'\" t
-.TH tput 1 ""
-.ds d @DATADIR@/terminfo
-.ds n 5
+.\"***************************************************************************
+.\" Copyright (c) 1998-2016,2017 Free Software Foundation, Inc. *
+.\" *
+.\" Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a *
+.\" copy of this software and associated documentation files (the *
+.\" "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction, including *
+.\" without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, *
+.\" distribute, distribute with modifications, sublicense, and/or sell *
+.\" copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is *
+.\" furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions: *
+.\" *
+.\" The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included *
+.\" in all copies or substantial portions of the Software. *
+.\" *
+.\" THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS *
+.\" OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF *
+.\" MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. *
+.\" IN NO EVENT SHALL THE ABOVE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, *
+.\" DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR *
+.\" OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR *
+.\" THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE. *
+.\" *
+.\" Except as contained in this notice, the name(s) of the above copyright *
+.\" holders shall not be used in advertising or otherwise to promote the *
+.\" sale, use or other dealings in this Software without prior written *
+.\" authorization. *
+.\"***************************************************************************
+.\"
+.\" $Id: tput.1,v 1.57 2017/11/20 01:07:02 tom Exp $
+.TH @TPUT@ 1 ""
+.ds d @TERMINFO@
+.ds n 1
+.ie \n(.g .ds `` \(lq
+.el .ds `` ``
+.ie \n(.g .ds '' \(rq
+.el .ds '' ''
+.de bP
+.ie n .IP \(bu 4
+.el .IP \(bu 2
+..
.SH NAME
-\fBtput\fR - initialize a terminal or query terminfo database
+\fB@TPUT@\fR, \fBreset\fR \- initialize a terminal or query terminfo database
.SH SYNOPSIS
-\fBtput\fR [\fB-T\fR\fItype\fR] \fIcapname\fR [\fIparms\fR ... ]
+\fB@TPUT@\fR [\fB\-T\fR\fItype\fR] \fIcapname\fR [\fIparameters\fR]
.br
-\fBtput\fR [\fB-T\fR\fItype\fR] \fBinit\fR
+\fB@TPUT@\fR [\fB\-T\fR\fItype\fR] [\fB\-x\fP] \fBclear\fR
.br
-\fBtput\fR [\fB-T\fR\fItype\fR] \fBreset\fR
+\fB@TPUT@\fR [\fB\-T\fR\fItype\fR] \fBinit\fR
.br
-\fBtput\fR [\fB-T\fR\fItype\fR] \fBlongname\fR
+\fB@TPUT@\fR [\fB\-T\fR\fItype\fR] \fBreset\fR
.br
-\fBtput -S\fR \fB<<\fR
+\fB@TPUT@\fR [\fB\-T\fR\fItype\fR] \fBlongname\fR
+.br
+\fB@TPUT@ \-S\fR \fB<<\fR
+.br
+\fB@TPUT@ \-V\fR
.br
.SH DESCRIPTION
-The \fBtput\fR utility uses the \fBterminfo\fR database to make the
+The \fB@TPUT@\fR utility uses the \fBterminfo\fR database to make the
values of terminal-dependent capabilities and information available to
the shell (see \fBsh\fR(1)), to initialize or reset the terminal, or
-return the long name of the requested terminal type. \fBtput\fR
-outputs a string if the attribute (\fIcap\fRability \fIname\fR) is of
-type string, or an integer if the attribute is of type integer. If
-the attribute is of type boolean, \fBtput\fR simply sets the exit code
-(\fB0\fR for TRUE if the terminal has the capability, \fB1\fR for
-FALSE if it does not), and produces no output. Before using a value
-returned on standard output, the user should test the exit code
-[\fB$?\fR, see \fBsh\fR(1)] to be sure it is \fB0\fR. (See the \fBEXIT
-CODES\fR and \fBDIAGNOSTICS\fR sections.) For a complete list of capabilities
-and the \fIcapname\fR associated with each, see \fBterminfo\fR(\*n).
