-<!--
+<!--
****************************************************************************
- * Copyright (c) 1998-2016,2017 Free Software Foundation, Inc. *
+ * Copyright 2018-2021,2022 Thomas E. Dickey *
+ * Copyright 1998-2016,2017 Free Software Foundation, Inc. *
* *
* Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a *
* copy of this software and associated documentation files (the *
* sale, use or other dealings in this Software without prior written *
* authorization. *
****************************************************************************
- * @Id: tset.1,v 1.52 2017/11/20 01:27:53 tom Exp @
+ * @Id: tset.1,v 1.62 2022/02/12 20:02:20 tom Exp @
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<H1 class="no-header">tset 1</H1>
</PRE><H3><a name="h3-tset---initialization">tset - initialization</a></H3><PRE>
This program initializes terminals.
- First, <STRONG>tset</STRONG> retrieves the current terminal mode settings for your ter-
- minal. It does this by successively testing
+ First, <STRONG>tset</STRONG> retrieves the current terminal mode settings for your
+ terminal. It does this by successively testing
<STRONG>o</STRONG> the standard error,
3. (BSD systems only.) The terminal type associated with the standard
error output device in the <EM>/etc/ttys</EM> file. (On System-V-like UNIXes
- and systems using that convention, <EM>getty</EM> does this job by setting <STRONG>TERM</STRONG>
- according to the type passed to it by <EM>/etc/inittab</EM>.)
+ and systems using that convention, <STRONG>getty(1)</STRONG> does this job by setting
+ <STRONG>TERM</STRONG> according to the type passed to it by <EM>/etc/inittab</EM>.)
4. The default terminal type, "unknown".
If the terminal type was not specified on the command-line, the <STRONG>-m</STRONG>
option mappings are then applied (see the section <STRONG>TERMINAL</STRONG> <STRONG>TYPE</STRONG> <STRONG>MAPPING</STRONG>
- for more information). Then, if the terminal type begins with a ques-
- tion mark ("?"), the user is prompted for confirmation of the terminal
- type. An empty response confirms the type, or, another type can be
- entered to specify a new type. Once the terminal type has been deter-
- mined, the terminal description for the terminal is retrieved. If no
- terminal description is found for the type, the user is prompted for
+ for more information). Then, if the terminal type begins with a
+ question mark ("?"), the user is prompted for confirmation of the
+ terminal type. An empty response confirms the type, or, another type
+ can be entered to specify a new type. Once the terminal type has been
+ determined, the terminal description for the terminal is retrieved. If
+ no terminal description is found for the type, the user is prompted for
another terminal type.
Once the terminal description is retrieved,
- <STRONG>o</STRONG> if the "<STRONG>-w</STRONG>" option is enabled, <STRONG>tset</STRONG> may update the terminal's win-
- dow size.
+ <STRONG>o</STRONG> if the "<STRONG>-w</STRONG>" option is enabled, <STRONG>tset</STRONG> may update the terminal's
+ window size.
If the window size cannot be obtained from the operating system,
- but the terminal description (or environment, e.g., <STRONG>LINES</STRONG> and <STRONG>COL-</STRONG>
- <STRONG>UMNS</STRONG> variables specify this), use this to set the operating sys-
- tem's notion of the window size.
+ but the terminal description (or environment, e.g., <STRONG>LINES</STRONG> and
+ <STRONG>COLUMNS</STRONG> variables specify this), use this to set the operating
+ system's notion of the window size.
<STRONG>o</STRONG> if the "<STRONG>-c</STRONG>" option is enabled, the backspace, interrupt and line
kill characters (among many other things) are set
- <STRONG>o</STRONG> unless the "<STRONG>-I</STRONG>" option is enabled, the terminal and tab <EM>initializa-</EM>
- <EM>tion</EM> strings are sent to the standard error output, and <STRONG>tset</STRONG> waits
- one second (in case a hardware reset was issued).
+ <STRONG>o</STRONG> unless the "<STRONG>-I</STRONG>" option is enabled, the terminal and tab
+ <EM>initialization</EM> strings are sent to the standard error output, and
+ <STRONG>tset</STRONG> waits one second (in case a hardware reset was issued).
