'\" t
.\"***************************************************************************
-.\" Copyright (c) 1998-2013,2015 Free Software Foundation, Inc. *
+.\" Copyright (c) 1998-2015,2017 Free Software Foundation, Inc. *
.\" *
.\" Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a *
.\" copy of this software and associated documentation files (the *
.\" authorization. *
.\"***************************************************************************
.\"
-.\" $Id: curs_util.3x,v 1.41 2015/04/11 10:22:50 tom Exp $
+.\" $Id: curs_util.3x,v 1.52 2017/11/18 23:47:37 tom Exp $
.TH curs_util 3X ""
.ie \n(.g .ds `` \(lq
.el .ds `` ``
.ie \n(.g .ds '' \(rq
.el .ds '' ''
.de bP
-.IP \(bu 4
+.ie n .IP \(bu 4
+.el .IP \(bu 2
..
.na
.hy 0
\fBint flushinp(void);\fR
.br
.SH DESCRIPTION
+.SS unctrl
+.PP
The \fBunctrl\fR routine returns a character string which is a printable
representation of the character \fIc\fR, ignoring attributes.
Control characters are displayed in the \fB^\fR\fIX\fR notation.
Printing characters are displayed as is.
The corresponding \fBwunctrl\fR returns a printable representation of
a wide character.
+.SS keyname/key_name
.PP
The \fBkeyname\fR routine returns a character string
corresponding to the key \fIc\fR:
.bP
Values above 128 are either meta characters
(if the screen has not been initialized,
-or if \fBmeta\fP has been called with a \fBTRUE\fP parameter),
+or if \fBmeta\fP(3X) has been called with a \fBTRUE\fP parameter),
shown in the \fBM\-\fR\fIX\fR notation,
or are displayed as themselves.
In the latter case, the values may not be printable;
to the wide-character value \fIw\fR.
The two functions do not return the same set of strings;
the latter returns null where the former would display a meta character.
+.SS filter/nofilter
.PP
The \fBfilter\fR routine, if used, must be called before \fBinitscr\fR or
\fBnewterm\fR are called.
-The effect is that, during those calls, \fBLINES\fR
-is set to 1; the capabilities \fBclear\fR, \fBcup\fR, \fBcud\fR, \fBcud1\fR,
-\fBcuu1\fR, \fBcuu\fR, \fBvpa\fR are disabled; and the \fBhome\fR string is
-set to the value of \fBcr\fR.
+Calling \fBfilter\fP causes these changes in initialization:
+.bP
+\fBLINES\fR is set to 1;
+.bP
+the capabilities
+\fBclear\fR,
+\fBcud1\fR,
+\fBcud\fR,
+\fBcup\fR,
+\fBcuu1\fR,
+\fBcuu\fR,
+\fBvpa\fR
+are disabled;
+.bP
+the capability \fBed\fP is disabled if \fBbce\fP is set;
+.bP
+and the \fBhome\fR string is set to the value of \fBcr\fR.
.PP
The \fBnofilter\fP routine cancels the effect of a preceding \fBfilter\fP
call.
using a different value of \fB$TERM\fP.
The limitation arises because the \fBfilter\fP routine modifies the
in-memory copy of the terminal information.
+.SS use_env
.PP
The \fBuse_env\fR routine, if used,
should be called before \fBinitscr\fR or
It modifies the way \fBncurses\fP treats environment variables
when determining the screen size.
.bP
-Normally ncurses looks first at the terminal database for the screen size.
+Normally \fBncurses\fP looks first at the terminal database for the screen size.
.IP
If \fBuse_env\fP was called with \fBFALSE\fP for parameter,
it stops here unless
-If \fBuse_tioctl\fP was also called with \fBTRUE\fP for parameter.
+\fBuse_tioctl\fP was also called with \fBTRUE\fP for parameter.
.bP
Then it asks for the screen size via operating system calls.
If successful,
it overrides the values from the terminal database.
.bP
Finally (unless \fBuse_env\fP was called with \fBFALSE\fP parameter),
-ncurses examines the \fBLINES\fR or \fBCOLUMNS\fR environment variables,
+\fBncurses\fP examines the \fBLINES\fR or \fBCOLUMNS\fR environment variables,
using a value in those to override the results
from the operating system or terminal database.
.IP
-Ncurses also updates the screen size in response to SIGWINCH,
+\fBNcurses\fP also updates the screen size in response to \fBSIGWINCH\fP,
unless overridden by the \fBLINES\fR or \fBCOLUMNS\fR environment variables,
+.SS use_tioctl
.PP
The \fBuse_tioctl\fR routine, if used,
should be called before \fBinitscr\fR or \fBnewterm\fR are called
(because those compute the screen size).
After \fBuse_tioctl\fR is called with \fBTRUE\fR as an argument,
-ncurses modifies the last step in its computation of screen size as follows:
+\fBncurses\fP modifies the last step in its computation of screen size as follows:
.bP
checks if the \fBLINES\fR and \fBCOLUMNS\fR environment variables
are set to a number greater than zero.
.bP
-for each, ncurses updates the corresponding environment variable
+for each, \fBncurses\fP updates the corresponding environment variable
with the value that it has obtained via operating system call
or from the terminal database.
.bP
-ncurses re-fetches the value of the environment variables so that
+\fBncurses\fP re-fetches the value of the environment variables so that
it is still the environment variables which set the screen size.
.PP
The \fBuse_env\fP and \fBuse_tioctl\fP routines combine as
\fIuse_env\fR/\fIuse_tioctl\fR/\fISummary\fR
TRUE/FALSE/T{
This is the default behavior.
