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+<H1 class="no-header">curs_trace 3x 2024-04-20 ncurses 6.5 Library calls</H1>
<PRE>
-<!-- Manpage converted by man2html 3.0.1 -->
+<STRONG><A HREF="curs_trace.3x.html">curs_trace(3x)</A></STRONG> Library calls <STRONG><A HREF="curs_trace.3x.html">curs_trace(3x)</A></STRONG>
-</PRE>
-<H2>NAME</H2><PRE>
- <B>_tracef</B>, <B>_tracedump</B>, <B>_traceattr</B>, <B>_traceattr2</B>,
- <B>_nc_tracebits</B>, <B>_tracechar</B>, <B>_tracechtype</B>, <B>_tracechtype2</B>,
- <B>_tracemouse</B>, <B>trace</B> - <B>curses</B> debugging routines
-</PRE>
-<H2>SYNOPSIS</H2><PRE>
- <B>#include</B> <B><curses.h></B>
- <B>void</B> <B>_tracef(const</B> <B>char</B> <B>*format,</B> <B>...);</B>
- <B>void</B> <B>_tracedump(const</B> <B>char</B> <B>*label,</B> <B>WINDOW</B> <B>*win);</B>
- <B>char</B> <B>*_traceattr(attr_t</B> <B>attr);</B>
- <B>char</B> <B>*_traceattr2(int</B> <B>buffer,</B> <B>chtype</B> <B>ch);</B>
- <B>char</B> <B>*_nc_tracebits(void);</B>
- <B>char</B> <B>*_tracechar(const</B> <B>unsigned</B> <B>char</B> <B>ch);</B>
- <B>char</B> <B>*_tracechtype(chtype</B> <B>ch);</B>
- <B>char</B> <B>*_tracechtype2(int</B> <B>buffer,</B> <B>chtype</B> <B>ch);</B>
- <B>char</B> <B>*_tracemouse(const</B> <B>MEVENT</B> <B>*event);</B>
- <B>void</B> <B>trace(const</B> <B>unsigned</B> <B>int</B> <B>param);</B>
+</PRE><H2><a name="h2-NAME">NAME</a></H2><PRE>
+ <STRONG>curses_trace</STRONG>, <STRONG>trace</STRONG>, <STRONG>_tracef</STRONG>, <STRONG>_traceattr</STRONG>, <STRONG>_traceattr2</STRONG>, <STRONG>_tracecchar_t</STRONG>,
+ <STRONG>_tracecchar_t2</STRONG>, <STRONG>_tracechar</STRONG>, <STRONG>_tracechtype</STRONG>, <STRONG>_tracechtype2</STRONG>, <STRONG>_nc_tracebits</STRONG>,
+ <STRONG>_tracedump</STRONG>, <STRONG>_tracemouse</STRONG> - <EM>curses</EM> debugging routines
-</PRE>
-<H2>DESCRIPTION</H2><PRE>
- The <B>trace</B> routines are used for debugging the ncurses
- libraries, as well as applications which use the ncurses
- libraries. These functions are normally available only
- with the debugging library <I>libncurses</I><B>_</B><I>g.a</I>, but may be com-
- piled into any model (shared, static, profile) by defining
- the symbol <B>TRACE</B>.
-
- The principal parts of this interface are the <B>trace</B> rou-
- tine which selectively enables different tracing features,
- and the <B>_tracef</B> routine which writes formatted data to the
- <I>trace</I> file.
-
- Calling <B>trace</B> with a nonzero parameter opens the file
- <B>trace</B> in the current directory for output. The parameter
- is formed by OR'ing values from the list of <B>TRACE_</B><I>xxx</I> def-
- initions in <B><curses.h></B>. These include:
-
- TRACE_DISABLE
- turn off tracing.
