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43 <H1 class="no-header">curs_mouse 3x 2024-05-25 ncurses 6.5 Library calls</H1>
45 <STRONG><A HREF="curs_mouse.3x.html">curs_mouse(3x)</A></STRONG> Library calls <STRONG><A HREF="curs_mouse.3x.html">curs_mouse(3x)</A></STRONG>
50 </PRE><H2><a name="h2-NAME">NAME</a></H2><PRE>
51 <STRONG>has_mouse</STRONG>, <STRONG>getmouse</STRONG>, <STRONG>ungetmouse</STRONG>, <STRONG>mousemask</STRONG>, <STRONG>wenclose</STRONG>, <STRONG>mouse_trafo</STRONG>,
52 <STRONG>wmouse_trafo</STRONG>, <STRONG>mouseinterval</STRONG> - get mouse events in <EM>curses</EM>
55 </PRE><H2><a name="h2-SYNOPSIS">SYNOPSIS</a></H2><PRE>
56 <STRONG>#include</STRONG> <STRONG><curses.h></STRONG>
58 <STRONG>typedef</STRONG> <STRONG>unsigned</STRONG> <STRONG>long</STRONG> <STRONG>mmask_t;</STRONG>
60 <STRONG>typedef</STRONG> <STRONG>struct</STRONG> <STRONG>{</STRONG>
61 <STRONG>short</STRONG> <STRONG>id;</STRONG> <EM>/*</EM> <EM>ID</EM> <EM>to</EM> <EM>distinguish</EM> <EM>multiple</EM> <EM>devices</EM> <EM>*/</EM>
62 <STRONG>int</STRONG> <STRONG>x,</STRONG> <STRONG>y,</STRONG> <STRONG>z;</STRONG> <EM>/*</EM> <EM>event</EM> <EM>coordinates</EM> <EM>*/</EM>
63 <STRONG>mmask_t</STRONG> <STRONG>bstate;</STRONG> <EM>/*</EM> <EM>button</EM> <EM>state</EM> <EM>bits</EM> <EM>*/</EM>
64 <STRONG>}</STRONG> <STRONG>MEVENT;</STRONG>
66 <STRONG>bool</STRONG> <STRONG>has_mouse(void);</STRONG>
68 <STRONG>mmask_t</STRONG> <STRONG>mousemask(mmask_t</STRONG> <EM>newmask</EM><STRONG>,</STRONG> <STRONG>mmask_t</STRONG> <STRONG>*</STRONG><EM>oldmask</EM><STRONG>);</STRONG>
70 <STRONG>int</STRONG> <STRONG>getmouse(MEVENT</STRONG> <STRONG>*</STRONG><EM>event</EM><STRONG>);</STRONG>
71 <STRONG>int</STRONG> <STRONG>ungetmouse(MEVENT</STRONG> <STRONG>*</STRONG><EM>event</EM><STRONG>);</STRONG>
73 <STRONG>bool</STRONG> <STRONG>wenclose(const</STRONG> <STRONG>WINDOW</STRONG> <STRONG>*</STRONG><EM>win</EM><STRONG>,</STRONG> <STRONG>int</STRONG> <EM>y</EM><STRONG>,</STRONG> <STRONG>int</STRONG> <EM>x</EM><STRONG>);</STRONG>
75 <STRONG>bool</STRONG> <STRONG>mouse_trafo(int*</STRONG> <EM>pY</EM><STRONG>,</STRONG> <STRONG>int*</STRONG> <EM>pX</EM><STRONG>,</STRONG> <STRONG>bool</STRONG> <EM>to</EM><STRONG>_</STRONG><EM>screen</EM><STRONG>);</STRONG>
76 <STRONG>bool</STRONG> <STRONG>wmouse_trafo(const</STRONG> <STRONG>WINDOW*</STRONG> <EM>win</EM><STRONG>,</STRONG>
77 <STRONG>int*</STRONG> <EM>pY</EM><STRONG>,</STRONG> <STRONG>int*</STRONG> <EM>pX</EM><STRONG>,</STRONG> <STRONG>bool</STRONG> <EM>to</EM><STRONG>_</STRONG><EM>screen</EM><STRONG>);</STRONG>
79 <STRONG>int</STRONG> <STRONG>mouseinterval(int</STRONG> <EM>erval</EM><STRONG>);</STRONG>
82 </PRE><H2><a name="h2-DESCRIPTION">DESCRIPTION</a></H2><PRE>
83 These functions provide an interface to mouse events from <STRONG><A HREF="ncurses.3x.html">ncurses(3x)</A></STRONG>.
84 Mouse events are represented by <STRONG>KEY_MOUSE</STRONG> pseudo-key values in the
85 <STRONG><A HREF="curs_getch.3x.html">wgetch(3x)</A></STRONG> input stream.