-.TP
-\fB-T\fR\fItype\fR
-indicates the \fItype\fR of terminal. Normally this option is
-unnecessary, because the default is taken from the environment
-variable \fBTERM\fR. If \fB-T\fR is specified, then the shell
-variables \fBLINES\fR and \fBCOLUMNS\fR will be ignored,and the
-operating system will not be queried for the actual screen size.
+return the long name of the requested terminal type.
+The result depends upon the capability's type:
+.RS 3
+.TP 5
+string
+\fB@TPUT@\fR writes the string to the standard output.
+No trailing newline is supplied.
.TP
-\fIcapname\fR
-indicates the attribute from the \fBterminfo\fR database.
-.TP
-\fIparms\fR
-If the attribute is a string that takes parameters, the arguments
-\fIparms\fR will be instantiated into the string. An all numeric
-argument will be passed to the attribute as a number.
-.TP
-\fB-S\fR
-allows more than one capability per invocation of \fBtput\fR. The
-capabilities must be passed to \fBtput\fR from the standard input
-instead of from the command line (see example). Only one
-\fIcapname\fR is allowed per line. The \fB-S\fR option changes the
+integer
+\fB@TPUT@\fR writes the decimal value to the standard output,
+with a trailing newline.
+.TP
+boolean
+\fB@TPUT@\fR simply sets the exit code
+(\fB0\fR for TRUE if the terminal has the capability,
+\fB1\fR for FALSE if it does not),
+and writes nothing to the standard output.
+.RE
+.PP
+Before using a value returned on the standard output,
+the application should test the exit code
+(e.g., \fB$?\fR, see \fBsh\fR(1)) to be sure it is \fB0\fR.
+(See the \fBEXIT CODES\fR and \fBDIAGNOSTICS\fR sections.)
+For a complete list of capabilities
+and the \fIcapname\fR associated with each, see \fBterminfo\fR(5).
+.SS Options
+.TP
+\fB\-S\fR
+allows more than one capability per invocation of \fB@TPUT@\fR. The
+capabilities must be passed to \fB@TPUT@\fR from the standard input
+instead of from the command line (see example).
+Only one \fIcapname\fR is allowed per line.
+The \fB\-S\fR option changes the
meaning of the \fB0\fR and \fB1\fR boolean and string exit codes (see the
EXIT CODES section).
+.IP
+Because some capabilities may use
+\fIstring\fP parameters rather than \fInumbers\fP,
+\fB@TPUT@\fR uses a table and the presence of parameters in its input
+to decide whether to use \fBtparm\fR(3X),
+and how to interpret the parameters.
+.TP
+\fB\-T\fR\fItype\fR
+indicates the \fItype\fR of terminal.
+Normally this option is
+unnecessary, because the default is taken from the environment
+variable \fBTERM\fR.
+If \fB\-T\fR is specified, then the shell
+variables \fBLINES\fR and \fBCOLUMNS\fR will also be ignored.
+.TP
+\fB\-V\fR
+reports the version of ncurses which was used in this program, and exits.
+.TP
+.B \-x
+do not attempt to clear the terminal's scrollback buffer
+using the extended \*(``E3\*('' capability.
+.SS Commands
+A few commands (\fBinit\fP, \fBreset\fP and \fBlongname\fP) are
+special; they are defined by the \fB@TPUT@\fP program.
+The others are the names of \fIcapabilities\fP from the terminal database
+(see \fBterminfo\fR(5) for a list).
+Although \fBinit\fP and \fBreset\fP resemble capability names,
+\fB@TPUT@\fP uses several capabilities to perform these special functions.
+.TP
+\fIcapname\fR
+indicates the capability from the terminal database.
+.IP
+If the capability is a string that takes parameters, the arguments
+following the capability will be used as parameters for the string.
+.IP
+Most parameters are numbers.
+Only a few terminal capabilities require string parameters;
+\fB@TPUT@\fR uses a table to decide which to pass as strings.
+Normally \fB@TPUT@\fR uses \fBtparm\fR(3X) to perform the substitution.
+If no parameters are given for the capability,
+\fB@TPUT@\fR writes the string without performing the substitution.