<STRONG>o</STRONG> Finally, if the erase, interrupt and line kill characters have
changed, or are not set to their default values, their values are
<STRONG>-c</STRONG> Set control characters and modes.
- <STRONG>-e</STRONG> Set the erase character to <EM>ch</EM>.
+ <STRONG>-e</STRONG> <EM>ch</EM>
+ Set the erase character to <EM>ch</EM>.
- <STRONG>-I</STRONG> Do not send the terminal or tab initialization strings to the ter-
- minal.
+ <STRONG>-I</STRONG> Do not send the terminal or tab initialization strings to the
+ terminal.
- <STRONG>-i</STRONG> Set the interrupt character to <EM>ch</EM>.
+ <STRONG>-i</STRONG> <EM>ch</EM>
+ Set the interrupt character to <EM>ch</EM>.
- <STRONG>-k</STRONG> Set the line kill character to <EM>ch</EM>.
+ <STRONG>-k</STRONG> <EM>ch</EM>
+ Set the line kill character to <EM>ch</EM>.
- <STRONG>-m</STRONG> Specify a mapping from a port type to a terminal. See the section
+ <STRONG>-m</STRONG> <EM>mapping</EM>
+ Specify a mapping from a port type to a terminal. See the section
<STRONG>TERMINAL</STRONG> <STRONG>TYPE</STRONG> <STRONG>MAPPING</STRONG> for more information.
<STRONG>-Q</STRONG> Do not display any values for the erase, interrupt and line kill
- characters. Normally <STRONG>tset</STRONG> displays the values for control charac-
- ters which differ from the system's default values.
+ characters. Normally <STRONG>tset</STRONG> displays the values for control
+ characters which differ from the system's default values.
<STRONG>-q</STRONG> The terminal type is displayed to the standard output, and the
terminal is not initialized in any way. The option "-" by itself
When the <STRONG>-s</STRONG> option is specified, the commands to enter the information
into the shell's environment are written to the standard output. If
the <STRONG>SHELL</STRONG> environmental variable ends in "csh", the commands are for
- <STRONG>csh</STRONG>, otherwise, they are for <STRONG>sh</STRONG>. Note, the <STRONG>csh</STRONG> commands set and unset
- the shell variable <STRONG>noglob</STRONG>, leaving it unset. The following line in the
- <STRONG>.login</STRONG> or <STRONG>.profile</STRONG> files will initialize the environment correctly:
+ <STRONG>csh</STRONG>, otherwise, they are for <STRONG>sh(1)</STRONG>. Note, the <STRONG>csh</STRONG> commands set and
+ unset the shell variable <STRONG>noglob</STRONG>, leaving it unset. The following line
+ in the <STRONG>.login</STRONG> or <STRONG>.profile</STRONG> files will initialize the environment
+ correctly:
eval `tset -s options ... `
</PRE><H2><a name="h2-TERMINAL-TYPE-MAPPING">TERMINAL TYPE MAPPING</a></H2><PRE>
- When the terminal is not hardwired into the system (or the current sys-
- tem information is incorrect) the terminal type derived from the
- <EM>/etc/ttys</EM> file or the <STRONG>TERM</STRONG> environmental variable is often something
- generic like <STRONG>network</STRONG>, <STRONG>dialup</STRONG>, or <STRONG>unknown</STRONG>. When <STRONG>tset</STRONG> is used in a
- startup script it is often desirable to provide information about the
+ When the terminal is not hardwired into the system (or the current
+ system information is incorrect) the terminal type derived from the
+ <EM>/etc/ttys</EM> file or the <STRONG>TERM</STRONG> environmental variable is often something
+ generic like <STRONG>network</STRONG>, <STRONG>dialup</STRONG>, or <STRONG>unknown</STRONG>. When <STRONG>tset</STRONG> is used in a
+ startup script it is often desirable to provide information about the
type of terminal used on such ports.
