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  59 <H1 class="no-header">panel 3x 2023-10-07 ncurses 6.4 Library calls</H1>
  60 <PRE>
  61 <STRONG><A HREF="panel.3x.html">panel(3x)</A></STRONG>                        Library calls                       <STRONG><A HREF="panel.3x.html">panel(3x)</A></STRONG>
  62
  63
  64
  65
  66 </PRE><H2><a name="h2-NAME">NAME</a></H2><PRE>
  67        panel - panel stack extension for curses
  68
  69
  70 </PRE><H2><a name="h2-SYNOPSIS">SYNOPSIS</a></H2><PRE>
  71        <STRONG>#include</STRONG> <STRONG>&lt;panel.h&gt;</STRONG>
  72
  73        <STRONG>PANEL</STRONG> <STRONG>*new_panel(WINDOW</STRONG> <STRONG>*</STRONG><EM>win</EM><STRONG>);</STRONG>
  74
  75        <STRONG>int</STRONG> <STRONG>bottom_panel(PANEL</STRONG> <STRONG>*</STRONG><EM>pan</EM><STRONG>);</STRONG>
  76        <STRONG>int</STRONG> <STRONG>top_panel(PANEL</STRONG> <STRONG>*</STRONG><EM>pan</EM><STRONG>);</STRONG>
  77        <STRONG>int</STRONG> <STRONG>show_panel(PANEL</STRONG> <STRONG>*</STRONG><EM>pan</EM><STRONG>);</STRONG>
  78        <STRONG>void</STRONG> <STRONG>update_panels(void);</STRONG>
  79        <STRONG>int</STRONG> <STRONG>hide_panel(PANEL</STRONG> <STRONG>*</STRONG><EM>pan</EM><STRONG>);</STRONG>
  80
  81        <STRONG>WINDOW</STRONG> <STRONG>*panel_window(const</STRONG> <STRONG>PANEL</STRONG> <STRONG>*</STRONG><EM>pan</EM><STRONG>);</STRONG>
  82        <STRONG>int</STRONG> <STRONG>replace_panel(PANEL</STRONG> <STRONG>*</STRONG><EM>pan</EM><STRONG>,</STRONG> <STRONG>WINDOW</STRONG> <STRONG>*</STRONG><EM>window</EM><STRONG>);</STRONG>
  83        <STRONG>int</STRONG> <STRONG>move_panel(PANEL</STRONG> <STRONG>*</STRONG><EM>pan</EM><STRONG>,</STRONG> <STRONG>int</STRONG> <EM>starty</EM><STRONG>,</STRONG> <STRONG>int</STRONG> <EM>startx</EM><STRONG>);</STRONG>
  84        <STRONG>int</STRONG> <STRONG>panel_hidden(const</STRONG> <STRONG>PANEL</STRONG> <STRONG>*</STRONG><EM>pan</EM><STRONG>);</STRONG>
  85
  86        <STRONG>PANEL</STRONG> <STRONG>*panel_above(const</STRONG> <STRONG>PANEL</STRONG> <STRONG>*</STRONG><EM>pan</EM><STRONG>);</STRONG>
  87        <STRONG>PANEL</STRONG> <STRONG>*panel_below(const</STRONG> <STRONG>PANEL</STRONG> <STRONG>*</STRONG><EM>pan</EM><STRONG>);</STRONG>
  88
  89        <STRONG>int</STRONG> <STRONG>set_panel_userptr(PANEL</STRONG> <STRONG>*</STRONG><EM>pan</EM><STRONG>,</STRONG> <STRONG>const</STRONG> <STRONG>void</STRONG> <STRONG>*</STRONG><EM>ptr</EM><STRONG>);</STRONG>
  90        <STRONG>const</STRONG> <STRONG>void</STRONG> <STRONG>*panel_userptr(const</STRONG> <STRONG>PANEL</STRONG> <STRONG>*</STRONG><EM>pan</EM><STRONG>);</STRONG>
  91
  92        <STRONG>int</STRONG> <STRONG>del_panel(PANEL</STRONG> <STRONG>*</STRONG><EM>pan</EM><STRONG>);</STRONG>
  93
  94        <EM>/*</EM> <EM>ncurses</EM> <EM>extensions</EM> <EM>*/</EM>
  95        <STRONG>PANEL</STRONG> <STRONG>*ground_panel(SCREEN</STRONG> <STRONG>*</STRONG><EM>sp</EM><STRONG>);</STRONG>
  96        <STRONG>PANEL</STRONG> <STRONG>*ceiling_panel(SCREEN</STRONG> <STRONG>*</STRONG><EM>sp</EM><STRONG>);</STRONG>
  97
  98
  99 </PRE><H2><a name="h2-DESCRIPTION">DESCRIPTION</a></H2><PRE>
 100        Panels  are  <STRONG><A HREF="ncurses.3x.html">curses(3x)</A></STRONG> windows with the added feature of depth.  Panel
 101        functions allow the use  of  stacked  windows  and  ensure  the  proper
 102        portions  of  each  window  and  the curses <STRONG>stdscr</STRONG> window are hidden or
 103        displayed when panels are added, moved, modified or removed.   The  set
 104        of  currently visible panels is the stack of panels.  The <STRONG>stdscr</STRONG> window
 105        is beneath all panels, and is not considered part of the stack.
