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30 * @Id: curs_attr.3x,v 1.39 2013/09/21 20:39:49 Sven.Joachim Exp @
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42 <H1 class="no-header">curs_attr 3x</H1>
44 <STRONG><A HREF="curs_attr.3x.html">curs_attr(3x)</A></STRONG> <STRONG><A HREF="curs_attr.3x.html">curs_attr(3x)</A></STRONG>
50 <H2><a name="h2-NAME">NAME</a></H2><PRE>
51 <STRONG>attroff</STRONG>, <STRONG>wattroff</STRONG>, <STRONG>attron</STRONG>, <STRONG>wattron</STRONG>, <STRONG>attrset</STRONG>, <STRONG>wattrset</STRONG>,
52 <STRONG>color_set</STRONG>, <STRONG>wcolor_set</STRONG>, <STRONG>standend</STRONG>, <STRONG>wstandend</STRONG>, <STRONG>standout</STRONG>,
53 <STRONG>wstandout</STRONG>, <STRONG>attr_get</STRONG>, <STRONG>wattr_get</STRONG>, <STRONG>attr_off</STRONG>, <STRONG>wattr_off</STRONG>,
54 <STRONG>attr_on</STRONG>, <STRONG>wattr_on</STRONG>, <STRONG>attr_set</STRONG>, <STRONG>wattr_set</STRONG>, <STRONG>chgat</STRONG>, <STRONG>wchgat</STRONG>,
55 <STRONG>mvchgat</STRONG>, <STRONG>mvwchgat</STRONG>, <STRONG>PAIR_NUMBER</STRONG> - <STRONG>curses</STRONG> character and
56 window attribute control routines
60 <H2><a name="h2-SYNOPSIS">SYNOPSIS</a></H2><PRE>
61 <STRONG>#include</STRONG> <STRONG><curses.h></STRONG>
62 <STRONG>int</STRONG> <STRONG>attroff(int</STRONG> <STRONG>attrs);</STRONG>
63 <STRONG>int</STRONG> <STRONG>wattroff(WINDOW</STRONG> <STRONG>*win,</STRONG> <STRONG>int</STRONG> <STRONG>attrs);</STRONG>
64 <STRONG>int</STRONG> <STRONG>attron(int</STRONG> <STRONG>attrs);</STRONG>
65 <STRONG>int</STRONG> <STRONG>wattron(WINDOW</STRONG> <STRONG>*win,</STRONG> <STRONG>int</STRONG> <STRONG>attrs);</STRONG>
66 <STRONG>int</STRONG> <STRONG>attrset(int</STRONG> <STRONG>attrs);</STRONG>
67 <STRONG>int</STRONG> <STRONG>wattrset(WINDOW</STRONG> <STRONG>*win,</STRONG> <STRONG>int</STRONG> <STRONG>attrs);</STRONG>
68 <STRONG>int</STRONG> <STRONG>color_set(short</STRONG> <STRONG>color_pair_number,</STRONG> <STRONG>void*</STRONG> <STRONG>opts);</STRONG>
69 <STRONG>int</STRONG> <STRONG>wcolor_set(WINDOW</STRONG> <STRONG>*win,</STRONG> <STRONG>short</STRONG> <STRONG>color_pair_number,</STRONG>
70 <STRONG>void*</STRONG> <STRONG>opts);</STRONG>
71 <STRONG>int</STRONG> <STRONG>standend(void);</STRONG>
72 <STRONG>int</STRONG> <STRONG>wstandend(WINDOW</STRONG> <STRONG>*win);</STRONG>
73 <STRONG>int</STRONG> <STRONG>standout(void);</STRONG>
74 <STRONG>int</STRONG> <STRONG>wstandout(WINDOW</STRONG> <STRONG>*win);</STRONG>
75 <STRONG>int</STRONG> <STRONG>attr_get(attr_t</STRONG> <STRONG>*attrs,</STRONG> <STRONG>short</STRONG> <STRONG>*pair,</STRONG> <STRONG>void</STRONG> <STRONG>*opts);</STRONG>
76 <STRONG>int</STRONG> <STRONG>wattr_get(WINDOW</STRONG> <STRONG>*win,</STRONG> <STRONG>attr_t</STRONG> <STRONG>*attrs,</STRONG> <STRONG>short</STRONG> <STRONG>*pair,</STRONG>
77 <STRONG>void</STRONG> <STRONG>*opts);</STRONG>
78 <STRONG>int</STRONG> <STRONG>attr_off(attr_t</STRONG> <STRONG>attrs,</STRONG> <STRONG>void</STRONG> <STRONG>*opts);</STRONG>
79 <STRONG>int</STRONG> <STRONG>wattr_off(WINDOW</STRONG> <STRONG>*win,</STRONG> <STRONG>attr_t</STRONG> <STRONG>attrs,</STRONG> <STRONG>void</STRONG> <STRONG>*opts);</STRONG>
80 <STRONG>int</STRONG> <STRONG>attr_on(attr_t</STRONG> <STRONG>attrs,</STRONG> <STRONG>void</STRONG> <STRONG>*opts);</STRONG>