- The <STRONG>-m</STRONG> options maps from some set of conditions to a terminal type,
+ The <STRONG>-m</STRONG> options maps from some set of conditions to a terminal type,
that is, to tell <STRONG>tset</STRONG> "If I'm on this port at a particular speed, guess
that I'm on that kind of terminal".
- The argument to the <STRONG>-m</STRONG> option consists of an optional port type, an
- optional operator, an optional baud rate specification, an optional
- colon (":") character and a terminal type. The port type is a string
- (delimited by either the operator or the colon character). The opera-
- tor may be any combination of ">", "<", "@", and "!"; ">" means greater
- than, "<" means less than, "@" means equal to and "!" inverts the sense
- of the test. The baud rate is specified as a number and is compared
- with the speed of the standard error output (which should be the con-
- trol terminal). The terminal type is a string.
-
- If the terminal type is not specified on the command line, the <STRONG>-m</STRONG> map-
- pings are applied to the terminal type. If the port type and baud rate
- match the mapping, the terminal type specified in the mapping replaces
- the current type. If more than one mapping is specified, the first
- applicable mapping is used.
-
- For example, consider the following mapping: <STRONG>dialup>9600:vt100</STRONG>. The
+ The argument to the <STRONG>-m</STRONG> option consists of an optional port type, an
+ optional operator, an optional baud rate specification, an optional
+ colon (":") character and a terminal type. The port type is a string
+ (delimited by either the operator or the colon character). The
+ operator may be any combination of ">", "<", "@", and "!"; ">" means
+ greater than, "<" means less than, "@" means equal to and "!" inverts
+ the sense of the test. The baud rate is specified as a number and is
+ compared with the speed of the standard error output (which should be
+ the control terminal). The terminal type is a string.
+
+ If the terminal type is not specified on the command line, the <STRONG>-m</STRONG>
+ mappings are applied to the terminal type. If the port type and baud
+ rate match the mapping, the terminal type specified in the mapping
+ replaces the current type. If more than one mapping is specified, the
+ first applicable mapping is used.
+
+ For example, consider the following mapping: <STRONG>dialup>9600:vt100</STRONG>. The
port type is dialup , the operator is >, the baud rate specification is
9600, and the terminal type is vt100. The result of this mapping is to
- specify that if the terminal type is <STRONG>dialup</STRONG>, and the baud rate is
+ specify that if the terminal type is <STRONG>dialup</STRONG>, and the baud rate is
greater than 9600 baud, a terminal type of <STRONG>vt100</STRONG> will be used.
- If no baud rate is specified, the terminal type will match any baud
- rate. If no port type is specified, the terminal type will match any
- port type. For example, <STRONG>-m</STRONG> <STRONG>dialup:vt100</STRONG> <STRONG>-m</STRONG> <STRONG>:?xterm</STRONG> will cause any
+ If no baud rate is specified, the terminal type will match any baud
+ rate. If no port type is specified, the terminal type will match any
+ port type. For example, <STRONG>-m</STRONG> <STRONG>dialup:vt100</STRONG> <STRONG>-m</STRONG> <STRONG>:?xterm</STRONG> will cause any
dialup port, regardless of baud rate, to match the terminal type vt100,
- and any non-dialup port type to match the terminal type ?xterm. Note,
- because of the leading question mark, the user will be queried on a
+ and any non-dialup port type to match the terminal type ?xterm. Note,
+ because of the leading question mark, the user will be queried on a
default port as to whether they are actually using an xterm terminal.
- No whitespace characters are permitted in the <STRONG>-m</STRONG> option argument.
- Also, to avoid problems with meta-characters, it is suggested that the
+ No whitespace characters are permitted in the <STRONG>-m</STRONG> option argument.
+ Also, to avoid problems with meta-characters, it is suggested that the
entire <STRONG>-m</STRONG> option argument be placed within single quote characters, and
- that <STRONG>csh</STRONG> users insert a backslash character ("\") before any exclama-
- tion marks ("!").
+ that <STRONG>csh</STRONG> users insert a backslash character ("\") before any
+ exclamation marks ("!").
