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30   * @Id: curs_attr.3x,v 1.39 2013/09/21 20:39:49 Sven.Joachim Exp @
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42 <H1 class="no-header">curs_attr 3x</H1>
43 <PRE>
44 <STRONG><A HREF="curs_attr.3x.html">curs_attr(3x)</A></STRONG>                                             <STRONG><A HREF="curs_attr.3x.html">curs_attr(3x)</A></STRONG>
45
46
47
48
49 </PRE>
50 <H2><a name="h2-NAME">NAME</a></H2><PRE>
51        <STRONG>attroff</STRONG>, <STRONG>wattroff</STRONG>, <STRONG>attron</STRONG>, <STRONG>wattron</STRONG>, <STRONG>attrset</STRONG>, <STRONG>wattrset</STRONG>,
52        <STRONG>color_set</STRONG>, <STRONG>wcolor_set</STRONG>, <STRONG>standend</STRONG>, <STRONG>wstandend</STRONG>, <STRONG>standout</STRONG>,
53        <STRONG>wstandout</STRONG>, <STRONG>attr_get</STRONG>, <STRONG>wattr_get</STRONG>, <STRONG>attr_off</STRONG>, <STRONG>wattr_off</STRONG>,
54        <STRONG>attr_on</STRONG>, <STRONG>wattr_on</STRONG>, <STRONG>attr_set</STRONG>, <STRONG>wattr_set</STRONG>, <STRONG>chgat</STRONG>, <STRONG>wchgat</STRONG>,
55        <STRONG>mvchgat</STRONG>, <STRONG>mvwchgat</STRONG>, <STRONG>PAIR_NUMBER</STRONG> - <STRONG>curses</STRONG> character and
56        window attribute control routines
57
58
59 </PRE>
60 <H2><a name="h2-SYNOPSIS">SYNOPSIS</a></H2><PRE>
61        <STRONG>#include</STRONG> <STRONG>&lt;curses.h&gt;</STRONG>
62        <STRONG>int</STRONG> <STRONG>attroff(int</STRONG> <STRONG>attrs);</STRONG>
63        <STRONG>int</STRONG> <STRONG>wattroff(WINDOW</STRONG> <STRONG>*win,</STRONG> <STRONG>int</STRONG> <STRONG>attrs);</STRONG>
64        <STRONG>int</STRONG> <STRONG>attron(int</STRONG> <STRONG>attrs);</STRONG>
65        <STRONG>int</STRONG> <STRONG>wattron(WINDOW</STRONG> <STRONG>*win,</STRONG> <STRONG>int</STRONG> <STRONG>attrs);</STRONG>
66        <STRONG>int</STRONG> <STRONG>attrset(int</STRONG> <STRONG>attrs);</STRONG>
67        <STRONG>int</STRONG> <STRONG>wattrset(WINDOW</STRONG> <STRONG>*win,</STRONG> <STRONG>int</STRONG> <STRONG>attrs);</STRONG>
68        <STRONG>int</STRONG> <STRONG>color_set(short</STRONG> <STRONG>color_pair_number,</STRONG> <STRONG>void*</STRONG> <STRONG>opts);</STRONG>
69        <STRONG>int</STRONG> <STRONG>wcolor_set(WINDOW</STRONG> <STRONG>*win,</STRONG> <STRONG>short</STRONG> <STRONG>color_pair_number,</STRONG>
70              <STRONG>void*</STRONG> <STRONG>opts);</STRONG>
71        <STRONG>int</STRONG> <STRONG>standend(void);</STRONG>
72        <STRONG>int</STRONG> <STRONG>wstandend(WINDOW</STRONG> <STRONG>*win);</STRONG>
73        <STRONG>int</STRONG> <STRONG>standout(void);</STRONG>
74        <STRONG>int</STRONG> <STRONG>wstandout(WINDOW</STRONG> <STRONG>*win);</STRONG>
75        <STRONG>int</STRONG> <STRONG>attr_get(attr_t</STRONG> <STRONG>*attrs,</STRONG> <STRONG>short</STRONG> <STRONG>*pair,</STRONG> <STRONG>void</STRONG> <STRONG>*opts);</STRONG>
76        <STRONG>int</STRONG> <STRONG>wattr_get(WINDOW</STRONG> <STRONG>*win,</STRONG> <STRONG>attr_t</STRONG> <STRONG>*attrs,</STRONG> <STRONG>short</STRONG> <STRONG>*pair,</STRONG>
