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  42 <H1 class="no-header">curs_printw 3x</H1>
  43 <PRE>
  44 <STRONG><A HREF="curs_printw.3x.html">curs_printw(3x)</A></STRONG>                                                <STRONG><A HREF="curs_printw.3x.html">curs_printw(3x)</A></STRONG>
  45
  46
  47
  48
  49 </PRE><H2><a name="h2-NAME">NAME</a></H2><PRE>
  50        <STRONG>printw</STRONG>, <STRONG>wprintw</STRONG>, <STRONG>mvprintw</STRONG>, <STRONG>mvwprintw</STRONG>, <STRONG>vwprintw</STRONG>, <STRONG>vw_printw</STRONG> - print
  51        formatted output in <STRONG>curses</STRONG> windows
  52
  53
  54 </PRE><H2><a name="h2-SYNOPSIS">SYNOPSIS</a></H2><PRE>
  55        <STRONG>#include</STRONG> <STRONG>&lt;curses.h&gt;</STRONG>
  56
  57        <STRONG>int</STRONG> <STRONG>printw(const</STRONG> <STRONG>char</STRONG> <STRONG>*</STRONG><EM>fmt</EM><STRONG>,</STRONG> <STRONG>...);</STRONG>
  58        <STRONG>int</STRONG> <STRONG>wprintw(WINDOW</STRONG> <STRONG>*</STRONG><EM>win</EM><STRONG>,</STRONG> <STRONG>const</STRONG> <STRONG>char</STRONG> <STRONG>*</STRONG><EM>fmt</EM><STRONG>,</STRONG> <STRONG>...);</STRONG>
  59        <STRONG>int</STRONG> <STRONG>mvprintw(int</STRONG> <EM>y</EM><STRONG>,</STRONG> <STRONG>int</STRONG> <EM>x</EM><STRONG>,</STRONG> <STRONG>const</STRONG> <STRONG>char</STRONG> <STRONG>*</STRONG><EM>fmt</EM><STRONG>,</STRONG> <STRONG>...);</STRONG>
  60        <STRONG>int</STRONG> <STRONG>mvwprintw(WINDOW</STRONG> <STRONG>*</STRONG><EM>win</EM><STRONG>,</STRONG> <STRONG>int</STRONG> <EM>y</EM><STRONG>,</STRONG> <STRONG>int</STRONG> <EM>x</EM><STRONG>,</STRONG> <STRONG>const</STRONG> <STRONG>char</STRONG> <STRONG>*</STRONG><EM>fmt</EM><STRONG>,</STRONG> <STRONG>...);</STRONG>
  61        <STRONG>int</STRONG> <STRONG>vw_printw(WINDOW</STRONG> <STRONG>*</STRONG><EM>win</EM><STRONG>,</STRONG> <STRONG>const</STRONG> <STRONG>char</STRONG> <STRONG>*</STRONG><EM>fmt</EM><STRONG>,</STRONG> <STRONG>va_list</STRONG> <EM>varglist</EM><STRONG>);</STRONG>
  62
  63        /* obsolete */
  64        <STRONG>int</STRONG> <STRONG>vwprintw(WINDOW</STRONG> <STRONG>*</STRONG><EM>win</EM><STRONG>,</STRONG> <STRONG>const</STRONG> <STRONG>char</STRONG> <STRONG>*</STRONG><EM>fmt</EM><STRONG>,</STRONG> <STRONG>va_list</STRONG> <EM>varglist</EM><STRONG>);</STRONG>
  65
  66
  67 </PRE><H2><a name="h2-DESCRIPTION">DESCRIPTION</a></H2><PRE>
  68        The <STRONG>printw</STRONG>, <STRONG>wprintw</STRONG>, <STRONG>mvprintw</STRONG> and <STRONG>mvwprintw</STRONG> routines are  analogous  to
  69        <STRONG>printf</STRONG>  [see <STRONG>printf(3)</STRONG>].  In effect, the string that would be output by
  70        <STRONG>printf</STRONG> is output instead as though <STRONG>waddstr</STRONG> were used on the given  win-
  71        dow.
  72
  73        The  <STRONG>vwprintw</STRONG>  and  <STRONG>vw_printw</STRONG>  routines  are  analogous to <STRONG>vprintf</STRONG> [see
  74        <STRONG>printf(3)</STRONG>] and perform a <STRONG>wprintw</STRONG> using a variable argument  list.   The
  75        third  argument  is a <STRONG>va_list</STRONG>, a pointer to a list of arguments, as de-
  76        fined in <STRONG>&lt;stdarg.h&gt;</STRONG>.
  77
  78
  79 </PRE><H2><a name="h2-RETURN-VALUE">RETURN VALUE</a></H2><PRE>
  80        Routines that return an integer return <STRONG>ERR</STRONG> upon failure  and  <STRONG>OK</STRONG>  (SVr4
  81        only  specifies "an integer value other than <STRONG>ERR</STRONG>") upon successful com-
  82        pletion.
  83
  84        X/Open defines no error conditions.  In this implementation,  an  error
  85        may be returned if it cannot allocate enough memory for the buffer used
  86        to format the results.  It will return an error if the  window  pointer
  87        is null.
  88
  89        Functions  with  a  "mv"  prefix  first perform a cursor movement using
  90        <STRONG>wmove</STRONG>, and return an error if the position is outside the window, or if
  91        the window pointer is null.