88 </PRE><H3><a name="h3-has_mouse">has_mouse</a></H3><PRE>
89 The <STRONG>has_mouse</STRONG> function returns <STRONG>TRUE</STRONG> if the mouse driver has been
90 successfully initialized, and <STRONG>FALSE</STRONG> otherwise.
92 Mouse events are ignored when input is in cooked mode, and cause an
93 error beep when cooked mode is being simulated in a window by a
94 function such as <STRONG>getstr</STRONG> that expects a linefeed for input-loop
98 </PRE><H3><a name="h3-mousemask">mousemask</a></H3><PRE>
99 To make mouse events visible, use the <STRONG>mousemask</STRONG> function. This sets
100 the mouse events to be reported. By default, no mouse events are
103 <STRONG>o</STRONG> The function returns an updated copy of <EM>newmask</EM> to indicate which
104 of the specified mouse events can be reported.
106 If the screen has not been initialized, or if the terminal does not
107 support mouse-events, this function returns 0.
109 <STRONG>o</STRONG> If <EM>oldmask</EM> is non-<STRONG>NULL</STRONG>, this function fills the indicated location
110 with the previous value of the current screen's mouse event mask.
112 As a side effect, setting a zero mouse mask may turn off the mouse
113 pointer; setting a nonzero mask may turn it on. Whether this happens
117 </PRE><H3><a name="h3-Mouse-Events">Mouse Events</a></H3><PRE>
118 Here are the mouse event type masks which may be defined:
120 <STRONG>Name</STRONG> <STRONG>Description</STRONG>
121 ------------------------------------------------------------------------
122 <STRONG>BUTTON1_PRESSED</STRONG> mouse button 1 down
123 <STRONG>BUTTON1_RELEASED</STRONG> mouse button 1 up
124 <STRONG>BUTTON1_CLICKED</STRONG> mouse button 1 clicked
125 <STRONG>BUTTON1_DOUBLE_CLICKED</STRONG> mouse button 1 double clicked
126 <STRONG>BUTTON1_TRIPLE_CLICKED</STRONG> mouse button 1 triple clicked
127 ------------------------------------------------------------------------
128 <STRONG>BUTTON2_PRESSED</STRONG> mouse button 2 down
129 <STRONG>BUTTON2_RELEASED</STRONG> mouse button 2 up
130 <STRONG>BUTTON2_CLICKED</STRONG> mouse button 2 clicked
131 <STRONG>BUTTON2_DOUBLE_CLICKED</STRONG> mouse button 2 double clicked
132 <STRONG>BUTTON2_TRIPLE_CLICKED</STRONG> mouse button 2 triple clicked
133 ------------------------------------------------------------------------
134 <STRONG>BUTTON3_PRESSED</STRONG> mouse button 3 down
135 <STRONG>BUTTON3_RELEASED</STRONG> mouse button 3 up
136 <STRONG>BUTTON3_CLICKED</STRONG> mouse button 3 clicked
137 <STRONG>BUTTON3_DOUBLE_CLICKED</STRONG> mouse button 3 double clicked
138 <STRONG>BUTTON3_TRIPLE_CLICKED</STRONG> mouse button 3 triple clicked
139 ------------------------------------------------------------------------
140 <STRONG>BUTTON4_PRESSED</STRONG> mouse button 4 down
141 <STRONG>BUTTON4_RELEASED</STRONG> mouse button 4 up
142 <STRONG>BUTTON4_CLICKED</STRONG> mouse button 4 clicked
143 <STRONG>BUTTON4_DOUBLE_CLICKED</STRONG> mouse button 4 double clicked
144 <STRONG>BUTTON4_TRIPLE_CLICKED</STRONG> mouse button 4 triple clicked
145 ------------------------------------------------------------------------
146 <STRONG>BUTTON5_PRESSED</STRONG> mouse button 5 down
147 <STRONG>BUTTON5_RELEASED</STRONG> mouse button 5 up
148 <STRONG>BUTTON5_CLICKED</STRONG> mouse button 5 clicked
149 <STRONG>BUTTON5_DOUBLE_CLICKED</STRONG> mouse button 5 double clicked
150 <STRONG>BUTTON5_TRIPLE_CLICKED</STRONG> mouse button 5 triple clicked
