-The ncurses (new curses) library is a freeware emulation of System V
-Release 4.0 curses. It uses terminfo format, supports pads and color
+The ncurses (new curses) library is a free software emulation of
+curses in System V Release 4.0, and more. It uses terminfo format,
+supports pads and color
and multiple highlights and forms characters and function-key mapping,
and has all the other SYSV-curses enhancements over BSD curses.
@@ -21,8 +22,11 @@ considered 4.4BSD curses obsolete, and is encouraging the keepers of
Unix releases such as BSD/OS, freeBSD and netBSD to switch over to
ncurses.
-The ncurses code was developed under Linux. It should port easily to
-any ANSI/POSIX-conforming UNIX. It has even been ported to OS/2 Warp!
+The ncurses code was developed under GNU/Linux.
+It has been in use for some time with OpenBSD as the system curses library,
+and on FreeBSD and NetBSD as an external package.
+It should port easily to any ANSI/POSIX-conforming UNIX.
+It has even been ported to OS/2 Warp!
The distribution includes the library and support utilities, including a
terminfo compiler tic(1), a decompiler infocmp(1), clear(1), tput(1), tset(1),
@@ -31,24 +35,189 @@ the library and tools.
-The ncurses package is fully compatible with SVr4 (System V Release 4) curses:
+This release is designed to be upward compatible from ncurses 5.0 and 5.2;
+very few applications will require recompilation, depending on the platform.
+These are the highlights from the change-log since ncurses 5.2 release.
+
+Interface changes:
+
+
change type for bool used in headers to NCURSES_BOOL,
+ which usually is the same as the compiler's definition for
+ bool.
+
+
add all but two functions for X/Open curses wide-character support.
+ These are only available if the library is configured using the
+ --enable-widec option. Missing functions are
+
+
pecho_wchar()
+
slk_wset()
+
+
+
add environment variable $NCURSES_ASSUMED_COLORS to
+ modify the assume_default_colors() extension.
+
+
+New features and improvements:
+
+
Improved support for termcap applications:
+
+
add logic to dump_entry.c to remove function-key definitions that do
+ not fit into the 1023-byte limit for generated termcaps. This makes
+ hds200 fit.
+
+
modify tgetent() to check if exit_attribute_mode resets the alternate
+ character set, and if so, attempt to adjust the copy of the termcap
+ "me" string which it will return to eliminate that part. In
+ particular, 'screen' would lose track of line-drawing characters.
+
+
add check/fix to comp_parse.c to suppress warning about missing acsc
+ string. This happens in configurations where raw termcap information
+ is processed; tic already does this and other checks.
+
+
add tic -A option to suppress capabilities which are commented out
+ when translating to termcap.
+
+
modify logic in lib_baudrate.c for ospeed, for FreeBSD to make it
+ work properly for termcap applications (patch by Andrey A Chernov).
+
+
+
+
add a call to _nc_keypad() in keypad() to accommodate applications
+ such as nvi, which use curses for output but not for input (fixes
+ Debian #131263, cf: 20011215).
+
+
correct logic for COLORFGBG environment variable: if rxvt is compiled
+ with xpm support, the variable has three fields, making it slightly
+ incompatible with itself. In either case, the background color is
+ the last field.
+
+Major bug fixes:
+
+
rewrote limit-checks in wscrl() and associated _nc_scroll_window(),
+ to ensure that if the parameter of wscrl() is larger than the size of
+ the scrolling region, then the scrolling region will be cleared.
+
+
modify tset to restore original I/O modes if an error is encountered.
+ Also modify to use buffered stderr consistently rather than mixing
+ with write().
+
+
move calls to def_shell_mode() and def_prog_mode() before loop with
+ callbacks in lib_set_term.c, since the c++ demo otherwise initialized
+ the tty modes before saving them.
+
+
modified wresize() to ensure that a failed realloc will not corrupt
+ the window structure, and to make subwindows fit within the resized
+ window.