81 <STRONG>int</STRONG> <STRONG>wattr_on(WINDOW</STRONG> <STRONG>*win,</STRONG> <STRONG>attr_t</STRONG> <STRONG>attrs,</STRONG> <STRONG>void</STRONG> <STRONG>*opts);</STRONG>
82 <STRONG>int</STRONG> <STRONG>attr_set(attr_t</STRONG> <STRONG>attrs,</STRONG> <STRONG>short</STRONG> <STRONG>pair,</STRONG> <STRONG>void</STRONG> <STRONG>*opts);</STRONG>
83 <STRONG>int</STRONG> <STRONG>wattr_set(WINDOW</STRONG> <STRONG>*win,</STRONG> <STRONG>attr_t</STRONG> <STRONG>attrs,</STRONG> <STRONG>short</STRONG> <STRONG>pair,</STRONG> <STRONG>void</STRONG>
84 <STRONG>*opts);</STRONG>
85 <STRONG>int</STRONG> <STRONG>chgat(int</STRONG> <STRONG>n,</STRONG> <STRONG>attr_t</STRONG> <STRONG>attr,</STRONG> <STRONG>short</STRONG> <STRONG>color,</STRONG>
86 <STRONG>const</STRONG> <STRONG>void</STRONG> <STRONG>*opts)</STRONG>
87 <STRONG>int</STRONG> <STRONG>wchgat(WINDOW</STRONG> <STRONG>*win,</STRONG> <STRONG>int</STRONG> <STRONG>n,</STRONG> <STRONG>attr_t</STRONG> <STRONG>attr,</STRONG>
88 <STRONG>short</STRONG> <STRONG>color,</STRONG> <STRONG>const</STRONG> <STRONG>void</STRONG> <STRONG>*opts)</STRONG>
89 <STRONG>int</STRONG> <STRONG>mvchgat(int</STRONG> <STRONG>y,</STRONG> <STRONG>int</STRONG> <STRONG>x,</STRONG> <STRONG>int</STRONG> <STRONG>n,</STRONG> <STRONG>attr_t</STRONG> <STRONG>attr,</STRONG>
90 <STRONG>short</STRONG> <STRONG>color,</STRONG> <STRONG>const</STRONG> <STRONG>void</STRONG> <STRONG>*opts)</STRONG>
91 <STRONG>int</STRONG> <STRONG>mvwchgat(WINDOW</STRONG> <STRONG>*win,</STRONG> <STRONG>int</STRONG> <STRONG>y,</STRONG> <STRONG>int</STRONG> <STRONG>x,</STRONG> <STRONG>int</STRONG> <STRONG>n,</STRONG>
92 <STRONG>attr_t</STRONG> <STRONG>attr,</STRONG> <STRONG>short</STRONG> <STRONG>color,</STRONG> <STRONG>const</STRONG> <STRONG>void</STRONG> <STRONG>*opts)</STRONG>
96 <H2><a name="h2-DESCRIPTION">DESCRIPTION</a></H2><PRE>
97 These routines manipulate the current attributes of the
98 named window. The current attributes of a window apply to
99 all characters that are written into the window with <STRONG>wadd-</STRONG>
100 <STRONG>ch</STRONG>, <STRONG>waddstr</STRONG> and <STRONG>wprintw</STRONG>. Attributes are a property of the
101 character, and move with the character through any
102 scrolling and insert/delete line/character operations. To
103 the extent possible, they are displayed as appropriate
104 modifications to the graphic rendition of characters put
107 The routine <STRONG>attrset</STRONG> sets the current attributes of the
108 given window to <EM>attrs</EM>. The routine <STRONG>attroff</STRONG> turns off the
109 named attributes without turning any other attributes on
110 or off. The routine <STRONG>attron</STRONG> turns on the named attributes
111 without affecting any others. The routine <STRONG>standout</STRONG> is the
112 same as <STRONG>attron(A_STANDOUT)</STRONG>. The routine <STRONG>standend</STRONG> is the
113 same as <STRONG>attrset(A_NORMAL)</STRONG> or <STRONG>attrset(0)</STRONG>, that is, it turns
116 The <STRONG>attrset</STRONG> and related routines do not affect the at-
117 tributes used when erasing portions of the window. See
118 <STRONG><A HREF="curs_bkgd.3x.html">curs_bkgd(3x)</A></STRONG> for functions which modify the attributes
119 used for erasing and clearing.