.TP
\fBinit\fR
-If the \fBterminfo\fR database is present and an entry for the user's
-terminal exists (see \fB-T\fR\fItype\fR, above), the following will
-occur: (1) if present, the terminal's initialization strings will be
-output (\fBis1\fR, \fBis2\fR, \fBis3\fR, \fBif\fR, \fBiprog\fR), (2)
-any delays (e.g., newline) specified in the entry will be set in the
-tty driver, (3) tabs expansion will be turned on or off according to
-the specification in the entry, and (4) if tabs are not expanded,
-standard tabs will be set (every 8 spaces). If an entry does not
-contain the information needed for any of the four above activities,
+If the terminal database is present and an entry for the user's
+terminal exists (see \fB\-T\fR\fItype\fR, above), the following will
+occur:
+.RS
+.TP 5
+(1)
+first, \fB@TPUT@\fR retrieves the current terminal mode settings
+for your terminal.
+It does this by successively testing
+.RS
+.bP
+the standard error,
+.bP
+standard output,
+.bP
+standard input and
+.bP
+ultimately \*(``/dev/tty\*(''
+.RE
+.IP
+to obtain terminal settings.
+Having retrieved these settings, \fB@TPUT@\fP remembers which
+file descriptor to use when updating settings.
+.TP
+(2)
+if the window size cannot be obtained from the operating system,
+but the terminal description (or environment, e.g., \fBLINES\fP
+and \fBCOLUMNS\fP variables specify this),
+update the operating system's notion of the window size.
+.TP
+(3)
+the terminal modes will be updated:
+.RS
+.bP
+any delays (e.g., newline) specified in the entry will
+be set in the tty driver,
+.bP
+tabs expansion will be turned on or off according to
+the specification in the entry, and
+.bP
+if tabs are not expanded,
+standard tabs will be set (every 8 spaces).
+.RE
+.TP
+(4)
+if present, the terminal's initialization strings will be
+output as detailed in the \fBterminfo\fR(5) section on
+.IR "Tabs and Initialization" ,
+.TP
+(5)
+output is flushed.
+.RE
+.IP
+If an entry does not
+contain the information needed for any of these activities,
that activity will silently be skipped.
.TP
\fBreset\fR
-Instead of putting out initialization strings, the terminal's
-reset strings will be output if present (\fBrs1\fR, \fBrs2\fR, \fBrs3\fR, \fBrf\fR).
-If the reset strings are not present, but initialization
-strings are, the initialization strings will be output.
+This is similar to \fBinit\fP, with two differences:
+.RS
+.TP 5
+(1)
+before any other initialization,
+the terminal modes will be reset to a \*(``sane\*('' state:
+.RS
+.bP
+set cooked and echo modes,
+.bP
+turn off cbreak and raw modes,
+.bP
+turn on newline translation and
+.bP
+reset any unset special characters to their default values
+.RE
+.TP 5
+(2)
+Instead of putting out \fIinitialization\fP strings, the terminal's
+\fIreset\fP strings will be output if present
+(\fBrs1\fR, \fBrs2\fR, \fBrs3\fR, \fBrf\fR).
+If the \fIreset\fP strings are not present, but \fIinitialization\fP
+strings are, the \fIinitialization\fP strings will be output.
+.RE
+.IP
Otherwise, \fBreset\fR acts identically to \fBinit\fR.
.TP
\fBlongname\fR
-If the \fBterminfo\fR database is present and an entry for the
-user's terminal exists (see \fB-T\fR\fItype\fR above), then the long name
+If the terminal database is present and an entry for the
+user's terminal exists (see \fB\-T\fR\fItype\fR above), then the long name
of the terminal will be put out. The long name is the last
name in the first line of the terminal's description in the
\fBterminfo\fR database [see \fBterm\fR(5)].
+.SS Aliases
+\fB@TPUT@\fR handles the \fBclear\fP, \fBinit\fP and \fBreset\fP
+commands specially:
+it allows for the possibility that it is invoked by a link with those names.
+.PP
+If \fB@TPUT@\fR is invoked by a link named \fBreset\fR, this has the
+same effect as \fB@TPUT@ reset\fR.
+The \fB@TSET@\fR(\*n) utility also treats a link named \fBreset\fP specially.