77               <STRONG>void</STRONG> <STRONG>*opts);</STRONG>
78        <STRONG>int</STRONG> <STRONG>attr_off(attr_t</STRONG> <STRONG>attrs,</STRONG> <STRONG>void</STRONG> <STRONG>*opts);</STRONG>
79        <STRONG>int</STRONG> <STRONG>wattr_off(WINDOW</STRONG> <STRONG>*win,</STRONG> <STRONG>attr_t</STRONG> <STRONG>attrs,</STRONG> <STRONG>void</STRONG> <STRONG>*opts);</STRONG>
80        <STRONG>int</STRONG> <STRONG>attr_on(attr_t</STRONG> <STRONG>attrs,</STRONG> <STRONG>void</STRONG> <STRONG>*opts);</STRONG>
81        <STRONG>int</STRONG> <STRONG>wattr_on(WINDOW</STRONG> <STRONG>*win,</STRONG> <STRONG>attr_t</STRONG> <STRONG>attrs,</STRONG> <STRONG>void</STRONG> <STRONG>*opts);</STRONG>
82        <STRONG>int</STRONG> <STRONG>attr_set(attr_t</STRONG> <STRONG>attrs,</STRONG> <STRONG>short</STRONG> <STRONG>pair,</STRONG> <STRONG>void</STRONG> <STRONG>*opts);</STRONG>
83        <STRONG>int</STRONG> <STRONG>wattr_set(WINDOW</STRONG> <STRONG>*win,</STRONG> <STRONG>attr_t</STRONG> <STRONG>attrs,</STRONG> <STRONG>short</STRONG> <STRONG>pair,</STRONG>  <STRONG>void</STRONG>
84        <STRONG>*opts);</STRONG>
85        <STRONG>int</STRONG> <STRONG>chgat(int</STRONG> <STRONG>n,</STRONG> <STRONG>attr_t</STRONG> <STRONG>attr,</STRONG> <STRONG>short</STRONG> <STRONG>color,</STRONG>
86              <STRONG>const</STRONG> <STRONG>void</STRONG> <STRONG>*opts)</STRONG>
87        <STRONG>int</STRONG> <STRONG>wchgat(WINDOW</STRONG> <STRONG>*win,</STRONG> <STRONG>int</STRONG> <STRONG>n,</STRONG> <STRONG>attr_t</STRONG> <STRONG>attr,</STRONG>
88              <STRONG>short</STRONG> <STRONG>color,</STRONG> <STRONG>const</STRONG> <STRONG>void</STRONG> <STRONG>*opts)</STRONG>
89        <STRONG>int</STRONG> <STRONG>mvchgat(int</STRONG> <STRONG>y,</STRONG> <STRONG>int</STRONG> <STRONG>x,</STRONG> <STRONG>int</STRONG> <STRONG>n,</STRONG> <STRONG>attr_t</STRONG> <STRONG>attr,</STRONG>
90              <STRONG>short</STRONG> <STRONG>color,</STRONG> <STRONG>const</STRONG> <STRONG>void</STRONG> <STRONG>*opts)</STRONG>
91        <STRONG>int</STRONG> <STRONG>mvwchgat(WINDOW</STRONG> <STRONG>*win,</STRONG> <STRONG>int</STRONG> <STRONG>y,</STRONG> <STRONG>int</STRONG> <STRONG>x,</STRONG> <STRONG>int</STRONG> <STRONG>n,</STRONG>
92              <STRONG>attr_t</STRONG> <STRONG>attr,</STRONG> <STRONG>short</STRONG> <STRONG>color,</STRONG> <STRONG>const</STRONG> <STRONG>void</STRONG> <STRONG>*opts)</STRONG>
93
94
95 </PRE>
96 <H2><a name="h2-DESCRIPTION">DESCRIPTION</a></H2><PRE>
97        These  routines  manipulate  the current attributes of the
98        named window.  The current attributes of a window apply to
99        all characters that are written into the window with <STRONG>wadd-</STRONG>
100        <STRONG>ch</STRONG>, <STRONG>waddstr</STRONG> and <STRONG>wprintw</STRONG>.  Attributes are a property of the
101        character,   and  move  with  the  character  through  any
102        scrolling and insert/delete line/character operations.  To
103        the  extent  possible,  they  are displayed as appropriate
104        modifications to the graphic rendition of  characters  put
105        on the screen.
