X-Git-Url: http://ncurses.scripts.mit.edu/?p=ncurses.git;a=blobdiff_plain;f=doc%2Fhtml%2Fman%2Fterm.5.html;h=60a9d223df7a406bf5347d428bb9fcc54a8c5f3e;hp=bc60a21058b7ba97f8dc66eb57bd9b588f93af20;hb=5899b5e464ecec4b1613f6fef8cb7b75793c88e3;hpb=cf6a62567b2365c8678b7d561845bdbd1739e5da
diff --git a/doc/html/man/term.5.html b/doc/html/man/term.5.html
index bc60a210..60a9d223 100644
--- a/doc/html/man/term.5.html
+++ b/doc/html/man/term.5.html
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@
* sale, use or other dealings in this Software without prior written *
* authorization. *
****************************************************************************
- * @Id: term.5,v 1.33 2020/02/02 23:34:34 tom Exp @
+ * @Id: term.5,v 1.38 2020/07/25 21:56:02 tom Exp @
-->
@@ -92,80 +92,111 @@
ing or sign extension are made.
The compiled file is created with the tic program, and read by the rou-
- tine setupterm(3x). The file is divided into six parts: the header,
- terminal names, boolean flags, numbers, strings, and string table.
+ tine setupterm(3x). The file is divided into six parts:
- The header section begins the file. This section contains six short
+ a) header,
+
+ b) terminal names,
+
+ c) boolean flags,
+
+ d) numbers,
+
+ e) strings, and
+
+ f) string table.
+
+ The header section begins the file. This section contains six short
integers in the format described below. These integers are
- (1) the magic number (octal 0432);
+ (1) the magic number (octal 0432);
+
+ (2) the size, in bytes, of the terminal names section;
- (2) the size, in bytes, of the names section;
+ (3) the number of bytes in the boolean flags section;
- (3) the number of bytes in the boolean section;
+ (4) the number of short integers in the numbers section;
- (4) the number of short integers in the numbers section;
+ (5) the number of offsets (short integers) in the strings section;
- (5) the number of offsets (short integers) in the strings section;
+ (6) the size, in bytes, of the string table.
- (6) the size, in bytes, of the string table.
+ The capabilities in the boolean flags, numbers, and strings sections
+ are in the same order as the file <term.h>.
- Short integers are stored in two 8-bit bytes. The first byte contains
- the least significant 8 bits of the value, and the second byte contains
- the most significant 8 bits. (Thus, the value represented is 256*sec-
- ond+first.) The value -1 is represented by the two bytes 0377, 0377;
- other negative values are illegal. This value generally means that the
- corresponding capability is missing from this terminal. Note that this
+ Short integers are signed, in the range -32768 to 32767. They are
+ stored as two 8-bit bytes. The first byte contains the least signifi-
+ cant 8 bits of the value, and the second byte contains the most signif-
+ icant 8 bits. (Thus, the value represented is 256*second+first.) This
format corresponds to the hardware of the VAX and PDP-11 (that is, lit-
tle-endian machines). Machines where this does not correspond to the
hardware must read the integers as two bytes and compute the little-
endian value.
- The terminal names section comes next. It contains the first line of
- the terminfo description, listing the various names for the terminal,
- separated by the "|" character. The section is terminated with an
- ASCII NUL character.
+ Numbers in a terminal description, whether they are entries in the num-
+ bers or strings table, are positive integers. Boolean flags are
+ treated as positive one-byte integers. In each case, those positive
+ integers represent a terminal capability. The terminal compiler tic
+ uses negative integers to handle the cases where a capability is not
+ available:
- The boolean flags have one byte for each flag. This byte is either 0
- or 1 as the flag is present or absent. The capabilities are in the
- same order as the file <term.h>.
+ o If a capability is absent from this terminal, tic stores a -1 in
+ the corresponding table.
- Between the boolean section and the number section, a null byte will be
- inserted, if necessary, to ensure that the number section begins on an
- even byte (this is a relic of the PDP-11's word-addressed architecture,
- originally designed in to avoid IOT traps induced by addressing a word
- on an odd byte boundary). All short integers are aligned on a short
- word boundary.
+ The integer value -1 is represented by two bytes 0377, 0377.
+ Absent boolean values are represented by the byte 0 (false).
- The numbers section is similar to the flags section. Each capability
- takes up two bytes, and is stored as a little-endian short integer. If
- the value represented is -1, the capability is taken to be missing.
+ o If a capability has been canceled from this terminal, tic stores a
+ -2 in the corresponding table.