151 ------------------------------------------------------------------------
152 <STRONG>BUTTON_SHIFT</STRONG> shift was down during button state change
153 <STRONG>BUTTON_CTRL</STRONG> control was down during button state change
154 <STRONG>BUTTON_ALT</STRONG> alt was down during button state change
155 <STRONG>ALL_MOUSE_EVENTS</STRONG> report all button state changes
156 <STRONG>REPORT_MOUSE_POSITION</STRONG> report mouse movement
157 ------------------------------------------------------------------------
160 </PRE><H3><a name="h3-getmouse">getmouse</a></H3><PRE>
161 Once a class of mouse events has been made visible in a window, calling
162 the <STRONG>wgetch</STRONG> function on that window may return <STRONG>KEY_MOUSE</STRONG> as an indicator
163 that a mouse event has been queued. To read the event data and pop the
164 event off the queue, call <STRONG>getmouse</STRONG>. This function will return <STRONG>OK</STRONG> if a
165 mouse event is actually visible in the given window, <STRONG>ERR</STRONG> otherwise.
166 When <STRONG>getmouse</STRONG> returns <STRONG>OK</STRONG>, the data deposited as y and x in the event
167 structure coordinates will be screen-relative character-cell
168 coordinates. The returned state mask will have exactly one bit set to
169 indicate the event type. The corresponding data in the queue is marked
170 invalid. A subsequent call to <STRONG>getmouse</STRONG> will retrieve the next older
174 </PRE><H3><a name="h3-ungetmouse">ungetmouse</a></H3><PRE>
175 The <STRONG>ungetmouse</STRONG> function behaves analogously to <STRONG>ungetch</STRONG>. It pushes a
176 <STRONG>KEY_MOUSE</STRONG> event onto the input queue, and associates with that event
177 the given state data and screen-relative character-cell coordinates.
180 </PRE><H3><a name="h3-wenclose">wenclose</a></H3><PRE>
181 The <STRONG>wenclose</STRONG> function tests whether a given pair of screen-relative
182 character-cell coordinates is enclosed by a given window, returning
183 <STRONG>TRUE</STRONG> if it is and <STRONG>FALSE</STRONG> otherwise. It is useful for determining what
184 subset of the screen windows enclose the location of a mouse event.
186 If the parameter is a pad, <STRONG>wenclose</STRONG> uses the most recent screen
187 coordinates used for this pad in <STRONG><A HREF="curs_pad.3x.html">prefresh(3x)</A></STRONG> or <STRONG><A HREF="curs_pad.3x.html">pnoutrefresh(3x)</A></STRONG>.
190 </PRE><H3><a name="h3-wmouse_trafo">wmouse_trafo</a></H3><PRE>
191 The <STRONG>wmouse_trafo</STRONG> function transforms a given pair of coordinates from
192 <STRONG>stdscr</STRONG>-relative coordinates to coordinates relative to the given window
193 or vice versa. The resulting <STRONG>stdscr</STRONG>-relative coordinates are not
194 always identical to screen coordinates due to the mechanism to reserve
195 lines on top or bottom of the screen for other purposes (see the
196 <STRONG><A HREF="curs_kernel.3x.html">ripoffline(3x)</A></STRONG> and <STRONG><A HREF="curs_slk.3x.html">slk_init(3x)</A></STRONG> calls, for example).
198 <STRONG>o</STRONG> If the parameter <EM>to</EM><STRONG>_</STRONG><EM>screen</EM> is <STRONG>TRUE</STRONG>, the pointers <EM>pY,</EM> <EM>pX</EM> must
199 reference the coordinates of a location inside the window <EM>win</EM>.
200 They are converted to <STRONG>stdscr</STRONG>-relative coordinates and returned
201 through the pointers. If the conversion was successful, the
202 function returns <STRONG>TRUE</STRONG>.