106
107        The  routine  <STRONG>attrset</STRONG>  sets  the current attributes of the
108        given window to <EM>attrs</EM>.  The routine <STRONG>attroff</STRONG> turns off  the
109        named  attributes  without turning any other attributes on
110        or off.  The routine <STRONG>attron</STRONG> turns on the named  attributes
111        without affecting any others.  The routine <STRONG>standout</STRONG> is the
112        same as <STRONG>attron(A_STANDOUT)</STRONG>.  The routine <STRONG>standend</STRONG>  is  the
113        same as <STRONG>attrset(A_NORMAL)</STRONG> or <STRONG>attrset(0)</STRONG>, that is, it turns
114        off all attributes.
115
116        The <STRONG>attrset</STRONG> and related routines do  not  affect  the  at-
117        tributes  used  when  erasing portions of the window.  See
118        <STRONG><A HREF="curs_bkgd.3x.html">curs_bkgd(3x)</A></STRONG> for functions which  modify  the  attributes
119        used for erasing and clearing.
120
121        The  routine <STRONG>color_set</STRONG> sets the current color of the given
122        window to the foreground/background combination  described
123        by  the  color_pair_number. The parameter opts is reserved
124        for future use, applications must supply a null pointer.
125
126        The routine <STRONG>wattr_get</STRONG> returns the  current  attribute  and
127        color pair for the given window; <STRONG>attr_get</STRONG> returns the cur-
128        rent attribute and color pair for <STRONG>stdscr</STRONG>.   The  remaining
129        <STRONG>attr_</STRONG>*  functions  operate  exactly like the corresponding
130        <STRONG>attr</STRONG>* functions, except that they take arguments  of  type
131        <STRONG>attr_t</STRONG> rather than <STRONG>int</STRONG>.
132
133        The routine <STRONG>chgat</STRONG> changes the attributes of a given number
134        of characters starting at the current cursor  location  of
135        <STRONG>stdscr</STRONG>.   It  does not update the cursor and does not per-
136        form wrapping.  A character count of -1  or  greater  than
137        the  remaining window width means to change attributes all
138        the way to the end of the current line.  The <STRONG>wchgat</STRONG>  func-
139        tion generalizes this to any window; the <STRONG>mvwchgat</STRONG> function
140        does a cursor move before acting.  In these functions, the
141        color  argument is a color-pair index (as in the first ar-
142        gument of <EM>init</EM><STRONG>_</STRONG><EM>pair</EM>, see <STRONG><A HREF="curs_color.3x.html">curs_color(3x)</A></STRONG>).  The <STRONG>opts</STRONG>  argu-
143        ment is not presently used, but is reserved for the future
144        (leave it <STRONG>NULL</STRONG>).
145
146
147 </PRE>
148 <H3><a name="h3-Attributes">Attributes</a></H3><PRE>
149        The following video attributes, defined in <STRONG>&lt;curses.h&gt;</STRONG>, can
150        be passed to the routines <STRONG>attron</STRONG>, <STRONG>attroff</STRONG>, and <STRONG>attrset</STRONG>, or
151        OR'd with the characters passed to <STRONG>addch</STRONG>.
152
153               <EM>Name</EM>            <EM>Description</EM>
154               ------------------------------------------------------------
155               <STRONG>A_NORMAL</STRONG>        Normal display (no highlight)
156               <STRONG>A_STANDOUT</STRONG>      Best highlighting mode of the terminal.
157               <STRONG>A_UNDERLINE</STRONG>     Underlining
158               <STRONG>A_REVERSE</STRONG>       Reverse video
159               <STRONG>A_BLINK</STRONG>         Blinking
160               <STRONG>A_DIM</STRONG>           Half bright
161               <STRONG>A_BOLD</STRONG>          Extra bright or bold
162               <STRONG>A_PROTECT</STRONG>       Protected mode
163               <STRONG>A_INVIS</STRONG>         Invisible or blank mode
164               <STRONG>A_ALTCHARSET</STRONG>    Alternate character set
165               <STRONG>A_ITALIC</STRONG>        Italics (non-X/Open extension)
166               <STRONG>A_CHARTEXT</STRONG>      Bit-mask to extract a character
167               <STRONG>COLOR_PAIR(</STRONG><EM>n</EM><STRONG>)</STRONG>   Color-pair number <EM>n</EM>
168
169        These video attributes are supported by <STRONG>attr_on</STRONG> and relat-
170        ed functions (which also support the attributes recognized
171        by <STRONG>attron</STRONG>, etc.):
172
173               <EM>Name</EM>            <EM>Description</EM>
174               -----------------------------------------
175               <STRONG>WA_HORIZONTAL</STRONG>   Horizontal highlight
176               <STRONG>WA_LEFT</STRONG>         Left highlight
177               <STRONG>WA_LOW</STRONG>          Low highlight
178               <STRONG>WA_RIGHT</STRONG>        Right highlight
179               <STRONG>WA_TOP</STRONG>          Top highlight
180               <STRONG>WA_VERTICAL</STRONG>     Vertical highlight
181
182        For consistency
183
184        The following macro is the reverse of <STRONG>COLOR_PAIR(</STRONG><EM>n</EM><STRONG>)</STRONG>:
185
186        <STRONG>PAIR_NUMBER(</STRONG><EM>attrs</EM>) Returns the pair number associated
187                           with the <STRONG>COLOR_PAIR(</STRONG><EM>n</EM><STRONG>)</STRONG> attribute.