</PRE><H2><a name="h2-HISTORY">HISTORY</a></H2><PRE>
- A <STRONG>reset</STRONG> command appeared in 2BSD (April 1979), written by Kurt Shoens.
- This program set the <EM>erase</EM> and <EM>kill</EM> characters to <STRONG>^H</STRONG> (backspace) and <STRONG>@</STRONG>
+ A <STRONG>reset</STRONG> command appeared in 1BSD (March 1978), written by Kurt Shoens.
+ This program set the <EM>erase</EM> and <EM>kill</EM> characters to <STRONG>^H</STRONG> (backspace) and <STRONG>@</STRONG>
respectively. Mark Horton improved that in 3BSD (October 1979), adding
- <EM>intr</EM>, <EM>quit</EM>, <EM>start</EM>/<EM>stop</EM> and <EM>eof</EM> characters as well as changing the pro-
- gram to avoid modifying any user settings.
-
- Later in 4.1BSD (December 1980), Mark Horton added a call to the <STRONG>tset</STRONG>
- program using the <STRONG>-I</STRONG> and <STRONG>-Q</STRONG> options, i.e., using that to improve the
- terminal modes. With those options, that version of <STRONG>reset</STRONG> did not use
- the termcap database.
+ <EM>intr</EM>, <EM>quit</EM>, <EM>start</EM>/<EM>stop</EM> and <EM>eof</EM> characters as well as changing the
+ program to avoid modifying any user settings. That version of <STRONG>reset</STRONG>
+ did not use the termcap database.
- A separate <STRONG>tset</STRONG> command was provided in 2BSD by Eric Allman. While the
- oldest published source (from 1979) provides both <STRONG>tset</STRONG> and <STRONG>reset</STRONG>, All-
- man's comments in the 2BSD source code indicate that he began work in
- October 1977, continuing development over the next few years.
+ A separate <STRONG>tset</STRONG> command was provided in 1BSD by Eric Allman, using the
+ termcap database. Allman's comments in the source code indicate that
+ he began work in October 1977, continuing development over the next few
+ years.
- In September 1980, Eric Allman modified <STRONG>tset</STRONG>, adding the code from the
- existing "reset" feature when <STRONG>tset</STRONG> was invoked as <STRONG>reset</STRONG>. Rather than
- simply copying the existing program, in this merged version, <STRONG>tset</STRONG> used
- the termcap database to do additional (re)initialization of the termi-
- nal. This version appeared in 4.1cBSD, late in 1982.
+ According to comments in the source code, the <STRONG>tset</STRONG> program was modified
+ in September 1980, to use logic copied from the 3BSD "reset" when it
+ was invoked as <STRONG>reset</STRONG>. This version appeared in 4.1cBSD, late in 1982.
Other developers (e.g., Keith Bostic and Jim Bloom) continued to modify
<STRONG>tset</STRONG> until 4.4BSD was released in 1993.
- The <STRONG>ncurses</STRONG> implementation was lightly adapted from the 4.4BSD sources
+ The <STRONG>ncurses</STRONG> implementation was lightly adapted from the 4.4BSD sources
for a terminfo environment by Eric S. Raymond <esr@snark.thyrsus.com>.
</PRE><H2><a name="h2-COMPATIBILITY">COMPATIBILITY</a></H2><PRE>
- Neither IEEE Std 1003.1/The Open Group Base Specifications Issue 7
+ Neither IEEE Std 1003.1/The Open Group Base Specifications Issue 7
(POSIX.1-2008) nor X/Open Curses Issue 7 documents <STRONG>tset</STRONG> or <STRONG>reset</STRONG>.
- The AT&T <STRONG>tput</STRONG> utility (AIX, HPUX, Solaris) incorporated the terminal-
- mode manipulation as well as termcap-based features such as resetting
- tabstops from <STRONG>tset</STRONG> in BSD (4.1c), presumably with the intention of mak-
- ing <STRONG>tset</STRONG> obsolete. However, each of those systems still provides <STRONG>tset</STRONG>.