 106
 107        A window is associated with every panel.  The panel routines enable you
 108        to  create, move, hide, and show panels, as well as position a panel at
 109        any desired location in the stack.
 110
 111        Panel routines are a functional layer added to  <STRONG><A HREF="ncurses.3x.html">curses(3x)</A></STRONG>,  make  only
 112        high-level curses calls, and work anywhere terminfo curses does.
 113
 114
 115 </PRE><H2><a name="h2-FUNCTIONS">FUNCTIONS</a></H2><PRE>
 116
 117 </PRE><H3><a name="h3-bottom_panel">bottom_panel</a></H3><PRE>
 118        <STRONG>bottom_panel(</STRONG><EM>pan</EM><STRONG>)</STRONG> puts panel <EM>pan</EM> at the bottom of all panels.
 119
 120
 121 </PRE><H3><a name="h3-ceiling_panel">ceiling_panel</a></H3><PRE>
 122        <STRONG>ceiling_panel(</STRONG><EM>sp</EM><STRONG>)</STRONG> acts like <STRONG>panel_below(NULL)</STRONG>, for the given <STRONG>SCREEN</STRONG> <EM>sp</EM>.
 123
 124
 125 </PRE><H3><a name="h3-del_panel">del_panel</a></H3><PRE>
 126        <STRONG>del_panel(</STRONG><EM>pan</EM><STRONG>)</STRONG>  removes  the  given  panel  <EM>pan</EM>  from  the   stack  and
 127        deallocates the <STRONG>PANEL</STRONG> structure (but not its associated window).
 128
 129
 130 </PRE><H3><a name="h3-ground_panel">ground_panel</a></H3><PRE>
 131        <STRONG>ground_panel(</STRONG><EM>sp</EM><STRONG>)</STRONG> acts like <STRONG>panel_above(NULL)</STRONG>, for the given <STRONG>SCREEN</STRONG> <EM>sp</EM>.
 132
 133
 134 </PRE><H3><a name="h3-hide_panel">hide_panel</a></H3><PRE>
 135        <STRONG>hide_panel(</STRONG><EM>pan</EM><STRONG>)</STRONG> removes the given panel <EM>pan</EM> from the  panel  stack  and
 136        thus  hides  it  from  view.   The  <STRONG>PANEL</STRONG> structure is not lost, merely
 137        removed from the stack.
 138
 139
 140 </PRE><H3><a name="h3-move_panel">move_panel</a></H3><PRE>
 141        <STRONG>move_panel(</STRONG><EM>pan</EM><STRONG>,</STRONG><EM>starty</EM><STRONG>,</STRONG><EM>startx</EM><STRONG>)</STRONG> moves the given  panel  <EM>pan</EM>'s  window  so
 142        that  its  upper-left  corner is at <EM>starty</EM>, <EM>startx</EM>.  It does not change
 143        the position of the panel in the stack.  Be sure to use this  function,
 144        not <STRONG><A HREF="curs_window.3x.html">mvwin(3x)</A></STRONG>, to move a panel window.
