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  37 <TITLE>curs_printw 3x 2023-10-07 ncurses 6.4 Library calls</TITLE>
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  42 <H1 class="no-header">curs_printw 3x 2023-10-07 ncurses 6.4 Library calls</H1>
  43 <PRE>
  44 <STRONG><A HREF="curs_printw.3x.html">curs_printw(3x)</A></STRONG>                  Library calls                 <STRONG><A HREF="curs_printw.3x.html">curs_printw(3x)</A></STRONG>
  45
  46
  47
  48
  49 </PRE><H2><a name="h2-NAME">NAME</a></H2><PRE>
  50        <STRONG>printw</STRONG>,  <STRONG>wprintw</STRONG>,  <STRONG>mvprintw</STRONG>,  <STRONG>mvwprintw</STRONG>,  <STRONG>vwprintw</STRONG>,  <STRONG>vw_printw</STRONG>  - write
  51        formatted output to <EM>curses</EM> windows
  52
  53
  54 </PRE><H2><a name="h2-SYNOPSIS">SYNOPSIS</a></H2><PRE>
  55        <STRONG>#include</STRONG> <STRONG>&lt;curses.h&gt;</STRONG>
  56
  57        <STRONG>int</STRONG> <STRONG>printw(const</STRONG> <STRONG>char</STRONG> <STRONG>*</STRONG><EM>fmt</EM><STRONG>,</STRONG> <STRONG>...);</STRONG>
  58        <STRONG>int</STRONG> <STRONG>wprintw(WINDOW</STRONG> <STRONG>*</STRONG><EM>win</EM><STRONG>,</STRONG> <STRONG>const</STRONG> <STRONG>char</STRONG> <STRONG>*</STRONG><EM>fmt</EM><STRONG>,</STRONG> <STRONG>...);</STRONG>
  59        <STRONG>int</STRONG> <STRONG>mvprintw(int</STRONG> <EM>y</EM><STRONG>,</STRONG> <STRONG>int</STRONG> <EM>x</EM><STRONG>,</STRONG> <STRONG>const</STRONG> <STRONG>char</STRONG> <STRONG>*</STRONG><EM>fmt</EM><STRONG>,</STRONG> <STRONG>...);</STRONG>
  60        <STRONG>int</STRONG> <STRONG>mvwprintw(WINDOW</STRONG> <STRONG>*</STRONG><EM>win</EM><STRONG>,</STRONG> <STRONG>int</STRONG> <EM>y</EM><STRONG>,</STRONG> <STRONG>int</STRONG> <EM>x</EM><STRONG>,</STRONG> <STRONG>const</STRONG> <STRONG>char</STRONG> <STRONG>*</STRONG><EM>fmt</EM><STRONG>,</STRONG> <STRONG>...);</STRONG>
  61        <STRONG>int</STRONG> <STRONG>vw_printw(WINDOW</STRONG> <STRONG>*</STRONG><EM>win</EM><STRONG>,</STRONG> <STRONG>const</STRONG> <STRONG>char</STRONG> <STRONG>*</STRONG><EM>fmt</EM><STRONG>,</STRONG> <STRONG>va_list</STRONG> <EM>varglist</EM><STRONG>);</STRONG>
  62
  63        <EM>/*</EM> <EM>obsolete</EM> <EM>*/</EM>
  64        <STRONG>int</STRONG> <STRONG>vwprintw(WINDOW</STRONG> <STRONG>*</STRONG><EM>win</EM><STRONG>,</STRONG> <STRONG>const</STRONG> <STRONG>char</STRONG> <STRONG>*</STRONG><EM>fmt</EM><STRONG>,</STRONG> <STRONG>va_list</STRONG> <EM>varglist</EM><STRONG>);</STRONG>
  65
  66
  67 </PRE><H2><a name="h2-DESCRIPTION">DESCRIPTION</a></H2><PRE>
  68        The <STRONG>printw</STRONG>, <STRONG>wprintw</STRONG>, <STRONG>mvprintw</STRONG> and <STRONG>mvwprintw</STRONG> routines are  analogous  to
  69        <STRONG>printf</STRONG>  [see <STRONG>printf(3)</STRONG>].  In effect, the string that would be output by
  70        <STRONG>printf</STRONG> is output instead as though  <STRONG>waddstr</STRONG>  were  used  on  the  given
  71        window.
  72
  73        The  <STRONG>vwprintw</STRONG>  and  <STRONG>vw_printw</STRONG>  routines  are  analogous to <STRONG>vprintf</STRONG> [see
  74        <STRONG>printf(3)</STRONG>] and perform a <STRONG>wprintw</STRONG> using a variable argument  list.   The
  75        third  argument  is  a  <STRONG>va_list</STRONG>,  a  pointer to a list of arguments, as
  76        defined in <STRONG>&lt;stdarg.h&gt;</STRONG>.
  77
  78
  79 </PRE><H2><a name="h2-RETURN-VALUE">RETURN VALUE</a></H2><PRE>
  80        Routines that return an integer return <STRONG>ERR</STRONG> upon failure  and  <STRONG>OK</STRONG>  (SVr4
  81        only  specifies  "an  integer  value  other  than <STRONG>ERR</STRONG>") upon successful
  82        completion.
  83
  84        X/Open defines no error conditions.  In this implementation,  an  error
  85        may be returned if it cannot allocate enough memory for the buffer used
  86        to format the results.  It will return an error if the  window  pointer
  87        is null.