204 If one of the parameters was <STRONG>NULL</STRONG> or the location is not inside the
205 window, <STRONG>FALSE</STRONG> is returned.
207 <STRONG>o</STRONG> If <EM>to</EM><STRONG>_</STRONG><EM>screen</EM> is <STRONG>FALSE</STRONG>, the pointers <EM>pY,</EM> <EM>pX</EM> must reference
208 <STRONG>stdscr</STRONG>-relative coordinates. They are converted to window-relative
209 coordinates if the window <EM>win</EM> encloses this point. In this case
210 the function returns <STRONG>TRUE</STRONG>.
212 If one of the parameters is <STRONG>NULL</STRONG> or the point is not inside the
213 window, <STRONG>FALSE</STRONG> is returned.
215 The referenced coordinates are only replaced by the converted
216 coordinates if the transformation was successful.
219 </PRE><H3><a name="h3-mouse_trafo">mouse_trafo</a></H3><PRE>
220 The <STRONG>mouse_trafo</STRONG> function performs the same translation as <STRONG>wmouse_trafo</STRONG>,
221 using <STRONG>stdscr</STRONG> for <EM>win</EM>.
224 </PRE><H3><a name="h3-mouseinterval">mouseinterval</a></H3><PRE>
225 The <STRONG>mouseinterval</STRONG> function sets the maximum time (in thousandths of a
226 second) that can elapse between press and release events for them to be
227 resolved as a <EM>click</EM>. An application might interpret button press and
228 release events separated by more than the mouse interval as a "long
229 press", or, with motion, as a "drag".
231 Calling <STRONG>mouseinterval(0)</STRONG> disables click resolution. When <EM>ncurses</EM>
232 detects a mouse event, it awaits further input activity up to this
233 interval, and then checks for a subsequent mouse event which can be
234 combined with the first event. If the timeout expires without input
235 activity (which would happen with a zero interval), then no click
236 resolution will occur.
238 This function returns the previous interval value. Use
239 <STRONG>mouseinterval(-1)</STRONG> to obtain the interval without altering it.
241 The mouse interval is set to one sixth of a second when the
242 corresponding screen is initialized, e.g., in <STRONG><A HREF="curs_initscr.3x.html">initscr(3x)</A></STRONG> or
243 <STRONG><A HREF="curs_terminfo.3x.html">setupterm(3x)</A></STRONG>.
246 </PRE><H2><a name="h2-RETURN-VALUE">RETURN VALUE</a></H2><PRE>
247 <STRONG>has_mouse</STRONG>, <STRONG>wenclose</STRONG>, <STRONG>mouse_trafo</STRONG>, and <STRONG>wmouse_trafo</STRONG> return <STRONG>TRUE</STRONG> or <STRONG>FALSE</STRONG>
250 <STRONG>getmouse</STRONG> and <STRONG>ungetmouse</STRONG> return <STRONG>ERR</STRONG> upon failure and <STRONG>OK</STRONG> upon success.
252 <STRONG>getmouse</STRONG> fails if:
254 <STRONG>o</STRONG> no mouse driver was initialized,
256 <STRONG>o</STRONG> the mask of reportable events is zero,
258 <STRONG>o</STRONG> a mouse event was detected that does not match the mask,
260 <STRONG>o</STRONG> or if no more events remain in the queue.
262 <STRONG>ungetmouse</STRONG> returns <STRONG>ERR</STRONG> if the event queue is full.
264 <STRONG>mousemask</STRONG> returns the mask of reportable events.
266 <STRONG>mouseinterval</STRONG> returns the previous interval value, unless the terminal
267 was not initialized. In that case, it returns the maximum interval
271 </PRE><H2><a name="h2-NOTES">NOTES</a></H2><PRE>
272 The order of the <STRONG>MEVENT</STRONG> structure members is not guaranteed.
273 Additional fields may be added to the structure in the future.
275 Under <EM>ncurses</EM>, these calls are implemented using either <EM>xterm</EM>'s built-
276 in mouse-tracking API or platform-specific drivers including
278 <STRONG>o</STRONG> Alessandro Rubini's gpm server
280 <STRONG>o</STRONG> FreeBSD sysmouse
282 <STRONG>o</STRONG> OS/2 EMX
284 If you are using an unsupported configuration, mouse events will not be
285 visible to <EM>ncurses</EM> (and the <STRONG>mousemask</STRONG> function will always return <STRONG>0</STRONG>).