- In fact, the commonly-used <STRONG>reset</STRONG> utility is always an alias for <STRONG>tset</STRONG>.
+ The AT&T <STRONG>tput</STRONG> utility (AIX, HPUX, Solaris) incorporated the terminal-
+ mode manipulation as well as termcap-based features such as resetting
+ tabstops from <STRONG>tset</STRONG> in BSD (4.1c), presumably with the intention of
+ making <STRONG>tset</STRONG> obsolete. However, each of those systems still provides
+ <STRONG>tset</STRONG>. In fact, the commonly-used <STRONG>reset</STRONG> utility is always an alias for
+ <STRONG>tset</STRONG>.
- The <STRONG>tset</STRONG> utility provides for backward-compatibility with BSD environ-
- ments (under most modern UNIXes, <STRONG>/etc/inittab</STRONG> and <STRONG>getty(1)</STRONG> can set <STRONG>TERM</STRONG>
- appropriately for each dial-up line; this obviates what was <STRONG>tset</STRONG>'s most
- important use). This implementation behaves like 4.4BSD <STRONG>tset</STRONG>, with a
- few exceptions specified here.
+ The <STRONG>tset</STRONG> utility provides for backward-compatibility with BSD
+ environments (under most modern UNIXes, <STRONG>/etc/inittab</STRONG> and <STRONG>getty(1)</STRONG> can
+ set <STRONG>TERM</STRONG> appropriately for each dial-up line; this obviates what was
+ <STRONG>tset</STRONG>'s most important use). This implementation behaves like 4.4BSD
+ <STRONG>tset</STRONG>, with a few exceptions specified here.
A few options are different because the <STRONG>TERMCAP</STRONG> variable is no longer
supported under terminfo-based <STRONG>ncurses</STRONG>:
- <STRONG>o</STRONG> The <STRONG>-S</STRONG> option of BSD <STRONG>tset</STRONG> no longer works; it prints an error mes-
- sage to the standard error and dies.
+ <STRONG>o</STRONG> The <STRONG>-S</STRONG> option of BSD <STRONG>tset</STRONG> no longer works; it prints an error
+ message to the standard error and dies.
<STRONG>o</STRONG> The <STRONG>-s</STRONG> option only sets <STRONG>TERM</STRONG>, not <STRONG>TERMCAP</STRONG>.
There was an undocumented 4.4BSD feature that invoking <STRONG>tset</STRONG> via a link
- named "TSET" (or via any other name beginning with an upper-case let-
- ter) set the terminal to use upper-case only. This feature has been
+ named "TSET" (or via any other name beginning with an upper-case
+ letter) set the terminal to use upper-case only. This feature has been
omitted.
The <STRONG>-A</STRONG>, <STRONG>-E</STRONG>, <STRONG>-h</STRONG>, <STRONG>-u</STRONG> and <STRONG>-v</STRONG> options were deleted from the <STRONG>tset</STRONG> utility in
4.4BSD. None of them were documented in 4.3BSD and all are of limited
- utility at best. The <STRONG>-a</STRONG>, <STRONG>-d</STRONG>, and <STRONG>-p</STRONG> options are similarly not docu-
- mented or useful, but were retained as they appear to be in widespread
- use. It is strongly recommended that any usage of these three options
- be changed to use the <STRONG>-m</STRONG> option instead. The <STRONG>-a</STRONG>, <STRONG>-d</STRONG>, and <STRONG>-p</STRONG> options
- are therefore omitted from the usage summary above.
+ utility at best. The <STRONG>-a</STRONG>, <STRONG>-d</STRONG>, and <STRONG>-p</STRONG> options are similarly not
+ documented or useful, but were retained as they appear to be in
+ widespread use. It is strongly recommended that any usage of these
+ three options be changed to use the <STRONG>-m</STRONG> option instead. The <STRONG>-a</STRONG>, <STRONG>-d</STRONG>, and
+ <STRONG>-p</STRONG> options are therefore omitted from the usage summary above.