121 The routine <STRONG>color_set</STRONG> sets the current color of the given
122 window to the foreground/background combination described
123 by the color_pair_number. The parameter opts is reserved
124 for future use, applications must supply a null pointer.
126 The routine <STRONG>wattr_get</STRONG> returns the current attribute and
127 color pair for the given window; <STRONG>attr_get</STRONG> returns the cur-
128 rent attribute and color pair for <STRONG>stdscr</STRONG>. The remaining
129 <STRONG>attr_</STRONG>* functions operate exactly like the corresponding
130 <STRONG>attr</STRONG>* functions, except that they take arguments of type
131 <STRONG>attr_t</STRONG> rather than <STRONG>int</STRONG>.
133 The routine <STRONG>chgat</STRONG> changes the attributes of a given number
134 of characters starting at the current cursor location of
135 <STRONG>stdscr</STRONG>. It does not update the cursor and does not per-
136 form wrapping. A character count of -1 or greater than
137 the remaining window width means to change attributes all
138 the way to the end of the current line. The <STRONG>wchgat</STRONG> func-
139 tion generalizes this to any window; the <STRONG>mvwchgat</STRONG> function
140 does a cursor move before acting. In these functions, the
141 color argument is a color-pair index (as in the first ar-
142 gument of <EM>init</EM><STRONG>_</STRONG><EM>pair</EM>, see <STRONG><A HREF="curs_color.3x.html">curs_color(3x)</A></STRONG>). The <STRONG>opts</STRONG> argu-
143 ment is not presently used, but is reserved for the future
144 (leave it <STRONG>NULL</STRONG>).
148 <H3><a name="h3-Attributes">Attributes</a></H3><PRE>
149 The following video attributes, defined in <STRONG><curses.h></STRONG>, can
150 be passed to the routines <STRONG>attron</STRONG>, <STRONG>attroff</STRONG>, and <STRONG>attrset</STRONG>, or
151 OR'd with the characters passed to <STRONG>addch</STRONG>.
153 <EM>Name</EM> <EM>Description</EM>
154 ------------------------------------------------------------
155 <STRONG>A_NORMAL</STRONG> Normal display (no highlight)
156 <STRONG>A_STANDOUT</STRONG> Best highlighting mode of the terminal.
157 <STRONG>A_UNDERLINE</STRONG> Underlining
158 <STRONG>A_REVERSE</STRONG> Reverse video
159 <STRONG>A_BLINK</STRONG> Blinking
160 <STRONG>A_DIM</STRONG> Half bright
161 <STRONG>A_BOLD</STRONG> Extra bright or bold
162 <STRONG>A_PROTECT</STRONG> Protected mode
163 <STRONG>A_INVIS</STRONG> Invisible or blank mode
164 <STRONG>A_ALTCHARSET</STRONG> Alternate character set
165 <STRONG>A_ITALIC</STRONG> Italics (non-X/Open extension)
166 <STRONG>A_CHARTEXT</STRONG> Bit-mask to extract a character
167 <STRONG>COLOR_PAIR(</STRONG><EM>n</EM><STRONG>)</STRONG> Color-pair number <EM>n</EM>
169 These video attributes are supported by <STRONG>attr_on</STRONG> and relat-
170 ed functions (which also support the attributes recognized
171 by <STRONG>attron</STRONG>, etc.):
173 <EM>Name</EM> <EM>Description</EM>
174 -----------------------------------------
175 <STRONG>WA_HORIZONTAL</STRONG> Horizontal highlight
176 <STRONG>WA_LEFT</STRONG> Left highlight
177 <STRONG>WA_LOW</STRONG> Low highlight
178 <STRONG>WA_RIGHT</STRONG> Right highlight
179 <STRONG>WA_TOP</STRONG> Top highlight
180 <STRONG>WA_VERTICAL</STRONG> Vertical highlight
184 The following macro is the reverse of <STRONG>COLOR_PAIR(</STRONG><EM>n</EM><STRONG>)</STRONG>:
186 <STRONG>PAIR_NUMBER(</STRONG><EM>attrs</EM>) Returns the pair number associated
187 with the <STRONG>COLOR_PAIR(</STRONG><EM>n</EM><STRONG>)</STRONG> attribute.