-
- TRACE_TIMES
+
+</PRE><H2><a name="h2-SYNOPSIS">SYNOPSIS</a></H2><PRE>
+ <STRONG>#include</STRONG> <STRONG><curses.h></STRONG>
+
+ <STRONG>unsigned</STRONG> <STRONG>curses_trace(const</STRONG> <STRONG>unsigned</STRONG> <EM>trace-mask</EM><STRONG>);</STRONG>
+
+ <STRONG>void</STRONG> <STRONG>_tracef(const</STRONG> <STRONG>char</STRONG> <STRONG>*</STRONG><EM>format</EM><STRONG>,</STRONG> <STRONG>...);</STRONG>
+
+ <STRONG>char</STRONG> <STRONG>*_traceattr(attr_t</STRONG> <EM>attr</EM><STRONG>);</STRONG>
+ <STRONG>char</STRONG> <STRONG>*_traceattr2(int</STRONG> <EM>buffer</EM><STRONG>,</STRONG> <STRONG>chtype</STRONG> <EM>ch</EM><STRONG>);</STRONG>
+ <STRONG>char</STRONG> <STRONG>*_tracecchar_t(const</STRONG> <STRONG>cchar_t</STRONG> <STRONG>*</STRONG><EM>string</EM><STRONG>);</STRONG>
+ <STRONG>char</STRONG> <STRONG>*_tracecchar_t2(int</STRONG> <EM>buffer</EM><STRONG>,</STRONG> <STRONG>const</STRONG> <STRONG>cchar_t</STRONG> <STRONG>*</STRONG><EM>string</EM><STRONG>);</STRONG>
+ <STRONG>char</STRONG> <STRONG>*_tracechar(int</STRONG> <EM>c</EM><STRONG>);</STRONG>
+ <STRONG>char</STRONG> <STRONG>*_tracechtype(chtype</STRONG> <EM>ch</EM><STRONG>);</STRONG>
+ <STRONG>char</STRONG> <STRONG>*_tracechtype2(int</STRONG> <EM>buffer</EM><STRONG>,</STRONG> <STRONG>chtype</STRONG> <EM>ch</EM><STRONG>);</STRONG>
+
+ <STRONG>void</STRONG> <STRONG>_tracedump(const</STRONG> <STRONG>char</STRONG> <STRONG>*</STRONG><EM>label</EM><STRONG>,</STRONG> <STRONG>WINDOW</STRONG> <STRONG>*</STRONG><EM>win</EM><STRONG>);</STRONG>
+ <STRONG>char</STRONG> <STRONG>*_nc_tracebits(void);</STRONG>
+ <STRONG>char</STRONG> <STRONG>*_tracemouse(const</STRONG> <STRONG>MEVENT</STRONG> <STRONG>*</STRONG><EM>event</EM><STRONG>);</STRONG>
+
+ <EM>/*</EM> <EM>deprecated</EM> <EM>*/</EM>
+ <STRONG>void</STRONG> <STRONG>trace(const</STRONG> <STRONG>unsigned</STRONG> <STRONG>int</STRONG> <EM>trace-mask</EM><STRONG>);</STRONG>
+
+
+</PRE><H2><a name="h2-DESCRIPTION">DESCRIPTION</a></H2><PRE>
+ The <EM>curses</EM> <EM>trace</EM> routines are used for debugging the <EM>ncurses</EM> libraries,
+ as well as applications which use the <EM>ncurses</EM> libraries. Some
+ limitations apply:
+
+ <STRONG>o</STRONG> Aside from <STRONG>curses_trace</STRONG>, the other functions are normally available
+ only with the debugging library e.g., <STRONG>libncurses_g.a</STRONG>.
+
+ All of the trace functions may be compiled into any model (shared,
+ static, profile) by defining the symbol <STRONG>TRACE</STRONG>.
+
+ <STRONG>o</STRONG> Additionally, the functions which use <STRONG>cchar_t</STRONG> are only available
+ with the wide-character configuration of the libraries.
+
+
+</PRE><H3><a name="h3-Functions">Functions</a></H3><PRE>
+ The principal parts of this interface are
+
+ <STRONG>o</STRONG> <STRONG>curses_trace</STRONG>, which selectively enables different tracing features,
+ and
+
+ <STRONG>o</STRONG> <STRONG>_tracef</STRONG>, which writes formatted data to the <EM>trace</EM> file.
+
+ The other functions either return a pointer to a string-area
+ (allocated by the corresponding function), or return no value (such
+ as <STRONG>_tracedump</STRONG>, which implements the screen dump for <STRONG>TRACE_UPDATE</STRONG>).
+ The caller should not free these strings, since the allocation is
+ reused on successive calls. To work around the problem of a single
+ string-area per function, some use a buffer-number parameter,
+ telling the library to allocate additional string-areas.
+
+ The <STRONG>curses_trace</STRONG> function is always available, whether or not the other
+ trace functions are available:
+
+ <STRONG>o</STRONG> If tracing is available, calling <STRONG>curses_trace</STRONG> with a nonzero
+ parameter updates the trace mask, and returns the previous trace
+ mask.
+
+ When the trace mask is nonzero, <EM>ncurses</EM> creates the file "trace" in
+ the current directory for output. If the file already exists, no
+ tracing is done.
+
+ <STRONG>o</STRONG> If tracing is not available, <STRONG>curses_trace</STRONG> returns zero (0).
+
+
+</PRE><H3><a name="h3-Trace-Parameter">Trace Parameter</a></H3><PRE>
+ The trace parameter is formed by OR'ing values from the list of
+ <STRONG>TRACE_</STRONG><EM>xxx</EM> definitions in <STRONG><curses.h></STRONG>. These include:
+
+ <STRONG>TRACE_DISABLE</STRONG>
+ turn off tracing by passing a zero parameter.