188
189        The return values of many of these routines are not  mean-
190        ingful (they are implemented as macro-expanded assignments
191        and simply return their argument).  The SVr4  manual  page
192        claims (falsely) that these routines always return <STRONG>1</STRONG>.
193
194
195 </PRE>
196 <H2><a name="h2-NOTES">NOTES</a></H2><PRE>
197        Note  that  <STRONG>attroff</STRONG>,  <STRONG>wattroff</STRONG>,  <STRONG>attron</STRONG>, <STRONG>wattron</STRONG>, <STRONG>attrset</STRONG>,
198        <STRONG>wattrset</STRONG>, <STRONG>standend</STRONG> and <STRONG>standout</STRONG> may be macros.
199
200        <STRONG>COLOR_PAIR</STRONG> values can only be OR'd with attributes if  the
201        pair  number  is  less  than 256.  The alternate functions
202        such as <STRONG>color_set</STRONG> can pass a color  pair  value  directly.
203        However,  ncurses  ABI 4 and 5 simply OR this value within
204        the alternate functions.  You must use ncurses  ABI  6  to
205        support more than 256 color pairs.
206
207
208 </PRE>
209 <H2><a name="h2-PORTABILITY">PORTABILITY</a></H2><PRE>
210        These  functions are supported in the XSI Curses standard,
211        Issue 4.  The standard  defined  the  dedicated  type  for
212        highlights,  <STRONG>attr_t</STRONG>,  which is not defined in SVr4 curses.
213        The functions taking <STRONG>attr_t</STRONG> arguments  are  not  supported
214        under SVr4.
215
216        The XSI Curses standard states that whether the tradition-
217        al functions  <STRONG>attron</STRONG>/<STRONG>attroff</STRONG>/<STRONG>attrset</STRONG>  can  manipulate  at-
218        tributes  other  than  <STRONG>A_BLINK</STRONG>,  <STRONG>A_BOLD</STRONG>, <STRONG>A_DIM</STRONG>, <STRONG>A_REVERSE</STRONG>,
219        <STRONG>A_STANDOUT</STRONG>, or <STRONG>A_UNDERLINE</STRONG> is "unspecified".   Under  this
220        implementation  as  well  as  SVr4 curses, these functions
221        correctly manipulate all other  highlights  (specifically,
222        <STRONG>A_ALTCHARSET</STRONG>, <STRONG>A_PROTECT</STRONG>, and <STRONG>A_INVIS</STRONG>).
223
224        This  implementation  provides  the <STRONG>A_ITALIC</STRONG> attribute for
225        terminals which have the <EM>enter</EM><STRONG>_</STRONG><EM>italics</EM><STRONG>_</STRONG><EM>mode</EM> (sitm) and <EM>ex-</EM>
226        <EM>it</EM><STRONG>_</STRONG><EM>italics</EM><STRONG>_</STRONG><EM>mode</EM> (ritm) capabilities.  Italics are not men-
227        tioned in X/Open  Curses.   Unlike  the  other  video  at-
228        tributes,  <STRONG>I_ITALIC</STRONG> is unrelated to the <EM>set</EM><STRONG>_</STRONG><EM>attributes</EM> ca-
229        pabilities.  This implementation makes the assumption that
230        <EM>exit</EM><STRONG>_</STRONG><EM>attribute</EM><STRONG>_</STRONG><EM>mode</EM> may also reset italics.