Very old systems, e.g., 3BSD, used a different terminal driver which
was replaced in 4BSD in the early 1980s. To accommodate these older
Also, the interaction between the - option and the <EM>terminal</EM> argument in
some historic implementations of <STRONG>tset</STRONG> has been removed.
- The <STRONG>-c</STRONG> and <STRONG>-w</STRONG> options are not found in earlier implementations. How-
- ever, a different window size-change feature was provided in 4.4BSD.
+ The <STRONG>-c</STRONG> and <STRONG>-w</STRONG> options are not found in earlier implementations.
+ However, a different window size-change feature was provided in 4.4BSD.
<STRONG>o</STRONG> In 4.4BSD, <STRONG>tset</STRONG> uses the window size from the termcap description
to set the window size if <STRONG>tset</STRONG> is not able to obtain the window
be unset only if there were some problem obtaining the value from the
operating system (and <STRONG>setupterm</STRONG> would still fail). For that reason,
the <STRONG>LINES</STRONG> and <STRONG>COLUMNS</STRONG> environment variables may be useful for working
- around window-size problems. Those have the drawback that if the win-
- dow is resized, those variables must be recomputed and reassigned. To
- do this more easily, use the <STRONG><A HREF="resize.1.html">resize(1)</A></STRONG> program.
+ around window-size problems. Those have the drawback that if the
+ window is resized, those variables must be recomputed and reassigned.
+ To do this more easily, use the <STRONG>resize(1)</STRONG> program.
</PRE><H2><a name="h2-ENVIRONMENT">ENVIRONMENT</a></H2><PRE>
The <STRONG>tset</STRONG> command uses these environment variables:
SHELL
- tells <STRONG>tset</STRONG> whether to initialize <STRONG>TERM</STRONG> using <STRONG>sh</STRONG> or <STRONG>csh</STRONG> syntax.
+ tells <STRONG>tset</STRONG> whether to initialize <STRONG>TERM</STRONG> using <STRONG>sh(1)</STRONG> or <STRONG>csh(1)</STRONG>
+ syntax.
- TERM Denotes your terminal type. Each terminal type is distinct,
+ TERM Denotes your terminal type. Each terminal type is distinct,
though many are similar.
TERMCAP
- may denote the location of a termcap database. If it is not an
- absolute pathname, e.g., begins with a "/", <STRONG>tset</STRONG> removes the vari-
- able from the environment before looking for the terminal descrip-
- tion.
+ may denote the location of a termcap database. If it is not an
+ absolute pathname, e.g., begins with a "/", <STRONG>tset</STRONG> removes the
+ variable from the environment before looking for the terminal
+ description.
</PRE><H2><a name="h2-FILES">FILES</a></H2><PRE>
/etc/ttys
- system port name to terminal type mapping database (BSD versions
+ system port name to terminal type mapping database (BSD versions
only).
/usr/share/terminfo
</PRE><H2><a name="h2-SEE-ALSO">SEE ALSO</a></H2><PRE>
- <STRONG>csh(1)</STRONG>,
<STRONG>sh(1)</STRONG>, <STRONG>stty(1)</STRONG>, <STRONG><A HREF="curs_terminfo.3x.html">curs_terminfo(3x)</A></STRONG>, <STRONG>tty(4)</STRONG>, <STRONG><A HREF="terminfo.5.html">terminfo(5)</A></STRONG>,
+ <STRONG>csh(1)</STRONG>,
<STRONG>sh(1)</STRONG>, <STRONG>stty(1)</STRONG>, <STRONG><A HREF="curs_terminfo.3x.html">curs_terminfo(3x)</A></STRONG>, <STRONG>tty(4)</STRONG>, <STRONG><A HREF="terminfo.5.html">terminfo(5)</A></STRONG>,
<STRONG>ttys(5)</STRONG>, <STRONG>environ(7)</STRONG>
- This describes <STRONG>ncurses</STRONG> version 6.1 (patch 20180331).
+ This describes <STRONG>ncurses</STRONG> version 6.3 (patch 20220724).
projects / ncurses.git / blobdiff