+<!--
+ ****************************************************************************
+ * Copyright 2018-2023,2024 Thomas E. Dickey *
+ * Copyright 1998-2010,2017 Free Software Foundation, Inc. *
+ * *
+ * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a *
+ * copy of this software and associated documentation files (the *
+ * "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction, including *
+ * without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, *
+ * distribute, distribute with modifications, sublicense, and/or sell *
+ * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is *
+ * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions: *
+ * *
+ * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included *
+ * in all copies or substantial portions of the Software. *
+ * *
+ * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS *
+ * OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF *
+ * MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. *
+ * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE ABOVE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, *
+ * DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR *
+ * OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR *
+ * THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE. *
+ * *
+ * Except as contained in this notice, the name(s) of the above copyright *
+ * holders shall not be used in advertising or otherwise to promote the *
+ * sale, use or other dealings in this Software without prior written *
+ * authorization. *
+ ****************************************************************************
+ * @Id: curs_printw.3x,v 1.53 2024/04/20 19:18:18 tom Exp @
+-->
+<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01//EN">
<HTML>
+<HEAD>
+<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=us-ascii">
+<meta name="generator" content="Manpage converted by man2html - see https://invisible-island.net/scripts/readme.html#others_scripts">
+<TITLE>curs_printw 3x 2024-04-20 ncurses 6.5 Library calls</TITLE>
+<link rel="author" href="mailto:bug-ncurses@gnu.org">
+
+</HEAD>
<BODY>
+<H1 class="no-header">curs_printw 3x 2024-04-20 ncurses 6.5 Library calls</H1>
<PRE>
-<!-- Manpage converted by man2html 3.0.1 -->
+<STRONG><A HREF="curs_printw.3x.html">curs_printw(3x)</A></STRONG> Library calls <STRONG><A HREF="curs_printw.3x.html">curs_printw(3x)</A></STRONG>
-</PRE>
-<H2>NAME</H2><PRE>
- <B>printw</B>, <B>wprintw</B>, <B>mvprintw</B>, <B>mvwprintw</B>, <B>vwprintw</B>, <B>vw_printw</B>
- - print formatted output in <B>curses</B> windows
-</PRE>
-<H2>SYNOPSIS</H2><PRE>
- <B>#include</B> <B><curses.h></B>
- <B>int</B> <B>printw(char</B> <B>*fmt</B> [<B>,</B> <B>arg</B>] <B>...);</B>
- <B>int</B> <B>wprintw(WINDOW</B> <B>*win,</B> <B>char</B> <B>*fmt</B> [<B>,</B> <B>arg</B>] <B>...);</B>
- <B>int</B> <B>mvprintw(int</B> <B>y,</B> <B>int</B> <B>x,</B> <B>char</B> <B>*fmt</B> [<B>,</B> <B>arg</B>] <B>...);</B>
- <B>int</B> <B>mvwprintw(WINDOW</B> <B>*win,</B> <B>int</B> <B>y,</B> <B>int</B> <B>x,</B>
- <B>char</B> <B>*fmt</B> [<B>,</B> <B>arg]</B> ...);
+</PRE><H2><a name="h2-NAME">NAME</a></H2><PRE>
+ <STRONG>printw</STRONG>, <STRONG>wprintw</STRONG>, <STRONG>mvprintw</STRONG>, <STRONG>mvwprintw</STRONG>, <STRONG>vwprintw</STRONG>, <STRONG>vw_printw</STRONG> - write
+ formatted output to a <EM>curses</EM> window
- <B>#include</B> <B><varargs.h></B>
- <B>int</B> <B>vwprintw(WINDOW</B> <B>*win,</B> <B>char</B> <B>*fmt,</B> <B>varglist);</B>
- <B>int</B> <B>vw_printw(WINDOW</B> <B>*win,</B> <B>char</B> <B>*fmt,</B> <B>varglist);</B>
+</PRE><H2><a name="h2-SYNOPSIS">SYNOPSIS</a></H2><PRE>
+ <STRONG>#include</STRONG> <STRONG><curses.h></STRONG>
-</PRE>
-<H2>DESCRIPTION</H2><PRE>
- The <B>printw</B>, <B>wprintw</B>, <B>mvprintw</B> and <B>mvwprintw</B> routines are
- analogous to <B>printf</B> [see <B><A HREF="printf.3S.html">printf(3S)</A></B>]. In effect, the
- string that would be output by <B>printf</B> is output instead as
- though <B>waddstr</B> were used on the given window.