+.PP
+Before ncurses 6.1, the two utilities were different from each other:
+.bP
+\fB@TSET@\fP utility reset the terminal modes and special characters
+(not done with \fB@TPUT@\fP).
+.bP
+On the other hand, \fB@TSET@\fP's repertoire of terminal capabilities for
+resetting the terminal was more limited, i.e., only \fBreset_1string\fP, \fBreset_2string\fP and \fBreset_file\fP
+in contrast to the tab-stops and margins which are set by this utility.
+.bP
+The \fBreset\fP program is usually an alias for \fB@TSET@\fP,
+because of this difference with resetting terminal modes and special characters.
+.PP
+With the changes made for ncurses 6.1, the \fIreset\fP feature of the
+two programs is (mostly) the same. A few differences remain:
+.bP
+The \fB@TSET@\fP program waits one second when resetting,
+in case it happens to be a hardware terminal.
+.bP
+The two programs write the terminal initialization strings
+to different streams (i.e.,. the standard error for \fB@TSET@\fP and the
+standard output for \fB@TPUT@\fP).
+.IP
+\fBNote:\fP although these programs write to different streams,
+redirecting their output to a file will capture only part of their actions.
+The changes to the terminal modes are not affected by redirecting the output.
+.PP
+If \fB@TPUT@\fR is invoked by a link named \fBinit\fR, this has the
+same effect as \fB@TPUT@ init\fR.
+Again, you are less likely to use that link because another program
+named \fBinit\fP has a more well-established use.
.SH EXAMPLES
.TP 5
-\fBtput init\fR
+\fB@TPUT@ init\fR
Initialize the terminal according to the type of
terminal in the environmental variable \fBTERM\fR. This
command should be included in everyone's .profile after
the environmental variable \fBTERM\fR has been exported, as
-illustrated on the \fBprofile\fR(4) manual page.
+illustrated on the \fBprofile\fR(5) manual page.
.TP 5
-\fBtput -T5620 reset\fR
+\fB@TPUT@ \-T5620 reset\fR
Reset an AT&T 5620 terminal, overriding the type of
terminal in the environmental variable \fBTERM\fR.
.TP 5
-\fBtput cup 0 0\fR
+\fB@TPUT@ cup 0 0\fR
Send the sequence to move the cursor to row \fB0\fR, column \fB0\fR
-(the upper left corner of the screen, usually known as the "home"
+(the upper left corner of the screen, usually known as the \*(``home\*(''
cursor position).
.TP 5
-\fBtput clear\fR
+\fB@TPUT@ clear\fR
Echo the clear-screen sequence for the current terminal.
.TP 5
-\fBtput cols\fR
+\fB@TPUT@ cols\fR
Print the number of columns for the current terminal.
.TP 5
-\fBtput -T450 cols\fR
+\fB@TPUT@ \-T450 cols\fR
Print the number of columns for the 450 terminal.
.TP 5
-\fBbold=`tput smso` offbold=`tput rmso`\fR
+\fBbold=`@TPUT@ smso` offbold=`@TPUT@ rmso`\fR
Set the shell variables \fBbold\fR, to begin stand-out mode
sequence, and \fBoffbold\fR, to end standout mode sequence,
for the current terminal. This might be followed by a
prompt: \fBecho "${bold}Please type in your name: ${offbold}\\c"\fR
.TP 5
-\fBtput hc\fR
+\fB@TPUT@ hc\fR
Set exit code to indicate if the current terminal is a hard copy terminal.
.TP 5
-\fBtput cup 23 4\fR
+\fB@TPUT@ cup 23 4\fR
Send the sequence to move the cursor to row 23, column 4.
.TP 5
-\fBtput longname\fR
+\fB@TPUT@ cup\fR
+Send the terminfo string for cursor-movement, with no parameters substituted.
+.TP 5
+\fB@TPUT@ longname\fR
Print the long name from the \fBterminfo\fR database for the
type of terminal specified in the environmental
variable \fBTERM\fR.