 145
 146
 147 </PRE><H3><a name="h3-new_panel">new_panel</a></H3><PRE>
 148        <STRONG>new_panel(</STRONG><EM>win</EM><STRONG>)</STRONG>  allocates  a  <STRONG>PANEL</STRONG>  structure, associates it with <EM>win</EM>,
 149        places the panel on the top of the stack (causes  it to  be   displayed
 150        above any other panel) and returns a pointer to the new panel.
 151
 152
 153 </PRE><H3><a name="h3-panel_above">panel_above</a></H3><PRE>
 154        <STRONG>panel_above(</STRONG><EM>pan</EM><STRONG>)</STRONG>  returns  a  pointer  to  the panel above <EM>pan</EM>.  If the
 155        panel argument is <STRONG>(PANEL</STRONG> <STRONG>*)0</STRONG>, it returns a pointer to the bottom  panel
 156        in the stack.
 157
 158
 159 </PRE><H3><a name="h3-panel_below">panel_below</a></H3><PRE>
 160        <STRONG>panel_below(</STRONG><EM>pan</EM><STRONG>)</STRONG> returns a pointer to the panel just below <EM>pan</EM>.  If the
 161        panel argument is <STRONG>(PANEL</STRONG> <STRONG>*)0</STRONG>, it returns a pointer to the top panel  in
 162        the stack.
 163
 164
 165 </PRE><H3><a name="h3-panel_hidden">panel_hidden</a></H3><PRE>
 166        <STRONG>panel_hidden(</STRONG><EM>pan</EM><STRONG>)</STRONG> returns <STRONG>FALSE</STRONG> if the panel <EM>pan</EM> is in the panel stack,
 167        <STRONG>TRUE</STRONG> if it is not.  If the panel is a null pointer, return <STRONG>ERR</STRONG>.
 168
 169
 170 </PRE><H3><a name="h3-panel_userptr">panel_userptr</a></H3><PRE>
 171        <STRONG>panel_userptr(</STRONG><EM>pan</EM><STRONG>)</STRONG> returns the user pointer for a given panel <EM>pan</EM>.
 172
 173
 174 </PRE><H3><a name="h3-panel_window">panel_window</a></H3><PRE>
 175        <STRONG>panel_window(</STRONG><EM>pan</EM><STRONG>)</STRONG> returns a pointer to the window of  the  given  panel
 176        <EM>pan</EM>.
 177
 178
 179 </PRE><H3><a name="h3-replace_panel">replace_panel</a></H3><PRE>
 180        <STRONG>replace_panel(</STRONG><EM>pan</EM><STRONG>,</STRONG><EM>window</EM><STRONG>)</STRONG> replaces the current window of panel <EM>pan</EM> with
 181        <EM>window</EM> This is useful, for example if you want to resize a  panel.   In
 182        <STRONG>ncurses</STRONG>,  you  can  call <STRONG>replace_panel</STRONG> to resize a panel using a window
 183        resized with <STRONG><A HREF="wresize.3x.html">wresize(3x)</A></STRONG>.  It does not change the position of the panel
 184        in the stack.
 185
 186
 187 </PRE><H3><a name="h3-set_panel_userptr">set_panel_userptr</a></H3><PRE>
 188        <STRONG>set_panel_userptr(</STRONG><EM>pan</EM><STRONG>,</STRONG><EM>ptr</EM><STRONG>)</STRONG> sets the panel's user pointer.
 189
 190
 191 </PRE><H3><a name="h3-show_panel">show_panel</a></H3><PRE>
 192        <STRONG>show_panel(</STRONG><EM>pan</EM><STRONG>)</STRONG>  makes  a  hidden panel visible by placing it on top of
 193        the panels in the panel stack.  See <STRONG>COMPATIBILITY</STRONG> below.
 194
 195
 196 </PRE><H3><a name="h3-top_panel">top_panel</a></H3><PRE>
 197        <STRONG>top_panel(</STRONG><EM>pan</EM><STRONG>)</STRONG> puts the given visible panel <EM>pan</EM> on top of all panels in
 198        the stack.  See <STRONG>COMPATIBILITY</STRONG> below.