+ <STRONG>int</STRONG> <STRONG>printw(const</STRONG> <STRONG>char</STRONG> <STRONG>*</STRONG><EM>fmt</EM><STRONG>,</STRONG> <STRONG>...);</STRONG>
+ <STRONG>int</STRONG> <STRONG>wprintw(WINDOW</STRONG> <STRONG>*</STRONG><EM>win</EM><STRONG>,</STRONG> <STRONG>const</STRONG> <STRONG>char</STRONG> <STRONG>*</STRONG><EM>fmt</EM><STRONG>,</STRONG> <STRONG>...);</STRONG>
+ <STRONG>int</STRONG> <STRONG>mvprintw(int</STRONG> <EM>y</EM><STRONG>,</STRONG> <STRONG>int</STRONG> <EM>x</EM><STRONG>,</STRONG> <STRONG>const</STRONG> <STRONG>char</STRONG> <STRONG>*</STRONG><EM>fmt</EM><STRONG>,</STRONG> <STRONG>...);</STRONG>
+ <STRONG>int</STRONG> <STRONG>mvwprintw(WINDOW</STRONG> <STRONG>*</STRONG><EM>win</EM><STRONG>,</STRONG> <STRONG>int</STRONG> <EM>y</EM><STRONG>,</STRONG> <STRONG>int</STRONG> <EM>x</EM><STRONG>,</STRONG> <STRONG>const</STRONG> <STRONG>char</STRONG> <STRONG>*</STRONG><EM>fmt</EM><STRONG>,</STRONG> <STRONG>...);</STRONG>
- The <B>vwprintw</B> routine is analogous to <B>vprintf</B> [see
- <B><A HREF="printf.3S.html">printf(3S)</A></B>] and performs a <B>wprintw</B> using a variable argu-
- ment list. The third argument is a <B>va_list</B>, a pointer to
- a list of arguments, as defined in <B><varargs.h></B>.
+ <STRONG>int</STRONG> <STRONG>vw_printw(WINDOW</STRONG> <STRONG>*</STRONG><EM>win</EM><STRONG>,</STRONG> <STRONG>const</STRONG> <STRONG>char</STRONG> <STRONG>*</STRONG><EM>fmt</EM><STRONG>,</STRONG> <STRONG>va_list</STRONG> <EM>varglist</EM><STRONG>);</STRONG>
+ <EM>/*</EM> <EM>obsolete</EM> <EM>*/</EM>
+ <STRONG>int</STRONG> <STRONG>vwprintw(WINDOW</STRONG> <STRONG>*</STRONG><EM>win</EM><STRONG>,</STRONG> <STRONG>const</STRONG> <STRONG>char</STRONG> <STRONG>*</STRONG><EM>fmt</EM><STRONG>,</STRONG> <STRONG>va_list</STRONG> <EM>varglist</EM><STRONG>);</STRONG>
-</PRE>
-<H2>RETURN VALUE</H2><PRE>
- Routines that return an integer return <B>ERR</B> upon failure
- and <B>OK</B> (SVr4 only specifies "an integer value other than
- <B>ERR</B>") upon successful completion.
+</PRE><H2><a name="h2-DESCRIPTION">DESCRIPTION</a></H2><PRE>
+ <STRONG>printw</STRONG>, <STRONG>wprintw</STRONG>, <STRONG>mvprintw</STRONG>, and <STRONG>mvwprintw</STRONG> are analogous to <STRONG>printf(3)</STRONG>.
+ In effect, the string that would be output by <STRONG>printf(3)</STRONG> is instead
+ output as though <STRONG><A HREF="curs_addstr.3x.html">waddstr(3x)</A></STRONG> were used with <EM>win</EM> (or <STRONG>stdscr</STRONG>) as its
+ first argument.
-</PRE>
-<H2>PORTABILITY</H2><PRE>
- The XSI Curses standard, Issue 4 describes these func-
- tions. The function <B>vwprintw</B> is marked TO BE WITHDRAWN,
- and is to be replaced by a function <B>vw_printw</B> using the
- <B><stdarg.h></B> interface.
+ <STRONG>vwprintw</STRONG> and <STRONG>vw_printw</STRONG> are analogous to <STRONG>vprintf(3)</STRONG>, and perform a
+ <STRONG>wprintw</STRONG> using a variable argument list. The third argument is a
+ <EM>va</EM><STRONG>_</STRONG><EM>list</EM>, a pointer to a list of arguments, as defined in <EM>stdarg.h</EM>.
-</PRE>
-<H2>SEE ALSO</H2><PRE>
- <B><A HREF="ncurses.3x.html">curses(3x)</A></B>, <B><A HREF="printf.3S.html">printf(3S)</A></B>, <B>vprintf(3S)</B>
+</PRE><H2><a name="h2-RETURN-VALUE">RETURN VALUE</a></H2><PRE>
+ These functions return <STRONG>ERR</STRONG> upon failure and <STRONG>OK</STRONG> upon success.
+
+ In <EM>ncurses</EM>, failure occurs if the library cannot allocate enough memory
+ for the buffer into which the output is formatted, or if the window
+ pointer <EM>win</EM> is null.
+
+ Functions prefixed with "mv" first perform cursor movement and fail if
+ the position (<EM>y</EM>, <EM>x</EM>) is outside the window boundaries.
+
+
+</PRE><H2><a name="h2-NOTES">NOTES</a></H2><PRE>
+ No wide character counterpart functions are defined by the "wide"
+ <EM>ncurses</EM> configuration nor by any standard. To format and write a wide-
+ character string to a <EM>curses</EM> window, consider using <STRONG>swprintf(3)</STRONG> and
+ <STRONG><A HREF="curs_addwstr.3x.html">waddwstr(3x)</A></STRONG> or similar.