+
+ The library flushes the output file, but retains an open file-
+ descriptor to the trace file so that it can resume tracing later
+ if a nonzero parameter is passed to the <STRONG>curses_trace</STRONG> function.
+
+ <STRONG>TRACE_TIMES</STRONG>
trace user and system times of updates.
- TRACE_TPUTS
- trace tputs calls.
+ <STRONG>TRACE_TPUTS</STRONG>
+ trace <STRONG><A HREF="curs_terminfo.3x.html">tputs(3x)</A></STRONG> calls.
- TRACE_UPDATE
+ <STRONG>TRACE_UPDATE</STRONG>
trace update actions, old & new screens.
- TRACE_MOVE
+ <STRONG>TRACE_MOVE</STRONG>
trace cursor movement and scrolling.
- TRACE_CHARPUT
+ <STRONG>TRACE_CHARPUT</STRONG>
trace all character outputs.
- TRACE_ORDINARY
- trace all update actions. The old and new screen
- contents are written to the trace file for each
- refresh.
+ <STRONG>TRACE_ORDINARY</STRONG>
+ trace all update actions. The old and new screen contents are
+ written to the trace file for each refresh.
- TRACE_CALLS
- trace all curses calls. The parameters for each call
- are traced, as well as return values.
+ <STRONG>TRACE_CALLS</STRONG>
+ trace all curses calls. The parameters for each call are traced,
+ as well as return values.
- TRACE_VIRTPUT
- trace virtual character puts, i.e., calls to <B>addch</B>.
+ <STRONG>TRACE_VIRTPUT</STRONG>
+ trace virtual character puts, i.e., calls to <STRONG>addch</STRONG>.
- TRACE_IEVENT
+ <STRONG>TRACE_IEVENT</STRONG>
trace low-level input processing, including timeouts.
- TRACE_BITS
+ <STRONG>TRACE_BITS</STRONG>
trace state of TTY control bits.
- TRACE_ICALLS
+ <STRONG>TRACE_ICALLS</STRONG>
trace internal/nested calls.
- TRACE_CCALLS
+ <STRONG>TRACE_CCALLS</STRONG>
trace per-character calls.
- TRACE_DATABASE
+ <STRONG>TRACE_DATABASE</STRONG>
trace read/write of terminfo/termcap data.
- TRACE_MAXIMUM
- maximum trace level, enables all of the separate
- trace features.
+ <STRONG>TRACE_ATTRS</STRONG>
+ trace changes to video attributes and colors.
- Some tracing features are enabled whenever the <B>trace</B>
- parameter is nonzero. Some features overlap. The
- specific names are used as a guideline.
+ <STRONG>TRACE_MAXIMUM</STRONG>
+ maximum trace level, enables all of the separate trace features.
+ Some tracing features are enabled whenever the <STRONG>curses_trace</STRONG> parameter
+ is nonzero. Some features overlap. The specific names are used as a
+ guideline.
-</PRE>
-<H2>RETURN VALUE</H2><PRE>
- Routines which return a value are designed to be used as
- parameters to the <B>_tracef</B> routine.
+</PRE><H3><a name="h3-Command-line-Utilities">Command-line Utilities</a></H3><PRE>
+ The command-line utilities such as <STRONG><A HREF="tic.1m.html">tic(1)</A></STRONG> provide a verbose option
+ which extends the set of messages written using the <STRONG>curses_trace</STRONG>
+ function. Both of these (<STRONG>-v</STRONG> and <STRONG>curses_trace</STRONG>) use the same variable
+ (<STRONG>_nc_tracing</STRONG>), which determines the messages which are written.
-</PRE>
-<H2>PORTABILITY</H2><PRE>
- These functions are not part of the XSI interface. Some
- other curses implementations are known to have similar,
- undocumented features, but they are not compatible with
- ncurses.
+ Because the command-line utilities may call initialization functions
+ such as <STRONG>setupterm</STRONG>, <STRONG>tgetent</STRONG> or <STRONG>use_extended_names</STRONG>, some of their
+ debugging output may be directed to the <EM>trace</EM> file if the <EM>NCURSES</EM><STRONG>_</STRONG><EM>TRACE</EM>
+ environment variable is set:
+ <STRONG>o</STRONG> messages produced in the utility are written to the standard error.
-</PRE>
-<H2>SEE ALSO</H2><PRE>
- <B><A HREF="ncurses.3x.html">curses(3x)</A></B>.
+ <STRONG>o</STRONG> messages produced by the underlying library are written to <EM>trace</EM>.
+
+ If <EM>ncurses</EM> is built without tracing, none of the latter are produced,
+ and fewer diagnostics are provided by the command-line utilities.