+
+
altered resizeterm() to avoid having it fail when a child window
+ cannot be resized because it would be larger than its parent.
+
+
correct/improve logic to produce an exit status for errors in tput,
+ which did not exit with an error when told to put a string not in the
+ current terminfo entry.
+
+
modify behavior of can_clear_with() so that if an application is
+ running in a non-bce terminals with default colors enabled, it
+ returns true, allowing the user to select/paste text without picking
+ up extraneous trailing blanks.
+
+
add a check in relative_move() to guard against buffer overflow in
+ the overwrite logic.
+
+
add some limit/pointer checks to -S option of tputs.
+
+
modify mvcur() to avoid emitting newline characters when nonl() mode
+ is set. Normally this is not a problem since the actual terminal
+ mode is set to suppress nl/crlf translations, however it is useful to
+ allow the caller to manipulate the terminal mode to avoid staircasing
+ effects after spawning a process which writes messages (for lynx
+ 2.8.4).
+
+
+Portability:
+
+
configure script:
+
+
modify check in --disable-overwrite option so that it is used by
+ default unless the --prefix/$prefix value is not /usr, in attempt to
+ work around packagers who do not read the INSTALL notes.
+
+
correct a typo in configure --enable-colorfgbg option, and move it
+ to the experimental section (cf: 20011208).
+
+
modify configure script to allow building with termcap only, or with
+ fallbacks only. In this case, we do not build tic and toe.
+
+
modify run_tic.sh to check if the build is a cross-compile. In that
+ case, do not use the build's tic to install the terminfo database.
+
+
modify c++/Makefile.in to accommodate archive programs that are
+ different for C++ than for C, and add cases for vendor's C++
+ compilers on Solaris and IRIX.
+
+
add several configure script options to aid with cross-compiling:
+ --with-build-cc, --with-build-cflags, --with-build-ldflags, and
+ --with-build-libs.
+
+
add experimental --with-caps=XXX option to customize to similar
+ terminfo database formats such as AIX 4.x
+
+
add configure option --with-ospeed to assist packagers in transition
+ to 5.3 change to ospeed type.
+
+
+
library:
+
+
implement a simple vsscanf() fallback function which uses the %n
+ conversion to help parse the input data.
+
+
various fixes to build/work with different implementations of
+ vsscanf().
+
+
add/use macro to suppress sign-extension of char type on
+ platforms where this is a problem in ctype macros, e.g., Solaris.
+
+
finish changes needed to build dll's on cygwin.
+
+
add #undef's before possible redefinition of ERR and OK in curses.h
+
+
+
programs:
+
+
modify ifdef's in write_entry.c to allow use of symbolic links on
+ platforms with no hard links, e.g., BeOS.
+
+
modify _nc_write_entry() to allow for the possibility that linking
+ aliases on a filesystem that ignores case would not succeed because
+ the source and destination differ only by case, e.g., NCR260VT300WPP0
+ on cygwin.
+
+
modify logic in tic, toe, tput and tset which checks for basename of
+ argv[0] to work properly on systems such as OS/2 which have
+ case-independent filenames and/or program suffixes, e.g., ".ext".
+
+
+
+
Features of Ncurses
+
+The ncurses package is fully compatible with SVr4 (System V Release 4) curses:
All 257 of the SVr4 calls have been implemented (and are documented).
Full support for SVr4 curses features including keyboard mapping, color,
forms-drawing with ACS characters, and automatic recognition of keypad
and function keys.
-
An emulation of the SVr4 panels library, supporting
+
An emulation of the SVr4 panels library, supporting
a stack of windows with backing store, is included.
-
An emulation of the SVr4 menus library, supporting
+
An emulation of the SVr4 menus library, supporting
a uniform but flexible interface for menu programming, is included.
-
An emulation of the SVr4 form library, supporting
+
An emulation of the SVr4 form library, supporting
data collection through on-screen forms, is included.