 199
 200
 201 </PRE><H3><a name="h3-update_panels">update_panels</a></H3><PRE>
 202        <STRONG>update_panels()</STRONG>  refreshes  the <EM>virtual</EM> <EM>screen</EM> to reflect the relations
 203        between the panels in the stack, but  does  not  call  <STRONG><A HREF="curs_refresh.3x.html">doupdate(3x)</A></STRONG>  to
 204        refresh the <EM>physical</EM> <EM>screen</EM>.  Use this function and not <STRONG><A HREF="curs_refresh.3x.html">wrefresh(3x)</A></STRONG> or
 205        <STRONG><A HREF="curs_refresh.3x.html">wnoutrefresh(3x)</A></STRONG>.
 206
 207        <STRONG>update_panels</STRONG> may be called more than once before a call  to  <STRONG>doupdate</STRONG>,
 208        but  <STRONG>doupdate</STRONG>  is  the  function  responsible for updating the <EM>physical</EM>
 209        <EM>screen</EM>.
 210
 211
 212 </PRE><H2><a name="h2-DIAGNOSTICS">DIAGNOSTICS</a></H2><PRE>
 213        Each routine that returns a pointer returns <STRONG>NULL</STRONG> if  an  error  occurs.
 214        Each  routine  that  returns  an  int  value  returns <STRONG>OK</STRONG> if it executes
 215        successfully and <STRONG>ERR</STRONG> if not.
 216
 217        Except as noted, the <EM>pan</EM> and <EM>window</EM> parameters must  be  non-null.   If
 218        those are null, an error is returned.
 219
 220        The  <STRONG>move_panel</STRONG>  function  uses  <STRONG><A HREF="curs_window.3x.html">mvwin(3x)</A></STRONG>, and will return an error if
 221        <STRONG>mvwin</STRONG> returns an error.
 222
 223
 224 </PRE><H2><a name="h2-COMPATIBILITY">COMPATIBILITY</a></H2><PRE>
 225        Reasonable care has been taken  to   ensure   compatibility  with   the
 226        native   panel  facility introduced in System V (inspection of the SVr4
 227        manual pages suggests the programming  interface  is  unchanged).   The
 228        <STRONG>PANEL</STRONG>   data  structures  are  merely   similar.   The   programmer  is
 229        cautioned not to directly use <STRONG>PANEL</STRONG> fields.
 230
 231        The  functions  <STRONG>show_panel</STRONG>  and  <STRONG>top_panel</STRONG>  are   identical   in   this
 232        implementation,  and work equally well with displayed or hidden panels.
 233        In the native System  V  implementation,  <STRONG>show_panel</STRONG>  is  intended  for
 234        making  a  hidden panel visible (at the top of the stack) and <STRONG>top_panel</STRONG>
 235        is intended for making an already-visible panel move to the top of  the
 236        stack.   You  are  cautioned  to  use  the  correct  function to ensure
 237        compatibility with native panel libraries.
 238
 239
 240 </PRE><H2><a name="h2-NOTE">NOTE</a></H2><PRE>
 241        In your library list, libpanel.a should be  before  libncurses.a;  that
 242        is, you should say "-lpanel -lncurses", not the other way around (which
 243        would give a link-error with static libraries).
 244
 245
 246 </PRE><H2><a name="h2-PORTABILITY">PORTABILITY</a></H2><PRE>
 247        The panel facility was documented in SVr4.2 in <EM>Character</EM> <EM>User</EM> <EM>Interface</EM>
 248        <EM>Programming</EM> <EM>(UNIX</EM> <EM>SVR4.2)</EM>.
 249
 250        It is not part of X/Open Curses.
 251
 252        A few implementations exist:
 253
 254        <STRONG>o</STRONG>   Systems  based  on  SVr4  source  code, e.g., Solaris, provide this
 255            library.
 256
 257        <STRONG>o</STRONG>   <STRONG>ncurses</STRONG> (since version 0.6 in 1993) and <STRONG>PDCurses</STRONG> (since version 2.2
 258            in 1995) provide a panel library whose common ancestor was a public
 259            domain implementation by Warren Tucker published  in  <EM>u386mon</EM>  2.20
 260            (1990).