+
+
+</PRE><H2><a name="h2-RETURN-VALUE">RETURN VALUE</a></H2><PRE>
+ Routines which return a value are designed to be used as parameters to
+ the <STRONG>_tracef</STRONG> routine.
+
+
+</PRE><H2><a name="h2-ENVIRONMENT">ENVIRONMENT</a></H2><PRE>
+
+</PRE><H3><a name="h3-NCURSES_TRACE">NCURSES_TRACE</a></H3><PRE>
+ A positive integral value stored in this variable causes the following
+ functions to enable the tracing feature as if <STRONG>curses_trace</STRONG> were called.
+
+ <STRONG>filter</STRONG>, <STRONG>initscr</STRONG>, <STRONG>new_prescr</STRONG>, <STRONG>newterm</STRONG>, <STRONG>nofilter</STRONG>, <STRONG>restartterm</STRONG>,
+ <STRONG>ripoffline</STRONG>, <STRONG>setupterm</STRONG>, <STRONG>slk_init</STRONG>, <STRONG>tgetent</STRONG>, <STRONG>use_env</STRONG>,
+ <STRONG>use_extended_names</STRONG>, <STRONG>use_tioctl</STRONG>
+
+
+</PRE><H2><a name="h2-PORTABILITY">PORTABILITY</a></H2><PRE>
+ These functions are not part of the X/Open Curses interface. Some
+ other curses implementations are known to have similar features, but
+ they are not compatible with <EM>ncurses</EM>:
+
+ <STRONG>o</STRONG> SVr4 provided <STRONG>traceon</STRONG> and <STRONG>traceoff</STRONG>, to control whether debugging
+ information was written to the "trace" file. While the functions
+ were always available, this feature was only enabled if <STRONG>DEBUG</STRONG> was
+ defined when building the library.
+
+ The SVr4 tracing feature is undocumented.
+
+ <STRONG>o</STRONG> PDCurses provides <STRONG>traceon</STRONG> and <STRONG>traceoff</STRONG>, which (like SVr4) are
+ always available, and enable tracing to the "trace" file only when
+ a debug-library is built.
+
+ PDCurses has a short description of these functions, with a note
+ that they are not present in X/Open Curses, <EM>ncurses</EM> or NetBSD. It
+ does not mention SVr4, but the functions' inclusion in a header
+ file section labeled "Quasi-standard" hints at the origin.
+
+ <STRONG>o</STRONG> NetBSD does not provide functions for enabling/disabling traces.
+ It uses environment variables <EM>CURSES</EM><STRONG>_</STRONG><EM>TRACE</EM><STRONG>_</STRONG><EM>MASK</EM> and
+ <EM>CURSES</EM><STRONG>_</STRONG><EM>TRACE</EM><STRONG>_</STRONG><EM>FILE</EM> to determine what is traced, and where the
+ results are written. This is available only when a debug-library
+ is built.
+
+ The NetBSD tracing feature is undocumented.
+
+ A few <EM>ncurses</EM> functions are not provided when symbol versioning is
+ used:
+ _nc_tracebits, _tracedump, _tracemouse
+ The original <STRONG>trace</STRONG> routine was deprecated because it often conflicted
+ with application names.
+</PRE><H2><a name="h2-SEE-ALSO">SEE ALSO</a></H2><PRE>
+ <STRONG><A HREF="ncurses.3x.html">curses(3x)</A></STRONG>
+ncurses 6.5 2024-04-20 <STRONG><A HREF="curs_trace.3x.html">curs_trace(3x)</A></STRONG>
</PRE>
-<HR>
-<ADDRESS>
-Man(1) output converted with
-<a href="http://www.oac.uci.edu/indiv/ehood/man2html.html">man2html</a>
-</ADDRESS>
+<div class="nav">
+<ul>
+<li><a href="#h2-NAME">NAME</a></li>
+<li><a href="#h2-SYNOPSIS">SYNOPSIS</a></li>
+<li><a href="#h2-DESCRIPTION">DESCRIPTION</a>
+<ul>
+<li><a href="#h3-Functions">Functions</a></li>
+<li><a href="#h3-Trace-Parameter">Trace Parameter</a></li>
+<li><a href="#h3-Command-line-Utilities">Command-line Utilities</a></li>
+</ul>
+</li>
+<li><a href="#h2-RETURN-VALUE">RETURN VALUE</a></li>
+<li><a href="#h2-ENVIRONMENT">ENVIRONMENT</a>
+<ul>
+<li><a href="#h3-NCURSES_TRACE">NCURSES_TRACE</a></li>
+</ul>
+</li>
+<li><a href="#h2-PORTABILITY">PORTABILITY</a></li>
+<li><a href="#h2-SEE-ALSO">SEE ALSO</a></li>
+</ul>
+</div>
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