Binary terminfo entries generated by the ncurses tic(1) implementation
are bit-for-bit-compatible with the entry format SVr4 curses uses.
@@ -56,21 +225,19 @@ are bit-for-bit-compatible with the entry format SVr4 curses uses.
entries for use with less capable curses/terminfo
versions such as the HP/UX and AIX ports.
-The ncurses package also has many useful extensions over SVr4:
+The ncurses package also has many useful extensions over SVr4:
The API is 8-bit clean and base-level conformant with the X/OPEN curses
-specification, XSI Curses (that is, it implements all BASE level features,
+specification, XSI curses (that is, it implements all BASE level features,
but not all EXTENDED features). Most EXTENDED-level features not directly
concerned with wide-character support are implemented, including many
function calls not supported under SVr4 curses (but portability of all
calls is documented so you can use the SVr4 subset only).
-
Unlike SVr4 curses, ncurses can write to the rightmost-bottommost corner
+
Unlike SVr3 curses, ncurses can write to the rightmost-bottommost corner
of the screen if your terminal has an insert-character capability.
-
(PC-clone boxes only) Support for access to the IBM PC ROM characters
-0-32 through the highlight A_ALTCHARSET.
Ada95 and C++ bindings.
-
Support for mouse event reporting under xterm.
+
Support for mouse event reporting with X Window xterm and OS/2 console windows.
Extended mouse support via Alessandro Rubini's gpm package.
The function wresize() allows you to resize windows, preserving
their data.
@@ -98,7 +265,7 @@ after the end would step on a non-space character. It will
automatically shift highlight boundaries when doing so would make it
possible to draw the highlight without changing the visual appearance
of the screen.
-
It is possible to generate the library with a list of pre-loaded
+
It is possible to generate the library with a list of pre-loaded
fallback entries linked to it so that it can serve those terminal types even
when no terminfo tree or termcap file is accessible (this may be useful
for support of screen-oriented programs that must run in single-user mode).
@@ -111,7 +278,7 @@ entries from $HOME/.terminfo if it exists, and compile to that directory
if it exists and the user has no write access to the system directory.
This feature makes it easier for users to have personal terminfo entries
without giving up access to the system terminfo directory.
-
You may specify a path of directories to search for compiled
+
You may specify a path of directories to search for compiled
descriptions with the environment variable TERMINFO_DIRS (this
generalizes the feature provided by TERMINFO under stock System V.)
In terminfo source files, use capabilities may refer not just to
@@ -139,45 +306,72 @@ a narrative introduction to the curses programming interface.
State of the Package
Numerous bugs present in earlier versions have been fixed; the
-library is far more reliable than it used to be. Bounds checking in many
-`dangerous' entry points has been improved. The code is now type-safe
+library is far more reliable than it used to be. Bounds checking in many
+`dangerous' entry points has been improved. The code is now type-safe
according to gcc -Wall. The library has been checked for malloc leaks and
arena corruption by the Purify memory-allocation tester.
The ncurses code has been tested with a wide variety of applications
-including:
@@ -190,10 +384,10 @@ The original developers of ncurses are Zeyd Ben-Halim and
Eric S. Raymond.
Ongoing work is being done by
-Thomas Dickey
+Thomas Dickey
and
-Jürgen Pfeifer.
-Florian La Roche
+Jürgen Pfeifer.
+Thomas Dickey
acts as the maintainer for the Free Software Foundation, which holds the
copyright on ncurses.
Contact the current maintainers at
@@ -210,14 +404,14 @@ This list is open to anyone interested in helping with the development and
testing of this package.
Extended-level XPG4 conformance, with internationalization support.
Ports to more systems, including DOS and Windows.
-We need people to help with these projects. If you are interested in working
+We need people to help with these projects. If you are interested in working
on them, please join the ncurses list.
Other Related Resources
@@ -232,7 +426,7 @@ not covered in the terminfo file at
archive.
-