  92
  93
  94 </PRE><H2><a name="h2-HISTORY">HISTORY</a></H2><PRE>
  95        While <STRONG>printw</STRONG> was implemented in 4BSD, it was unused until 4.2BSD (which
  96        used it in games).  That early version of curses was before the ANSI  C
  97        standard.   It  did not use &lt;varargs.h&gt;, though that was available.  In
  98        1991 (a couple of years after SVr4 was generally available,  and  after
  99        the  C  standard  was published), other developers updated the library,
 100        using &lt;stdarg.h&gt; internally in 4.4BSD curses.  Even with this  improve-
 101        ment, BSD curses did not use function prototypes (or even declare func-
 102        tions) in the &lt;curses.h&gt; header until 1992.
 103
 104        SVr2 documented <STRONG>printw</STRONG>, <STRONG>wprintw</STRONG>  tersely  as  "printf  on  <EM>stdscr</EM>"  and
 105        tersely as "printf on <EM>win</EM>", respectively.
 106
 107        SVr3  added  <STRONG>mvprintw</STRONG>,  and <STRONG>mvwprintw</STRONG>, with a three-line summary saying
 108        that they were analogous to <STRONG>printf(3)</STRONG>, explaining that the string which
 109        would be output from <STRONG>printf(3)</STRONG> would instead be output using <STRONG>waddstr</STRONG> on
 110        the given window.  SVr3 also added <STRONG>vwprintw</STRONG>, saying that the third  pa-
 111        rameter  is a <STRONG>va_list</STRONG>, defined in &lt;varargs.h&gt;, and referring the reader
 112        to the manual pages for <EM>varargs</EM> and <EM>vprintf</EM> for detailed descriptions.
 113
 114        SVr4 added  no  new  variations  of  <STRONG>printw</STRONG>,  but  provided  for  using
 115        &lt;varargs.h&gt; or &lt;stdarg.h&gt; to define the <STRONG>va_list</STRONG> type.
 116
 117        X/Open  Curses  added  <STRONG>vw_printw</STRONG>  to replace <STRONG>vwprintw</STRONG>, stating that its
 118        <STRONG>va_list</STRONG> definition requires &lt;stdarg.h&gt;.
 119
 120
 121 </PRE><H2><a name="h2-PORTABILITY">PORTABILITY</a></H2><PRE>
 122        In this implementation, <STRONG>vw_printw</STRONG> and <STRONG>vwprintw</STRONG> are equivalent, to  sup-
 123        port legacy applications.  However, the latter (<STRONG>vwprintw</STRONG>) is obsolete:
 124
 125        <STRONG>o</STRONG>   The  XSI  Curses  standard, Issue 4 described these functions.  The
 126            function <STRONG>vwprintw</STRONG> is marked TO BE WITHDRAWN, and is to be  replaced
 127            by a function <STRONG>vw_printw</STRONG> using the <STRONG>&lt;stdarg.h&gt;</STRONG> interface.
 128
 129        <STRONG>o</STRONG>   The  Single Unix Specification, Version 2 states that <STRONG>vw_printw</STRONG>  is
 130            preferred  to  <STRONG>vwprintw</STRONG>  since  the   latter   requires   including
 131            <STRONG>&lt;varargs.h&gt;</STRONG>,  which  cannot be used in the same file as <STRONG>&lt;stdarg.h&gt;</STRONG>.
 132            This implementation uses <STRONG>&lt;stdarg.h&gt;</STRONG> for both, because  that  header
 133            is included in <STRONG>&lt;curses.h</STRONG>&gt;.
 134
 135        <STRONG>o</STRONG>   X/Open  Curses, Issue 5 (December 2007) marked <STRONG>vwprintw</STRONG> (along with
 136            <STRONG>vwscanw</STRONG> and the termcap interface) as withdrawn.
 137
 138
 139 </PRE><H2><a name="h2-SEE-ALSO">SEE ALSO</a></H2><PRE>
 140        <STRONG><A HREF="ncurses.3x.html">curses(3x)</A></STRONG>, <STRONG><A HREF="curs_addstr.3x.html">curs_addstr(3x)</A></STRONG>, <STRONG><A HREF="curs_scanw.3x.html">curs_scanw(3x)</A></STRONG>, <STRONG><A HREF="curs_termcap.3x.html">curs_termcap(3x)</A></STRONG>,
 141        <STRONG>printf(3)</STRONG>, <STRONG>vprintf(3)</STRONG>.
 142
 143
 144
 145                                                                <STRONG><A HREF="curs_printw.3x.html">curs_printw(3x)</A></STRONG>
 146 </PRE>
 147 <div class="nav">
 148 <ul>
 149 <li><a href="#h2-NAME">NAME</a></li>
 150 <li><a href="#h2-SYNOPSIS">SYNOPSIS</a></li>
 151 <li><a href="#h2-DESCRIPTION">DESCRIPTION</a></li>
 152 <li><a href="#h2-RETURN-VALUE">RETURN VALUE</a></li>
 153 <li><a href="#h2-HISTORY">HISTORY</a></li>
 154 <li><a href="#h2-PORTABILITY">PORTABILITY</a></li>
 155 <li><a href="#h2-SEE-ALSO">SEE ALSO</a></li>
 156 </ul>
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