- The strings section is also similar. Each capability is stored as a
- short integer, in the format above. A value of -1 means the capability
- is missing. Otherwise, the value is taken as an offset from the begin-
- ning of the string table. Special characters in ^X or \c notation are
- stored in their interpreted form, not the printing representation.
- Padding information $<nn> and parameter information %x are stored
- intact in uninterpreted form.
+ The integer value -2 is represented by two bytes 0377, 0376.
+ The boolean value -2 is represented by the byte 0376.
- The final section is the string table. It contains all the values of
- string capabilities referenced in the string section. Each string is
- null terminated.
+ o Other negative values are illegal.
+
+ The terminal names section comes after the header. It contains the
+ first line of the terminfo description, listing the various names for
+ the terminal, separated by the "|" character. The terminal names sec-
+ tion is terminated with an ASCII NUL character.
+
+ The boolean flags section has one byte for each flag. Boolean capabil-
+ ities are either 1 or 0 (true or false) according to whether the termi-
+ nal supports the given capability or not.
+
+ Between the boolean flags section and the number section, a null byte
+ will be inserted, if necessary, to ensure that the number section
+ begins on an even byte This is a relic of the PDP-11's word-addressed
+ architecture, originally designed to avoid traps induced by addressing
+ a word on an odd byte boundary. All short integers are aligned on a
+ short word boundary.
+
+ The numbers section is similar to the boolean flags section. Each
+ capability takes up two bytes, and is stored as a little-endian short
+ integer.
+
+ The strings section is also similar. Each capability is stored as a
+ short integer. The capability value is an index into the string table.
+
+ The string table is the last section. It contains all of the values of
+ string capabilities referenced in the strings section. Each string is
+ null-terminated. Special characters in ^X or \c notation are stored in
+ their interpreted form, not the printing representation. Padding
+ information $<nn> and parameter information %x are stored intact in
+ uninterpreted form.
The previous section describes the conventional terminfo binary format.
- With some minor variations of the offsets (see PORTABILITY), the same
- binary format is used in all modern UNIX systems. Each system uses a
+ With some minor variations of the offsets (see PORTABILITY), the same
+ binary format is used in all modern UNIX systems. Each system uses a
predefined set of boolean, number or string capabilities.
The ncurses libraries and applications support extended terminfo binary
- format, allowing users to define capabilities which are loaded at run-
+ format, allowing users to define capabilities which are loaded at run-
time. This extension is made possible by using the fact that the other
- implementations stop reading the terminfo data when they have reached
- the end of the size given in the header. ncurses checks the size, and
- if it exceeds that due to the predefined data, continues to parse
+ implementations stop reading the terminfo data when they have reached
+ the end of the size given in the header. ncurses checks the size, and
+ if it exceeds that due to the predefined data, continues to parse
according to its own scheme.
First, it reads the extended header (5 short integers):
@@ -180,96 +211,96 @@
(5) size of the extended string table in bytes
- The count- and size-values for the extended string table include the
+ The count- and size-values for the extended string table include the
extended capability names as well as extended capability values.
Using the counts and sizes, ncurses allocates arrays and reads data for
the extended capabilities in the same order as the header information.
- The extended string table contains values for string capabilities.
- After the end of these values, it contains the names for each of the
- extended capabilities in order, e.g., booleans, then numbers and
+ The extended string table contains values for string capabilities.
+ After the end of these values, it contains the names for each of the
+ extended capabilities in order, e.g., booleans, then numbers and
finally strings.
- Applications which manipulate terminal data can use the definitions
- described in term_variables(3x) which associate the long capability
+ Applications which manipulate terminal data can use the definitions
+ described in term_variables(3x) which associate the long capability
names with members of a TERMTYPE structure.
On occasion, 16-bit signed integers are not large enough. With ncurses
- 6.1, a new format was introduced by making a few changes to the legacy
+ 6.1, a new format was introduced by making a few changes to the legacy
format:
o a different magic number (octal 01036)
- o changing the type for the number array from signed 16-bit integers
+ o changing the type for the number array from signed 16-bit integers
to signed 32-bit integers.
- To maintain compatibility, the library presents the same data struc-
+ To maintain compatibility, the library presents the same data struc-
tures to direct users of the TERMTYPE structure as in previous formats.
- However, that cannot provide callers with the extended numbers. The
- library uses a similar but hidden data structure TERMTYPE2 to provide
+ However, that cannot provide callers with the extended numbers. The
+ library uses a similar but hidden data structure TERMTYPE2 to provide
data for the terminfo functions.