-.TP 0
-\fBtput -S <<!\fR
+.PP
+.RS 5
+\fB@TPUT@ \-S <<!\fR
.br
\fB> clear\fR
.br
\fB> bold\fR
.br
\fB> !\fR
+.RE
.TP 5
\&
-This example shows tput processing several capabilities in one
-invocation. This example clears the screen, moves the cursor to
-position 10, 10 and turns on bold (extra bright) mode. The list is
-terminated by an exclamation mark (\fB!\fR) on a line by itself.
+This example shows \fB@TPUT@\fR processing several capabilities in one invocation.
+It clears the screen,
+moves the cursor to position 10, 10
+and turns on bold (extra bright) mode.
+The list is terminated by an exclamation mark (\fB!\fR) on a line by itself.
.SH FILES
.TP
\fB\*d\fR
compiled terminal description database
.TP
-\fB/usr/include/curses.h\fR
-\fBcurses\fR(3X) header file
-.TP
-\fB/usr/include/term.h\fR
-\fBterminfo\fR header file
-.TP
\fB@DATADIR@/tabset/*\fR
tab settings for some terminals, in a format
appropriate to be output to the terminal (escape
sequences that set margins and tabs); for more
-information, see the "Tabs and Initialization"
-section of \fBterminfo\fR(4)
-.SH SEE ALSO
-\fBclear\fR(1), \fBstty\fR(1), \fBtabs\fR(\*n). \fBprofile\fR(\*n),
-\fBterminfo\fR(4) in the \fISystem\fR \fIAdministrator\fR'\fIs\fR
-\fIReference\fR \fIManual\fR. Chapter 10 of the
-\fIProgrammer\fR'\fIs\fR \fIGuide\fR.
+information, see the
+.IR "Tabs and Initialization" ,
+section of \fBterminfo\fR(5)
.SH EXIT CODES
-If \fIcapname\fR is of type boolean, a value of \fB0\fR is set for
-TRUE and \fB1\fR for FALSE unless the \fB-S\fR option is used.
-
-If \fIcapname\fR is of type string, a value of \fB0\fR is set if the
-\fIcapname\fR is defined for this terminal \fItype\fR (the value of
-\fIcapname\fR is returned on standard output); a value of \fB1\fR is
-set if \fIcapname\fR is not defined for this terminal \fItype\fR (a
-null value is returned on standard output).
-
-If \fIcapname\fR is of type boolean or string and the \fB-S\fR option
-is used, a value of \fB0\fR is returned to indicate that all lines
-were successful. No indication of which line failed can be given so
+If the \fB\-S\fR option is used,
+\fB@TPUT@\fR checks for errors from each line,
+and if any errors are found, will set the exit code to 4 plus the
+number of lines with errors.
+If no errors are found, the exit code is \fB0\fR.
+No indication of which line failed can be given so
exit code \fB1\fR will never appear. Exit codes \fB2\fR, \fB3\fR, and
\fB4\fR retain their usual interpretation.
-
-If \fIcapname\fR is of type integer, a value of \fB0\fR is always set,
+If the \fB\-S\fR option is not used,
+the exit code depends on the type of \fIcapname\fR:
+.RS 3
+.TP
+.I boolean
+a value of \fB0\fR is set for TRUE and \fB1\fR for FALSE.
+.TP
+.I string
+a value of \fB0\fR is set if the
+\fIcapname\fR is defined for this terminal \fItype\fR (the value of
+\fIcapname\fR is returned on standard output);
+a value of \fB1\fR is set if \fIcapname\fR
+is not defined for this terminal \fItype\fR
+(nothing is written to standard output).
+.TP
+.I integer
+a value of \fB0\fR is always set,
whether or not \fIcapname\fR is defined for this terminal \fItype\fR.
To determine if \fIcapname\fR is defined for this terminal \fItype\fR,
-the user must test the value of standard output. A value of \fB-1\fR
+the user must test the value written to standard output.
+A value of \fB\-1\fR
means that \fIcapname\fR is not defined for this terminal \fItype\fR.
-
+.TP
+.I other
+\fBreset\fR or \fBinit\fR may fail to find their respective files.
+In that case, the exit code is set to 4 + \fBerrno\fR.
+.RE
+.PP
Any other exit code indicates an error; see the DIAGNOSTICS section.