+
+
+</PRE><H2><a name="h2-PORTABILITY">PORTABILITY</a></H2><PRE>
+ X/Open Curses, Issue 4 describes these functions. It specifies no
+ error conditions for them.
+
+ <EM>ncurses</EM> defines <STRONG>vw_printw</STRONG> and <STRONG>vwprintw</STRONG> identically to support legacy
+ applications. However, the latter is obsolete.
+
+ <STRONG>o</STRONG> X/Open Curses, Issue 4 Version 2 (1996), marked <STRONG>vwprintw</STRONG> as
+ requiring <EM>varargs.h</EM> and "TO BE WITHDRAWN", and specified <STRONG>vw_printw</STRONG>
+ using the <EM>stdarg.h</EM> interface.
+ <STRONG>o</STRONG> X/Open Curses, Issue 5, Draft 2 (December 2007) marked <STRONG>vwprintw</STRONG>
+ (along with <STRONG>vwscanw</STRONG> and the <EM>termcap</EM> interface) as withdrawn. After
+ incorporating review comments, this became X/Open Curses, Issue 7
+ (2009).
+ <STRONG>o</STRONG> <EM>ncurses</EM> provides <STRONG>vwprintw</STRONG>, but marks it as deprecated.
+</PRE><H2><a name="h2-HISTORY">HISTORY</a></H2><PRE>
+ While <STRONG>printw</STRONG> was implemented in 4BSD (November 1980), it was unused
+ until 4.2BSD (August 1983), which employed it for games. That early
+ version of <EM>curses</EM> preceded the ANSI C standard of 1989. It did not use
+ <EM>varargs.h</EM>, though that had been available since Seventh Edition Unix
+ (1979). In 1991 (a couple of years after SVr4 was generally available,
+ and after the C standard was published), other developers updated the
+ library, using <EM>stdarg.h</EM> internally in 4.4BSD <EM>curses</EM>. Even with this
+ improvement, BSD <EM>curses</EM> did not use function prototypes (nor even
+ declare functions) in <EM>curses.h</EM> until 1992.
+ SVr2 (1984) documented <STRONG>printw</STRONG> and <STRONG>wprintw</STRONG> tersely as "printf on <STRONG>stdscr</STRONG>"
+ and "printf on <EM>win</EM>", respectively.
+ SVr3 (1987) added <STRONG>mvprintw</STRONG> and <STRONG>mvwprintw</STRONG>, with a three-line summary
+ asserting that they were analogous to <STRONG>printf(3)</STRONG>, explaining that the
+ string that <STRONG>printf(3)</STRONG> would write to the standard output stream would
+ instead be output using <STRONG>waddstr</STRONG> to the given window. SVr3 also
+ implemented <STRONG>vwprintw</STRONG>, describing its third parameter as a <EM>va</EM><STRONG>_</STRONG><EM>list</EM>,
+ defined in <EM>varargs.h</EM>, and referred the reader to the manual pages for
+ <EM>varargs</EM> and <EM>vprintf</EM> for detailed descriptions.
+ SVr4 (1989) introduced no new variations of <EM>printw</EM>, but provided for
+ using either <EM>varargs.h</EM> or <EM>stdarg.h</EM> to define the <EM>va</EM><STRONG>_</STRONG><EM>list</EM> type.
+ X/Open Curses, Issue 4 (1995), defined <STRONG>vw_printw</STRONG> to replace <STRONG>vwprintw</STRONG>,
+ stating that its <EM>va</EM><STRONG>_</STRONG><EM>list</EM> type is defined in <EM>stdarg.h</EM>.
+</PRE><H2><a name="h2-SEE-ALSO">SEE ALSO</a></H2><PRE>
+ <STRONG><A HREF="ncurses.3x.html">curses(3x)</A></STRONG>, <STRONG><A HREF="curs_addstr.3x.html">curs_addstr(3x)</A></STRONG>, <STRONG><A HREF="curs_scanw.3x.html">curs_scanw(3x)</A></STRONG>, <STRONG>printf(3)</STRONG>, <STRONG>vprintf(3)</STRONG>
+ncurses 6.5 2024-04-20 <STRONG><A HREF="curs_printw.3x.html">curs_printw(3x)</A></STRONG>
</PRE>
-<HR>
-<ADDRESS>
-Man(1) output converted with
-<a href="http://www.oac.uci.edu/indiv/ehood/man2html.html">man2html</a>
-</ADDRESS>
+<div class="nav">
+<ul>
+<li><a href="#h2-NAME">NAME</a></li>
+<li><a href="#h2-SYNOPSIS">SYNOPSIS</a></li>
+<li><a href="#h2-DESCRIPTION">DESCRIPTION</a></li>
+<li><a href="#h2-RETURN-VALUE">RETURN VALUE</a></li>
+<li><a href="#h2-NOTES">NOTES</a></li>
+<li><a href="#h2-PORTABILITY">PORTABILITY</a></li>
+<li><a href="#h2-HISTORY">HISTORY</a></li>
+<li><a href="#h2-SEE-ALSO">SEE ALSO</a></li>
+</ul>
+</div>
</BODY>
</HTML>
projects / ncurses.git / blobdiff