- Note that it is possible for setupterm to expect a different set of
- capabilities than are actually present in the file. Either the data-
+ Note that it is possible for setupterm to expect a different set of
+ capabilities than are actually present in the file. Either the data-
base may have been updated since setupterm has been recompiled (result-
- ing in extra unrecognized entries in the file) or the program may have
- been recompiled more recently than the database was updated (resulting
- in missing entries). The routine setupterm must be prepared for both
- possibilities - this is why the numbers and sizes are included. Also,
- new capabilities must always be added at the end of the lists of bool-
+ ing in extra unrecognized entries in the file) or the program may have
+ been recompiled more recently than the database was updated (resulting
+ in missing entries). The routine setupterm must be prepared for both
+ possibilities - this is why the numbers and sizes are included. Also,
+ new capabilities must always be added at the end of the lists of bool-
ean, number, and string capabilities.
- X/Open Curses does not specify a format for the terminfo database.
- UNIX System V curses used a directory-tree of binary files, one per
+ X/Open Curses does not specify a format for the terminfo database.
+ UNIX System V curses used a directory-tree of binary files, one per
terminal description.
- Despite the consistent use of little-endian for numbers and the other-
- wise self-describing format, it is not wise to count on portability of
- binary terminfo entries between commercial UNIX versions. The problem
- is that there are at least three versions of terminfo (under HP-UX,
- AIX, and OSF/1) which diverged from System V terminfo after SVr1, and
- have added extension capabilities to the string table that (in the
- binary format) collide with System V and XSI Curses extensions. See
- terminfo(5) for detailed discussion of terminfo source compatibility
+ Despite the consistent use of little-endian for numbers and the other-
+ wise self-describing format, it is not wise to count on portability of
+ binary terminfo entries between commercial UNIX versions. The problem
+ is that there are at least three versions of terminfo (under HP-UX,
+ AIX, and OSF/1) which diverged from System V terminfo after SVr1, and
+ have added extension capabilities to the string table that (in the
+ binary format) collide with System V and XSI Curses extensions. See
+ terminfo(5) for detailed discussion of terminfo source compatibility
issues.
- This implementation is by default compatible with the binary terminfo
- format used by Solaris curses, except in a few less-used details where
- it was found that the latter did not match X/Open Curses. The format
+ This implementation is by default compatible with the binary terminfo
+ format used by Solaris curses, except in a few less-used details where
+ it was found that the latter did not match X/Open Curses. The format
used by the other Unix versions can be matched by building ncurses with
different configuration options.
- The magic number in a binary terminfo file is the first 16-bits (two
- bytes). Besides making it more reliable for the library to check that
- a file is terminfo, utilities such as file also use that to tell what
- the file-format is. System V defined more than one magic number, with
+ The magic number in a binary terminfo file is the first 16-bits (two
+ bytes). Besides making it more reliable for the library to check that
+ a file is terminfo, utilities such as file also use that to tell what
+ the file-format is. System V defined more than one magic number, with
0433, 0435 as screen-dumps (see scr_dump(5)). This implementation uses
- 01036 as a continuation of that sequence, but with a different high-
+ 01036 as a continuation of that sequence, but with a different high-
order byte to avoid confusion.
Direct access to the TERMTYPE structure is provided for legacy applica-
- tions. Portable applications should use the tigetflag and related
+ tions. Portable applications should use the tigetflag and related
functions described in curs_terminfo(3x) for reading terminal capabili-
ties.
- A small number of terminal descriptions use uppercase characters in
- their names. If the underlying filesystem ignores the difference
- between uppercase and lowercase, ncurses represents the "first charac-
+ A small number of terminal descriptions use uppercase characters in
+ their names. If the underlying filesystem ignores the difference
+ between uppercase and lowercase, ncurses represents the "first charac-
ter" of the terminal name used as the intermediate level of a directory
tree in (two-character) hexadecimal form.
@@ -316,14 +347,19 @@
Some limitations:
- o total compiled entries cannot exceed 4096 bytes in the legacy for-
+ o total compiled entries cannot exceed 4096 bytes in the legacy for-
mat.
- o total compiled entries cannot exceed 32768 bytes in the extended
+ o total compiled entries cannot exceed 32768 bytes in the extended
format.
o the name field cannot exceed 128 bytes.
+ Compiled entries are limited to 32768 bytes because offsets into the
+ strings table use two-byte integers. The legacy format could have sup-
+ ported 32768-byte entries, but was limited a virtual memory page's 4096
+ bytes.
+
/usr/share/terminfo/*/* compiled terminal capability data base