231
232        XSI  Curses added the new entry points, <STRONG>attr_get</STRONG>, <STRONG>attr_on</STRONG>,
233        <STRONG>attr_off</STRONG>, <STRONG>attr_set</STRONG>, <STRONG>wattr_on</STRONG>, <STRONG>wattr_off</STRONG>,  <STRONG>wattr_get</STRONG>,  <STRONG>wat-</STRONG>
234        <STRONG>tr_set</STRONG>.   These  are intended to work with a new series of
235        highlight macros prefixed with <STRONG>WA_</STRONG>.  The older macros have
236        direct counterparts in the newer set of names:
237
238               <EM>Name</EM>            <EM>Description</EM>
239               ------------------------------------------------------------
240               <STRONG>WA_NORMAL</STRONG>       Normal display (no highlight)
241               <STRONG>WA_STANDOUT</STRONG>     Best highlighting mode of the terminal.
242               <STRONG>WA_UNDERLINE</STRONG>    Underlining
243               <STRONG>WA_REVERSE</STRONG>      Reverse video
244               <STRONG>WA_BLINK</STRONG>        Blinking
245               <STRONG>WA_DIM</STRONG>          Half bright
246               <STRONG>WA_BOLD</STRONG>         Extra bright or bold
247               <STRONG>WA_ALTCHARSET</STRONG>   Alternate character set
248
249        Older  versions of this library did not force an update of
250        the screen when changing the attributes.  Use <STRONG>touchwin</STRONG>  to
251        force the screen to match the updated attributes.
252
253        The XSI curses standard specifies that each pair of corre-
254        sponding <STRONG>A_</STRONG> and <STRONG>WA_</STRONG>-using functions operates on  the  same
255        current-highlight information.
256
257        The XSI standard extended conformance level adds new high-
258        lights <STRONG>A_HORIZONTAL</STRONG>, <STRONG>A_LEFT</STRONG>, <STRONG>A_LOW</STRONG>, <STRONG>A_RIGHT</STRONG>, <STRONG>A_TOP</STRONG>, <STRONG>A_VER-</STRONG>
259        <STRONG>TICAL</STRONG>  (and corresponding <STRONG>WA_</STRONG> macros for each).  As of Au-
260        gust 2013, no known  terminal  provides  these  highlights
261        (i.e., via the <STRONG>sgr1</STRONG> capability).
262
263
264 </PRE>
265 <H2><a name="h2-RETURN-VALUE">RETURN VALUE</a></H2><PRE>
266        All  routines  return the integer <STRONG>OK</STRONG> on success, or <STRONG>ERR</STRONG> on
267        failure.
268
269        X/Open does not define any error conditions.
270
271        This implementation returns an error if the window pointer
272        is  null.  The <STRONG>wcolor_set</STRONG> function returns an error if the
273        color  pair  parameter  is  outside  the   range   0..COL-
274        OR_PAIRS-1.   This  implementation  also provides <STRONG>getattrs</STRONG>
275        for compatibility with older versions of curses.
276
277        Functions with a "mv" prefix first perform a cursor  move-
278        ment  using  <STRONG>wmove</STRONG>, and return an error if the position is
279        outside the window, or if the window pointer is null.
280
281
282 </PRE>
283 <H2><a name="h2-SEE-ALSO">SEE ALSO</a></H2><PRE>
284        <STRONG><A HREF="ncurses.3x.html">curses(3x)</A></STRONG>,        <STRONG><A HREF="curs_addch.3x.html">curs_addch(3x)</A></STRONG>,        <STRONG><A HREF="curs_addstr.3x.html">curs_addstr(3x)</A></STRONG>,
285        <STRONG><A HREF="curs_bkgd.3x.html">curs_bkgd(3x)</A></STRONG>, <STRONG><A HREF="curs_printw.3x.html">curs_printw(3x)</A></STRONG>, <STRONG><A HREF="curs_variables.3x.html">curs_variables(3x)</A></STRONG>
286
287
288
289                                                           <STRONG><A HREF="curs_attr.3x.html">curs_attr(3x)</A></STRONG>
290 </PRE>
291 <div class="nav">
292 <ul>
293 <li><a href="#h2-NAME">NAME</a></li>
294 <li><a href="#h2-SYNOPSIS">SYNOPSIS</a></li>
295 <li><a href="#h2-DESCRIPTION">DESCRIPTION</a>
296 <ul>
297 <li><a href="#h3-Attributes">Attributes</a></li>
298 </ul>
299 </li>
300 <li><a href="#h2-NOTES">NOTES</a></li>
301 <li><a href="#h2-PORTABILITY">PORTABILITY</a></li>
302 <li><a href="#h2-RETURN-VALUE">RETURN VALUE</a></li>
303 <li><a href="#h2-SEE-ALSO">SEE ALSO</a></li>
304 </ul>
305 </div>
306 </BODY>
307 </HTML>