287 If the <EM>terminfo</EM> entry contains a <STRONG>XM</STRONG> string, this is used in the <EM>xterm</EM>
288 mouse driver to control the way the terminal is initialized for mouse
289 operation. The default, if <STRONG>XM</STRONG> is not found, corresponds to private
290 mode 1000 of <EM>xterm:</EM>
292 \E[?1000%?%p1%{1}%=%th%el%;
294 The mouse driver also recognizes a newer <EM>xterm</EM> private mode 1006, e.g.,
296 \E[?1006;1000%?%p1%{1}%=%th%el%;
298 The <EM>z</EM> member in the event structure is not presently used. It is
299 intended for use with touch screens (which may be pressure-sensitive)
300 or with 3D-mice/trackballs/power gloves.
302 The <STRONG>ALL_MOUSE_EVENTS</STRONG> class does not include <STRONG>REPORT_MOUSE_POSITION</STRONG>.
303 They are distinct. For example, in <EM>xterm</EM>, wheel/scrolling mice send
304 position reports as a sequence of presses of buttons 4 or 5 without
305 matching button-releases.
308 </PRE><H2><a name="h2-EXTENSIONS">EXTENSIONS</a></H2><PRE>
309 These functions were designed for <STRONG><A HREF="ncurses.3x.html">ncurses(3x)</A></STRONG>, and are not found in
310 SVr4 <EM>curses</EM>, 4.4BSD <EM>curses</EM>, or any other previous curses
311 implementation. (SVr4 <EM>curses</EM> did have a <EM>getmouse</EM> function, which took
312 no argument and returned a different type.)
315 </PRE><H2><a name="h2-PORTABILITY">PORTABILITY</a></H2><PRE>
316 Applications employing the <EM>ncurses</EM> mouse extension should condition its
317 use on the visibility of the <STRONG>NCURSES_MOUSE_VERSION</STRONG> preprocessor macro.
318 When the interface changes, the macro's value increments. Multiple
319 versions are available when <EM>ncurses</EM> is configured; see section
320 "ALTERNATE CONFIGURATIONS" of <STRONG><A HREF="ncurses.3x.html">ncurses(3x)</A></STRONG>. The following values may be
323 1 has definitions for reserved events. The mask uses 28 bits.
325 2 adds definitions for button 5, removes the definitions for
326 reserved events. The mask uses 29 bits.
328 SVr4 <EM>curses</EM> had support for the mouse in a variant of <STRONG>xterm(1)</STRONG>. It is
329 mentioned in a few places, with little supporting documentation.
331 <STRONG>o</STRONG> Its "libcurses" manual page lists functions for this feature
332 prototyped in <EM>curses.h</EM>.
334 extern int mouse_set(long int);
335 extern int mouse_on(long int);
336 extern int mouse_off(long int);
337 extern int request_mouse_pos(void);
338 extern int map_button(unsigned long);
339 extern void wmouse_position(WINDOW *, int *, int *);
340 extern unsigned long getmouse(void), getbmap(void);
342 <STRONG>o</STRONG> Its "terminfo" manual page lists capabilities for the feature.
344 <STRONG>buttons</STRONG> <STRONG>btns</STRONG> <STRONG>BT</STRONG> Number of buttons on the mouse
345 <STRONG>get_mouse</STRONG> <STRONG>getm</STRONG> <STRONG>Gm</STRONG> Curses should get button events
346 <STRONG>key_mouse</STRONG> <STRONG>kmous</STRONG> <STRONG>Km</STRONG> 0631, Mouse event has occurred
347 <STRONG>mouse_info</STRONG> <STRONG>minfo</STRONG> <STRONG>Mi</STRONG> Mouse status information
348 <STRONG>req_mouse_pos</STRONG> <STRONG>reqmp</STRONG> <STRONG>RQ</STRONG> Request mouse position report
350 <STRONG>o</STRONG> The interface made assumptions (as does <EM>ncurses</EM>) about the escape
351 sequences sent to and received from the terminal.