  88
  89        Functions  with  a  "mv"  prefix  first perform a cursor movement using
  90        <STRONG>wmove</STRONG>, and return an error if the position is outside the window, or if
  91        the window pointer is null.
  92
  93
  94 </PRE><H2><a name="h2-HISTORY">HISTORY</a></H2><PRE>
  95        While <STRONG>printw</STRONG> was implemented in 4BSD, it was unused until 4.2BSD (which
  96        used it in games).  That early version of curses was before the ANSI  C
  97        standard.   It  did not use &lt;varargs.h&gt;, though that was available.  In
  98        1991 (a couple of years after SVr4 was generally available,  and  after
  99        the  C  standard  was published), other developers updated the library,
 100        using  &lt;stdarg.h&gt;  internally  in  4.4BSD  curses.   Even   with   this
 101        improvement,  BSD  curses  did  not  use  function  prototypes (or even
 102        declare functions) in the &lt;curses.h&gt; header until 1992.
 103
 104        SVr2 documented <STRONG>printw</STRONG>, <STRONG>wprintw</STRONG>  tersely  as  "printf  on  <EM>stdscr</EM>"  and
 105        tersely as "printf on <EM>win</EM>", respectively.
 106
 107        SVr3  added  <STRONG>mvprintw</STRONG>,  and <STRONG>mvwprintw</STRONG>, with a three-line summary saying
 108        that they were analogous to <STRONG>printf(3)</STRONG>, explaining that the string which
 109        would be output from <STRONG>printf(3)</STRONG> would instead be output using <STRONG>waddstr</STRONG> on
 110        the given window.  SVr3 also added  <STRONG>vwprintw</STRONG>,  saying  that  the  third
 111        parameter  is  a  <STRONG>va_list</STRONG>,  defined  in  &lt;varargs.h&gt;, and referring the
 112        reader to the  manual  pages  for  <EM>varargs</EM>  and  <STRONG>vprintf</STRONG>  for  detailed
 113        descriptions.
 114
 115        SVr4  added  no  new  variations  of  <STRONG>printw</STRONG>,  but  provided  for using
 116        &lt;varargs.h&gt; or &lt;stdarg.h&gt; to define the <STRONG>va_list</STRONG> type.
 117
 118        X/Open Curses added <STRONG>vw_printw</STRONG> to replace  <STRONG>vwprintw</STRONG>,  stating  that  its
 119        <STRONG>va_list</STRONG> definition requires &lt;stdarg.h&gt;.
 120
 121
 122 </PRE><H2><a name="h2-PORTABILITY">PORTABILITY</a></H2><PRE>
 123        In  this  implementation,  <STRONG>vw_printw</STRONG>  and  <STRONG>vwprintw</STRONG>  are equivalent, to
 124        support  legacy  applications.   However,  the  latter  (<STRONG>vwprintw</STRONG>)   is
 125        obsolete:
 126
 127        <STRONG>o</STRONG>   The  XSI  Curses  standard, Issue 4 described these functions.  The
 128            function <STRONG>vwprintw</STRONG> is marked TO BE WITHDRAWN, and is to be  replaced
 129            by a function <STRONG>vw_printw</STRONG> using the <STRONG>&lt;stdarg.h&gt;</STRONG> interface.
 130
 131        <STRONG>o</STRONG>   The  Single Unix Specification, Version 2 states that <STRONG>vw_printw</STRONG>  is
 132            preferred  to  <STRONG>vwprintw</STRONG>  since  the   latter   requires   including
 133            <STRONG>&lt;varargs.h&gt;</STRONG>,  which  cannot be used in the same file as <STRONG>&lt;stdarg.h&gt;</STRONG>.
 134            This implementation uses <STRONG>&lt;stdarg.h&gt;</STRONG> for both, because  that  header
 135            is included in <STRONG>&lt;curses.h</STRONG>&gt;.
 136
 137        <STRONG>o</STRONG>   X/Open  Curses, Issue 5 (December 2007) marked <STRONG>vwprintw</STRONG> (along with
 138            <STRONG>vwscanw</STRONG> and the termcap interface) as withdrawn.
 139
 140
 141 </PRE><H2><a name="h2-SEE-ALSO">SEE ALSO</a></H2><PRE>
 142        <STRONG><A HREF="ncurses.3x.html">curses(3x)</A></STRONG>,    <STRONG><A HREF="curs_addstr.3x.html">curs_addstr(3x)</A></STRONG>,    <STRONG><A HREF="curs_scanw.3x.html">curs_scanw(3x)</A></STRONG>,    <STRONG><A HREF="curs_termcap.3x.html">curs_termcap(3x)</A></STRONG>,
 143        <STRONG>printf(3)</STRONG>, <STRONG>vprintf(3)</STRONG>
 144
 145
 146
 147 ncurses 6.4                       2023-10-07                   <STRONG><A HREF="curs_printw.3x.html">curs_printw(3x)</A></STRONG>
 148 </PRE>
 149 <div class="nav">
 150 <ul>
 151 <li><a href="#h2-NAME">NAME</a></li>
 152 <li><a href="#h2-SYNOPSIS">SYNOPSIS</a></li>
 153 <li><a href="#h2-DESCRIPTION">DESCRIPTION</a></li>
 154 <li><a href="#h2-RETURN-VALUE">RETURN VALUE</a></li>
 155 <li><a href="#h2-HISTORY">HISTORY</a></li>
 156 <li><a href="#h2-PORTABILITY">PORTABILITY</a></li>
 157 <li><a href="#h2-SEE-ALSO">SEE ALSO</a></li>
 158 </ul>
 159 </div>
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