189 The return values of many of these routines are not mean-
190 ingful (they are implemented as macro-expanded assignments
191 and simply return their argument). The SVr4 manual page
192 claims (falsely) that these routines always return <STRONG>1</STRONG>.
196 <H2><a name="h2-NOTES">NOTES</a></H2><PRE>
197 Note that <STRONG>attroff</STRONG>, <STRONG>wattroff</STRONG>, <STRONG>attron</STRONG>, <STRONG>wattron</STRONG>, <STRONG>attrset</STRONG>,
198 <STRONG>wattrset</STRONG>, <STRONG>standend</STRONG> and <STRONG>standout</STRONG> may be macros.
200 <STRONG>COLOR_PAIR</STRONG> values can only be OR'd with attributes if the
201 pair number is less than 256. The alternate functions
202 such as <STRONG>color_set</STRONG> can pass a color pair value directly.
203 However, ncurses ABI 4 and 5 simply OR this value within
204 the alternate functions. You must use ncurses ABI 6 to
205 support more than 256 color pairs.
209 <H2><a name="h2-PORTABILITY">PORTABILITY</a></H2><PRE>
210 These functions are supported in the XSI Curses standard,
211 Issue 4. The standard defined the dedicated type for
212 highlights, <STRONG>attr_t</STRONG>, which is not defined in SVr4 curses.
213 The functions taking <STRONG>attr_t</STRONG> arguments are not supported
216 The XSI Curses standard states that whether the tradition-
217 al functions <STRONG>attron</STRONG>/<STRONG>attroff</STRONG>/<STRONG>attrset</STRONG> can manipulate at-
218 tributes other than <STRONG>A_BLINK</STRONG>, <STRONG>A_BOLD</STRONG>, <STRONG>A_DIM</STRONG>, <STRONG>A_REVERSE</STRONG>,
219 <STRONG>A_STANDOUT</STRONG>, or <STRONG>A_UNDERLINE</STRONG> is "unspecified". Under this
220 implementation as well as SVr4 curses, these functions
221 correctly manipulate all other highlights (specifically,
222 <STRONG>A_ALTCHARSET</STRONG>, <STRONG>A_PROTECT</STRONG>, and <STRONG>A_INVIS</STRONG>).
224 This implementation provides the <STRONG>A_ITALIC</STRONG> attribute for
225 terminals which have the <EM>enter</EM><STRONG>_</STRONG><EM>italics</EM><STRONG>_</STRONG><EM>mode</EM> (sitm) and <EM>ex-</EM>
226 <EM>it</EM><STRONG>_</STRONG><EM>italics</EM><STRONG>_</STRONG><EM>mode</EM> (ritm) capabilities. Italics are not men-
227 tioned in X/Open Curses. Unlike the other video at-
228 tributes, <STRONG>I_ITALIC</STRONG> is unrelated to the <EM>set</EM><STRONG>_</STRONG><EM>attributes</EM> ca-
229 pabilities. This implementation makes the assumption that
230 <EM>exit</EM><STRONG>_</STRONG><EM>attribute</EM><STRONG>_</STRONG><EM>mode</EM> may also reset italics.