353 For instance, the SVr4 <EM>curses</EM> library used the <STRONG>get_mouse</STRONG> capability
354 to tell the terminal which mouse button events it should send,
355 passing the mouse-button bit mask to the terminal. Also, it could
356 ask the terminal where the mouse was using the <STRONG>req_mouse_pos</STRONG>
359 Those features required a terminal program that had been modified
360 to work with SVr4 <EM>curses</EM>. They were not part of the X Consortium's
363 When developing the <EM>xterm</EM> mouse support for <EM>ncurses</EM> in September 1995,
364 Eric Raymond was uninterested in using the same interface due to its
365 lack of documentation. Later, in 1998, Mark Hesseling provided support
366 in <EM>PDCurses</EM> 2.3 using the SVr4 interface. <EM>PDCurses</EM>, however, does not
367 use video terminals, making it unnecessary to be concerned about
368 compatibility with the escape sequences.
371 </PRE><H2><a name="h2-BUGS">BUGS</a></H2><PRE>
372 Mouse events from <EM>xterm</EM> are <EM>not</EM> ignored in cooked mode if they have
373 been enabled by <STRONG>mousemask</STRONG>. Instead, the <EM>xterm</EM> mouse report sequence
374 appears in the string read.
376 An <EM>ncurses</EM> window must enable <STRONG><A HREF="curs_inopts.3x.html">keypad(3x)</A></STRONG> to correctly receive mouse
377 event reports from <EM>xterm</EM> since they are encoded like function keys.
378 Set the terminal's <EM>terminfo</EM> capability <STRONG>kmous</STRONG> to "\E[M" (the beginning
379 of the response from <EM>xterm</EM> for mouse clicks). Other values of <STRONG>kmous</STRONG>
380 are permitted under the same assumption, that is, the report begins
383 Because there are no standard response sequences that serve to identify
384 terminals supporting the <EM>xterm</EM> mouse protocol, <EM>ncurses</EM> assumes that if
385 <STRONG>kmous</STRONG> is defined in the terminal description, or if the terminal type's
386 primary name or aliases contain the string "xterm", then the terminal
387 may send mouse events. The <STRONG>kmous</STRONG> capability is checked first, allowing
388 use of newer <EM>xterm</EM> mouse protocols, such as its private mode 1006.
391 </PRE><H2><a name="h2-SEE-ALSO">SEE ALSO</a></H2><PRE>
392 <STRONG><A HREF="ncurses.3x.html">curses(3x)</A></STRONG>, <STRONG><A HREF="curs_inopts.3x.html">curs_inopts(3x)</A></STRONG>, <STRONG><A HREF="curs_kernel.3x.html">curs_kernel(3x)</A></STRONG>, <STRONG><A HREF="curs_pad.3x.html">curs_pad(3x)</A></STRONG>,
393 <STRONG><A HREF="curs_slk.3x.html">curs_slk(3x)</A></STRONG>, <STRONG><A HREF="curs_variables.3x.html">curs_variables(3x)</A></STRONG>
397 ncurses 6.5 2024-05-25 <STRONG><A HREF="curs_mouse.3x.html">curs_mouse(3x)</A></STRONG>
401 <li><a href="#h2-NAME">NAME</a></li>
402 <li><a href="#h2-SYNOPSIS">SYNOPSIS</a></li>
403 <li><a href="#h2-DESCRIPTION">DESCRIPTION</a>
405 <li><a href="#h3-has_mouse">has_mouse</a></li>
406 <li><a href="#h3-mousemask">mousemask</a></li>
407 <li><a href="#h3-Mouse-Events">Mouse Events</a></li>
408 <li><a href="#h3-getmouse">getmouse</a></li>
409 <li><a href="#h3-ungetmouse">ungetmouse</a></li>
410 <li><a href="#h3-wenclose">wenclose</a></li>
411 <li><a href="#h3-wmouse_trafo">wmouse_trafo</a></li>
412 <li><a href="#h3-mouse_trafo">mouse_trafo</a></li>
413 <li><a href="#h3-mouseinterval">mouseinterval</a></li>
416 <li><a href="#h2-RETURN-VALUE">RETURN VALUE</a></li>
417 <li><a href="#h2-NOTES">NOTES</a></li>
418 <li><a href="#h2-EXTENSIONS">EXTENSIONS</a></li>
419 <li><a href="#h2-PORTABILITY">PORTABILITY</a></li>
420 <li><a href="#h2-BUGS">BUGS</a></li>
421 <li><a href="#h2-SEE-ALSO">SEE ALSO</a></li>