 261
 262            According  to Tucker, the System V panel library was first released
 263            in SVr3.2 (1988), and his implementation  helped  with  a  port  to
 264            SVr3.1 (1987).
 265
 266            Several  developers have improved each of these; they are no longer
 267            the same as Tucker's implementation.
 268
 269        <STRONG>o</STRONG>   NetBSD 8 (2018) has a panel library  begun  by  Valery  Ushakov  in
 270            2015.  This is based on the AT&amp;T documentation.
 271
 272
 273 </PRE><H2><a name="h2-FILES">FILES</a></H2><PRE>
 274        panel.h interface for the panels library
 275
 276        libpanel.a the panels library itself
 277
 278
 279 </PRE><H2><a name="h2-AUTHOR">AUTHOR</a></H2><PRE>
 280        Originally   written   by   Warren   Tucker  &lt;wht@n4hgf.mt-park.ga.us&gt;,
 281        primarily to assist in porting <EM>u386mon</EM>  to  systems  without  a  native
 282        panels library.
 283
 284        Repackaged for ncurses by Zeyd ben-Halim.
 285
 286        Juergen Pfeifer and Thomas E. Dickey revised/improved the library.
 287
 288
 289 </PRE><H2><a name="h2-SEE-ALSO">SEE ALSO</a></H2><PRE>
 290        <STRONG><A HREF="ncurses.3x.html">curses(3x)</A></STRONG>, <STRONG><A HREF="curs_variables.3x.html">curs_variables(3x)</A></STRONG>
 291
 292
 293
 294 ncurses 6.4                       2023-10-07                         <STRONG><A HREF="panel.3x.html">panel(3x)</A></STRONG>
 295 </PRE>
 296 <div class="nav">
 297 <ul>
 298 <li><a href="#h2-NAME">NAME</a></li>
 299 <li><a href="#h2-SYNOPSIS">SYNOPSIS</a></li>
 300 <li><a href="#h2-DESCRIPTION">DESCRIPTION</a></li>
 301 <li><a href="#h2-FUNCTIONS">FUNCTIONS</a>
 302 <ul>
 303 <li><a href="#h3-bottom_panel">bottom_panel</a></li>
 304 <li><a href="#h3-ceiling_panel">ceiling_panel</a></li>
 305 <li><a href="#h3-del_panel">del_panel</a></li>
 306 <li><a href="#h3-ground_panel">ground_panel</a></li>
 307 <li><a href="#h3-hide_panel">hide_panel</a></li>
 308 <li><a href="#h3-move_panel">move_panel</a></li>
 309 <li><a href="#h3-new_panel">new_panel</a></li>
 310 <li><a href="#h3-panel_above">panel_above</a></li>
 311 <li><a href="#h3-panel_below">panel_below</a></li>
 312 <li><a href="#h3-panel_hidden">panel_hidden</a></li>
 313 <li><a href="#h3-panel_userptr">panel_userptr</a></li>
 314 <li><a href="#h3-panel_window">panel_window</a></li>
 315 <li><a href="#h3-replace_panel">replace_panel</a></li>
 316 <li><a href="#h3-set_panel_userptr">set_panel_userptr</a></li>
 317 <li><a href="#h3-show_panel">show_panel</a></li>
 318 <li><a href="#h3-top_panel">top_panel</a></li>
 319 <li><a href="#h3-update_panels">update_panels</a></li>
 320 </ul>
 321 </li>
 322 <li><a href="#h2-DIAGNOSTICS">DIAGNOSTICS</a></li>
 323 <li><a href="#h2-COMPATIBILITY">COMPATIBILITY</a></li>
 324 <li><a href="#h2-NOTE">NOTE</a></li>
 325 <li><a href="#h2-PORTABILITY">PORTABILITY</a></li>
 326 <li><a href="#h2-FILES">FILES</a></li>
 327 <li><a href="#h2-AUTHOR">AUTHOR</a></li>
 328 <li><a href="#h2-SEE-ALSO">SEE ALSO</a></li>
 329 </ul>
 330 </div>
 331 </BODY>
 332 </HTML>