232 XSI Curses added the new entry points, <STRONG>attr_get</STRONG>, <STRONG>attr_on</STRONG>,
233 <STRONG>attr_off</STRONG>, <STRONG>attr_set</STRONG>, <STRONG>wattr_on</STRONG>, <STRONG>wattr_off</STRONG>, <STRONG>wattr_get</STRONG>, <STRONG>wat-</STRONG>
234 <STRONG>tr_set</STRONG>. These are intended to work with a new series of
235 highlight macros prefixed with <STRONG>WA_</STRONG>. The older macros have
236 direct counterparts in the newer set of names:
238 <EM>Name</EM> <EM>Description</EM>
239 ------------------------------------------------------------
240 <STRONG>WA_NORMAL</STRONG> Normal display (no highlight)
241 <STRONG>WA_STANDOUT</STRONG> Best highlighting mode of the terminal.
242 <STRONG>WA_UNDERLINE</STRONG> Underlining
243 <STRONG>WA_REVERSE</STRONG> Reverse video
244 <STRONG>WA_BLINK</STRONG> Blinking
245 <STRONG>WA_DIM</STRONG> Half bright
246 <STRONG>WA_BOLD</STRONG> Extra bright or bold
247 <STRONG>WA_ALTCHARSET</STRONG> Alternate character set
249 Older versions of this library did not force an update of
250 the screen when changing the attributes. Use <STRONG>touchwin</STRONG> to
251 force the screen to match the updated attributes.
253 The XSI curses standard specifies that each pair of corre-
254 sponding <STRONG>A_</STRONG> and <STRONG>WA_</STRONG>-using functions operates on the same
255 current-highlight information.
257 The XSI standard extended conformance level adds new high-
258 lights <STRONG>A_HORIZONTAL</STRONG>, <STRONG>A_LEFT</STRONG>, <STRONG>A_LOW</STRONG>, <STRONG>A_RIGHT</STRONG>, <STRONG>A_TOP</STRONG>, <STRONG>A_VER-</STRONG>
259 <STRONG>TICAL</STRONG> (and corresponding <STRONG>WA_</STRONG> macros for each). As of Au-
260 gust 2013, no known terminal provides these highlights
261 (i.e., via the <STRONG>sgr1</STRONG> capability).
265 <H2><a name="h2-RETURN-VALUE">RETURN VALUE</a></H2><PRE>
266 All routines return the integer <STRONG>OK</STRONG> on success, or <STRONG>ERR</STRONG> on
269 X/Open does not define any error conditions.
271 This implementation returns an error if the window pointer
272 is null. The <STRONG>wcolor_set</STRONG> function returns an error if the
273 color pair parameter is outside the range 0..COL-
274 OR_PAIRS-1. This implementation also provides <STRONG>getattrs</STRONG>
275 for compatibility with older versions of curses.
277 Functions with a "mv" prefix first perform a cursor move-
278 ment using <STRONG>wmove</STRONG>, and return an error if the position is
279 outside the window, or if the window pointer is null.
283 <H2><a name="h2-SEE-ALSO">SEE ALSO</a></H2><PRE>
284 <STRONG><A HREF="ncurses.3x.html">curses(3x)</A></STRONG>, <STRONG><A HREF="curs_addch.3x.html">curs_addch(3x)</A></STRONG>, <STRONG><A HREF="curs_addstr.3x.html">curs_addstr(3x)</A></STRONG>,
285 <STRONG><A HREF="curs_bkgd.3x.html">curs_bkgd(3x)</A></STRONG>, <STRONG><A HREF="curs_printw.3x.html">curs_printw(3x)</A></STRONG>, <STRONG><A HREF="curs_variables.3x.html">curs_variables(3x)</A></STRONG>
289 <STRONG><A HREF="curs_attr.3x.html">curs_attr(3x)</A></STRONG>
293 <li><a href="#h2-NAME">NAME</a></li>
294 <li><a href="#h2-SYNOPSIS">SYNOPSIS</a></li>
295 <li><a href="#h2-DESCRIPTION">DESCRIPTION</a>
297 <li><a href="#h3-Attributes">Attributes</a></li>
300 <li><a href="#h2-NOTES">NOTES</a></li>
301 <li><a href="#h2-PORTABILITY">PORTABILITY</a></li>
302 <li><a href="#h2-RETURN-VALUE">RETURN VALUE</a></li>
303 <li><a href="#h2-SEE-ALSO">SEE ALSO</a></li>