-ncurses uses operating system calls
+\fBncurses\fP uses operating system calls
unless overridden by $LINES or $COLUMNS environment variables.
T}
TRUE/TRUE/T{
-ncurses updates $LINES and $COLUMNS based on operating system calls.
+\fBncurses\fP updates $LINES and $COLUMNS based on operating system calls.
T}
FALSE/TRUE/T{
-ncurses ignores $LINES and $COLUMNS, uses operating system calls to obtain size.
+\fBncurses\fP ignores $LINES and $COLUMNS, uses operating system calls to obtain size.
T}
FALSE/FALSE/T{
-ncurses relies on the terminal database to determine size.
+\fBncurses\fP relies on the terminal database to determine size.
T}
.TE
+.SS putwin/getwin
.PP
The \fBputwin\fR routine writes all data associated
with window (or pad) \fIwin\fR into
If cells in the retrieved window use color pairs which have not been
created in the application using \fBinit_pair\fP,
they will not be colored when the window is refreshed.
+.SS delay_output
.PP
The \fBdelay_output\fR routine inserts an \fIms\fR millisecond pause
in output.
padding characters are used rather than a CPU pause.
If no padding character is specified,
this uses \fBnapms\fR to perform the delay.
+.SS flushinp
.PP
The \fBflushinp\fR routine throws away any typeahead that has been typed by the
user and has not yet been read by the program.
\fBflushinp\fR
returns an error if the terminal was not initialized.
.TP 5
-\fBmeta\fR
-returns an error if the terminal was not initialized.
-.TP 5
\fBputwin\fP
returns an error if the associated \fBfwrite\fP calls return an error.
.RE
The keycodes start at KEY_MAX, but are not guaranteed to be
the same value for different runs because user-defined codes are
merged from all terminal descriptions which have been loaded.
-The \fBuse_extended_names\fP function controls whether this data is
+The \fBuse_extended_names\fP(3X) function controls whether this data is
loaded when the terminal description is read by the library.
.SS nofilter/use_tioctl
.PP
-The \fBnofilter\fP and \fBuse_tioctl\fP routines are specific to ncurses.
+The \fBnofilter\fP and \fBuse_tioctl\fP routines are specific to \fBncurses\fP.
They were not supported on Version 7, BSD or System V implementations.
-It is recommended that any code depending on ncurses extensions
+It is recommended that any code depending on \fBncurses\fP extensions
be conditioned using NCURSES_VERSION.
.SS putwin/getwin
.PP
Oddly, there are no such functions in the 4.3BSD curses sources.
.bP
Most implementations simply dump the binary \fBWINDOW\fP structure to the file.
-These include SVr4 curses, NetBSD and PDCurses, as well as older ncurses versions.
+These include SVr4 curses, NetBSD and PDCurses, as well as older \fBncurses\fP versions.
This implementation (as well as the X/Open variant of Solaris curses, dated 1995)
uses textual dumps.
.IP
these functions.
Doing that can run into problems mixing block- and buffered-I/O.
This implementation reduces the problem on writes by flushing the output.
-However, reading from a file written using mixed schemes may not be succesful.
+However, reading from a file written using mixed schemes may not be successful.
.SS unctrl/wunctrl
.PP
The XSI Curses standard, Issue 4 describes these functions.
.PP
The strings returned by \fBunctrl\fR in this implementation are determined
at compile time,
-showing C1 controls from the upper-128 codes with a `~' prefix rather than `^'.
+showing C1 controls from the upper-128 codes with a \*(``~\*('' prefix rather than \*(``^\*(''.
Other implementations have different conventions.
-For example, they may show both sets of control characters with `^',
+For example, they may show both sets of control characters with \*(``^\*('',
and strip the parameter to 7 bits.
Or they may ignore C1 controls and treat all of the upper-128 codes as
printable.
The \fBuse_legacy_coding\fP function allows the caller to
change the output of \fBunctrl\fP.
.PP
-Likewise, the \fBmeta\fP function allows the caller to change the
+Likewise, the \fBmeta\fP(3X) function allows the caller to change the
output of \fBkeyname\fP, i.e.,
-it determines whether to use the `M\-' prefix
+it determines whether to use the \*(``M\-\*('' prefix
for \*(``meta\*('' keys (codes in the range 128 to 255).
Both \fBuse_legacy_coding\fP and \fBmeta\fP succeed only after
curses is initialized.
When treating them as \*(``meta\*('' keys
(or if \fBkeyname\fP is called before initializing curses),
this implementation returns strings \*(``M\-^@\*('', \*(``M\-^A\*('', etc.
+.SS use_env/use_tioctl
+.PP
+If \fBncurses\fP is configured to provide the sp-functions extension,
+the state of \fBuse_env\fP and \fBuse_tioctl\fP may be updated before
+creating each \fIscreen\fP rather than once only
+(\fBcurs_sp_funcs\fR(3X)).
+This feature of \fBuse_env\fP
+is not provided by other implementation of curses.
.SH SEE ALSO
\fBlegacy_coding\fR(3X),
\fBcurses\fR(3X),
\fBcurs_initscr\fR(3X),
+\fBcurs_inopts\fR(3X),
\fBcurs_kernel\fR(3X),
\fBcurs_scr_dump\fR(3X),
+\fBcurs_sp_funcs\fR(3X),
\fBcurs_variables\fR(3X),
\fBlegacy_coding\fR(3X).
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