in it visible (there are
+ ifdef's to consider).
+
+ For instance, in <EM>ncurses</EM> <wchar.h> <EM>may</EM> be included if the proper
+ symbol is defined, and if <EM>ncurses</EM> is configured for wide-character
+ support. If the header is included, its symbols may be made
+ visible. That depends on the value used for <STRONG>_XOPEN_SOURCE</STRONG> feature
+ test macro.
+
+ <STRONG>o</STRONG> X/Open Curses documents one required header, in a special case:
+ <stdarg.h> before <curses.h> to prototype the <STRONG>vw_printw</STRONG> and
+ <STRONG>vw_scanw</STRONG> functions (as well as the obsolete the <STRONG>vwprintw</STRONG> and
+ <STRONG>vwscanw</STRONG> functions). Each of those uses a <STRONG>va_list</STRONG> parameter.
+
+ The two obsolete functions were introduced in SVr3. The other
+ functions were introduced in X/Open Curses. In between, SVr4
+ curses provided for the possibility that an application might
+ include either <varargs.h> or <stdarg.h>. Initially, that was done
+ by using <STRONG>void*</STRONG> for the <STRONG>va_list</STRONG> parameter. Later, a special type
+ (defined in <stdio.h>) was introduced, to allow for compiler type-
+ checking. That special type is always available, because <stdio.h>
+ is always included by <curses.h>.
+
+ None of the X/Open Curses implementations require an application to
+ include <stdarg.h> before <curses.h> because they either have
+ allowed for a special type, or (like <EM>ncurses</EM>) include <stdarg.h>
+ directly to provide a portable interface.
</PRE><H2><a name="h2-AUTHORS">AUTHORS</a></H2><PRE>
- Zeyd M. Ben-Halim, Eric S. Raymond, Thomas E. Dickey.
- Based on pcurses by Pavel Curtis.
+ Zeyd M. Ben-Halim, Eric S. Raymond, Thomas E. Dickey. Based on <EM>pcurses</EM>
+ by Pavel Curtis.
+
+
+</PRE><H2><a name="h2-SEE-ALSO">SEE ALSO</a></H2><PRE>
+ <STRONG><A HREF="curs_variables.3x.html">curs_variables(3x)</A></STRONG>, <STRONG><A HREF="terminfo.5.html">terminfo(5)</A></STRONG>, <STRONG><A HREF="user_caps.5.html">user_caps(5)</A></STRONG>
-
<STRONG><A HREF="ncurses.3x.html">ncurses(3x)</A></STRONG>
+
ncurses 6.4 2024-04-13 <STRONG><A HREF="ncurses.3x.html">ncurses(3x)</A></STRONG>
</PRE>
<div class="nav">
<ul>
<li><a href="#h2-SYNOPSIS">SYNOPSIS</a></li>
<li><a href="#h2-DESCRIPTION">DESCRIPTION</a>
<ul>
+<li><a href="#h3-Application-Structure">Application Structure</a></li>
+<li><a href="#h3-Overview">Overview</a></li>
<li><a href="#h3-Initialization">Initialization</a></li>
-<li><a href="#h3-Datatypes">Datatypes</a></li>
-<li><a href="#h3-Environment-variables">Environment variables</a></li>
-<li><a href="#h3-Routine-and-Argument-Names">Routine and Argument Names</a></li>
-<li><a href="#h3-Routine-Name-Index">Routine Name Index</a></li>
+<li><a href="#h3-Naming-Conventions">Naming Conventions</a></li>
+<li><a href="#h3-Wide-and-Non-wide-Character-Configurations">Wide and Non-wide Character Configurations</a></li>
+<li><a href="#h3-Function-Name-Index">Function Name Index</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a href="#h2-RETURN-VALUE">RETURN VALUE</a></li>
<li><a href="#h2-ENVIRONMENT">ENVIRONMENT</a>
<ul>
<li><a href="#h3-BAUDRATE">BAUDRATE</a></li>
+<li><a href="#h3-CC-_command-character_">CC (command character)</a></li>
<li><a href="#h3-COLUMNS">COLUMNS</a></li>
<li><a href="#h3-ESCDELAY">ESCDELAY</a></li>
<li><a href="#h3-HOME">HOME</a></li>
<li><a href="#h3-NCURSES_CONSOLE2">NCURSES_CONSOLE2</a></li>
<li><a href="#h3-NCURSES_GPM_TERMS">NCURSES_GPM_TERMS</a></li>
<li><a href="#h3-NCURSES_NO_HARD_TABS">NCURSES_NO_HARD_TABS</a></li>
+<li><a href="#h3-NCURSES_NO_MAGIC_COOKIE">NCURSES_NO_MAGIC_COOKIE</a></li>
<li><a href="#h3-NCURSES_NO_PADDING">NCURSES_NO_PADDING</a></li>
<li><a href="#h3-NCURSES_NO_SETBUF">NCURSES_NO_SETBUF</a></li>
<li><a href="#h3-NCURSES_NO_UTF8_ACS">NCURSES_NO_UTF8_ACS</a></li>
</li>
<li><a href="#h2-ALTERNATE-CONFIGURATIONS">ALTERNATE CONFIGURATIONS</a></li>
<li><a href="#h2-FILES">FILES</a></li>
-<li><a href="#h2-SEE-ALSO">SEE ALSO</a></li>
-<li><a href="#h2-EXTENSIONS">EXTENSIONS</a></li>
-<li><a href="#h2-PORTABILITY">PORTABILITY</a></li>
<li><a href="#h2-NOTES">NOTES</a></li>
+<li><a href="#h2-EXTENSIONS">EXTENSIONS</a></li>
+<li><a href="#h2-PORTABILITY">PORTABILITY</a>
+<ul>
+<li><a href="#h3-Error-Checking">Error Checking</a></li>
+<li><a href="#h3-Padding-Differences">Padding Differences</a></li>
+<li><a href="#h3-Header-Files">Header Files</a></li>
+</ul>
+</li>
<li><a href="#h2-AUTHORS">AUTHORS</a></li>
+<li><a href="#h2-SEE-ALSO">SEE ALSO</a></li>
</ul>
</div>
</BODY>
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