.SH DIAGNOSTICS
-\fBtput\fR prints the following error messages and sets the corresponding exit
+\fB@TPUT@\fR prints the following error messages and sets the corresponding exit
codes.
-
+.PP
+.ne 15
.TS
l l.
exit code error message
-\fB0\fR (\fIcapname\fR is a numeric variable that is not specified in the
- \fBterminfo\fR(\*n) database for this terminal type, e.g.
- \fBtput -T450 lines\fR and \fBtput -T2621 xmc\fR)
+=
+\fB0\fR T{
+(\fIcapname\fR is a numeric variable that is not specified in the
+\fBterminfo\fR(5) database for this terminal type, e.g.
+\fB@TPUT@ \-T450 lines\fR and \fB@TPUT@ \-T2621 xmc\fR)
+T}
\fB1\fR no error message is printed, see the \fBEXIT CODES\fR section.
\fB2\fR usage error
\fB3\fR unknown terminal \fItype\fR or no \fBterminfo\fR database
\fB4\fR unknown \fBterminfo\fR capability \fIcapname\fR
+\fB>4\fR error occurred in \-S
+=
.TE
+.SH HISTORY
+The \fBtput\fP command was begun by Bill Joy in 1980.
+The initial version only cleared the screen.
+.PP
+AT&T System V provided a different \fBtput\fP command,
+whose \fBinit\fP and \fBreset\fP subcommands
+(more than half the program) were incorporated from
+the \fBreset\fP feature of BSD \fBtset\fP written by Eric Allman.
+.PP
+Keith Bostic replaced the BSD \fBtput\fP command in 1989 with a new implementation
+based on the AT&T System V program \fBtput\fP.
+Like the AT&T program, Bostic's version
+accepted some parameters named for \fIterminfo capabilities\fP
+(\fBclear\fP, \fBinit\fP, \fBlongname\fP and \fBreset\fP).
+However (because he had only termcap available),
+it accepted \fItermcap names\fP for other capabilities.
+Also, Bostic's BSD \fBtput\fP did not modify the terminal I/O modes
+as the earlier BSD \fBtset\fP had done.
+.PP
+At the same time, Bostic added a shell script named \*(``clear\*('',
+which used \fBtput\fP to clear the screen.
+.PP
+Both of these appeared in 4.4BSD,
+becoming the \*(``modern\*('' BSD implementation of \fBtput\fP.
+.PP
+This implementation of \fBtput\fP began from a different source than
+AT&T or BSD: Ross Ridge's \fImytinfo\fP package, published on
+\fIcomp.sources.unix\fP in December 1992.
+Ridge's program made more sophisticated use of the terminal capabilities
+than the BSD program.
+Eric Raymond used the \fBtput\fP program
+(and other parts of \fImytinfo\fP) in ncurses in June 1995.
+Using the portions dealing with terminal capabilities
+almost without change,
+Raymond made improvements to the way the command-line parameters
+were handled.
.SH PORTABILITY
-The \fBlongname\fR and \fB-S\fR options, and the parameter-substitution
-features used in the \fBcup\fR example, are not supported in BSD curses or in
-AT&T/USL curses before SVr4.
-.\"#
-.\"# The following sets edit modes for GNU EMACS
-.\"# Local Variables:
-.\"# mode:nroff
-.\"# fill-column:79
-.\"# End:
+.PP
+This implementation of \fBtput\fP differs from AT&T \fBtput\fP in
+two important areas:
+.bP
+\fB@TPUT@\fP \fIcapname\fP writes to the standard output.
+That need not be a regular terminal.
+However, the subcommands which manipulate terminal modes
+may not use the standard output.
+.IP
+The AT&T implementation's \fBinit\fP and \fBreset\fP commands
+use the BSD (4.1c) \fBtset\fP source, which manipulates terminal modes.
+It successively tries standard output, standard error, standard input
+before falling back to \*(``/dev/tty\*('' and finally just assumes
+a 1200Bd terminal.
+When updating terminal modes, it ignores errors.
+.IP
+Until changes made after ncurses 6.0, \fB@TPUT@\fP did not modify terminal modes.
+\fB@TPUT@\fP now uses a similar scheme,
+using functions shared with \fB@TSET@\fP
+(and ultimately based on the 4.4BSD \fBtset\fP).
+If it is not able to open a terminal, e.g., when running in \fBcron\fP,
+\fB@TPUT@\fP will return an error.
+.bP
+AT&T \fBtput\fP guesses the type of its \fIcapname\fP operands by seeing if
+all of the characters are numeric, or not.
+.IP
+Most implementations which provide support for \fIcapname\fR operands
+use the \fItparm\fP function to expand parameters in it.
+That function expects a mixture of numeric and string parameters,
+requiring \fB@TPUT@\fP to know which type to use.
+.IP
+This implementation uses a table to determine the parameter types for
+the standard \fIcapname\fR operands, and an internal library
+function to analyze nonstandard \fIcapname\fR operands.
+.PP
+This implementation (unlike others) can accept both \fItermcap\fP
+and \fIterminfo\fP names for the \fIcapname\fP feature,
+if
+\fItermcap\fR support is compiled in.
+However, the predefined \fItermcap\fP and \fIterminfo\fP names have two
+ambiguities in this case (and the \fIterminfo\fP name is assumed):
+.bP
+The \fItermcap\fP name \fBdl\fP corresponds to
+the \fIterminfo\fP name \fBdl1\fP (delete one line).
+.br
+The \fIterminfo\fP name \fBdl\fP corresponds to
+the \fItermcap\fP name \fBDL\fP (delete a given number of lines).
+.bP
+The \fItermcap\fP name \fBed\fP corresponds to
+the \fIterminfo\fP name \fBrmdc\fP (end delete mode).
+.br
+The \fIterminfo\fP name \fBed\fP corresponds to
+the \fItermcap\fP name \fBcd\fP (clear to end of screen).
+.PP
+The \fBlongname\fR and \fB\-S\fR options, and the parameter-substitution
+features used in the \fBcup\fR example,
+were not supported in BSD curses before 4.3reno (1989) or in
+AT&T/USL curses before SVr4 (1988).
+.PP
+IEEE Std 1003.1/The Open Group Base Specifications Issue 7 (POSIX.1-2008)
+documents only the operands for \fBclear\fP, \fBinit\fP and \fBreset\fP.
+There are a few interesting observations to make regarding that:
+.bP
+In this implementation, \fBclear\fP is part of the \fIcapname\fR support.
+The others (\fBinit\fP and \fBlongname\fP) do not correspond to terminal
+capabilities.
+.bP
+Other implementations of \fBtput\fP on
+SVr4-based systems such as Solaris, IRIX64 and HPUX
+as well as others such as AIX and Tru64
+provide support for \fIcapname\fR operands.
+.bP
+A few platforms such as FreeBSD recognize termcap names rather
+than terminfo capability names in their respective \fBtput\fP commands.
+Since 2010, NetBSD's \fBtput\fP uses terminfo names.
+Before that, it (like FreeBSD) recognized termcap names.
+.PP
+Because (apparently) \fIall\fP of the certified Unix systems
+support the full set of capability names, the reasoning for documenting
+only a few may not be apparent.
+.bP
+X/Open Curses Issue 7 documents \fBtput\fP differently, with \fIcapname\fP
+and the other features used in this implementation.
+.bP
+That is, there are two standards for \fBtput\fP: POSIX (a subset) and X/Open Curses (the full implementation).
+POSIX documents a subset to avoid the complication of including X/Open Curses
+and the terminal capabilities database.
+.bP
+While it is certainly possible to write a \fBtput\fP program without using curses,
+none of the systems which have a curses implementation provide
+a \fBtput\fP utility which does not provide the \fIcapname\fP feature.
+.SH SEE ALSO
+\fB@CLEAR@\fR(\*n),
+\fBstty\fR(1),
+\fB@TABS@\fR(\*n),
+\fB@TSET@\fR(\*n),
+\fBterminfo\fR(5),
+\fBcurs_termcap\fR(3X).
+.PP
+This describes \fBncurses\fR
+version @NCURSES_MAJOR@.@NCURSES_MINOR@ (patch @NCURSES_PATCH@).
projects / ncurses.git / blobdiff